Early predictors of prolonged grief among bereaved trauma survivors 8.5 years after a terrorist attack.

Objective: A better understanding of the development of prolonged grief disorder can help professionals identify bereaved in need of intervention efforts and improve the efficiency of services. We aimed to examine the prevalence of and risk factors for prolonged grief disorder in a sample of young, bereaved terrorist attack survivors almost a decade postloss.

Method: In total, 165 bereaved survivors ( = 27.

Health care workers' qualitative descriptions of ethically challenging situations evoking moral distress during Covid-19.

Background: The high public demand for healthcare services during the COVID-19 pandemic and strict infection control measures, coupled with threat of severe illness and death, and limited resources, led to many healthcare workers (HCWs) experiencing ethically challenging situations (ECSs).

Objective: To systematically explore first-hand accounts of ECS-evoking moral distress among HCWs during this public health emergency.

Research Design: This was an open cohort study.

'My child could have died': counterfactual thoughts and psychological distress in parents of trauma survivors.

After exposure to a potentially traumatic event, survivors may experience thoughts about 'what could have happened', referred to as counterfactual thoughts (CFTs). CFTs have been found to have a negative impact on survivors' mental health. This is the first study to investigate whether parents of trauma survivors experience CFTs and the association with psychological distress in this group.

Prevalence and potency of trauma reminders 8.5 years after a terrorist attack.

Empirical knowledge about the prevalence and potency of reminders several years post-trauma, and how experiences with reminders relate to mental health and functioning, is scarce. The aim of this study was threefold: (1) systematically describe the type and frequency of trauma reminders experienced by survivors 8.5 years after a terrorist attack; (2) explore the intensity and duration of reactions evoked by various reminders; and (3) examine whether experiences with trauma reminders are associated with psychological distress and level of functioning almost a decade post-trauma.

The longitudinal association between symptoms of posttraumatic stress and complicated grief: A random intercepts cross-lag analysis.

Objective: Knowledge about the temporal relationship between disturbed grief and symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) may have important implications for clinicians working with bereaved trauma survivors. We aimed to investigate the longitudinal association between symptoms of complicated grief and PTSD in a bereaved trauma-exposed sample.

Method: In total, 275 bereaved survivors ( age = 19.

Does event centrality mediate the effect of peritraumatic reactions on post-traumatic growth in survivors of a terrorist attack?

Background: While self-reported post-traumatic growth (PTG) has been documented after a wide variety of potentially traumatic experiences, we need more knowledge on the mechanisms behind PTG to gain a better understanding of this phenomenon.

Objective: We aimed to investigate the hypothesized mechanism of perceived event centrality as a mediator on the pathway between peritraumatic reactions and later PTG.

Method: In total, 204 survivors of the 2011 massacre on Utøya island, participated 4-5 months (T1), 14-15 months (T2), and 30-32 months (T3) post-terror.

A longitudinal study of psychological distress and exposure to trauma reminders after terrorism.

Objective: The aim of this study was threefold: (1) to examine the type and frequency of trauma reminders reported by survivors 2.5 years after a terrorist attack; (2) to examine whether frequency of exposure to trauma reminders is associated with psychological distress and level of functioning; and (3) to compare the worst trauma reminders reported by the same survivors at 2 different time points.

Method: Participants were 261 survivors (52.

Posttraumatic stress disorder and exposure to trauma reminders after a terrorist attack.

The aims of this study were twofold: (a) to systematically describe the type and frequency of trauma reminders reported after a terrorist attack and (b) to examine whether posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with frequency of exposure to trauma reminders. A total of 285 survivors (M age = 22.2, SD = 4.

Early outreach to survivors of the shootings in Norway on the 22nd of July 2011.

Background: Under-treatment and unmet needs among survivors have been documented years after terror attacks. Improved early and proactive outreach strategies, including targeted interventions for individuals in need, are required. After the terrorist attacks in Norway on 22 July 2011, a national, proactive outreach strategy was developed and implemented to help those who were directly affected.

Exploring self-perceived growth in a clinical sample of severely traumatized youth.

Objective: The aims of this study were threefold: (1) examine the prevalence of Posttraumatic Growth (PTG) among severely traumatized youth, (2) systematically describe the PTG reported, and (3) study the course of PTG from pre- to post-treatment.

Method: The sample consisted of 148 severely traumatized Norwegian youth (M age=15, SD=2.2, 79.