Intention to purchase alternative tobacco products as a function of smoking status and responses to advertising, packaging, and sensory experiences.

Introduction: Tobacco manufacturers design and marketed products with appealing sensory characteristics to drive product uptake and continued use. We assessed smokers' and non-smokers' cognitive, affective, and sensory responses to Camel Snus (CS) and Nicotine gum (NG) to gauge future intentions to use.

Method: In a single laboratory session, 348 participants (including current smokers and nonsmokers in Buffalo, NY and Boston, MA) were exposed to CS and NG products in counterbalanced order.

Initial puffing behaviors and subjective responses differ between an electronic nicotine delivery system and traditional cigarettes.

Background: Electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) present an emerging issue for tobacco control and data on product use behaviors are limited.

Methods: Participants (N = 38 enrolled; N = 16 compliant) completed three lab visits over 5 days and were asked to abstain from regular cigarettes for 72 hours in favor of ENDS (Smoke 51 TRIO - 3 piece, First Generation with 11 mg/ml filters). Lab visits included measurement of exhaled carbon monoxide (CO) and salivary cotinine concentration, questionnaire measures of regular cigarette craving after the 72 hour abstinence, and subjective product effects.

The impact of product information and trials on demand for smokeless tobacco and cigarettes: evidence from experimental auctions.

Introduction: Epidemiological and toxicological evidence suggests lower risk of smokeless tobacco (ST) products compared to cigarettes. Less is known, however, about consumer perceptions and use of novel forms of ST, including snus and dissolvable tobacco.

Methods: In this study, we conducted in-person experimental auctions in Buffalo, NY, Columbia, SC, and Selinsgrove, PA with 571 smokers to test the impact of information and product trials on smokers' preferences.

Estimating demand for alternatives to cigarettes with online purchase tasks.

Objectives: To explore how advertising affects demand for cigarettes and potential substitutes, including snus, dissolvable tobacco, and medicinal nicotine.

Methods: A Web-based experiment randomized 1062 smokers to see advertisements for alternative nicotine products or soft drinks, then complete a series of purchase tasks, which were used to estimate demand elasticity, peak consumption, and cross-price elasticity (CPE) for tobacco products.

Results: Lower demand elasticity and greater peak consumption were seen for cigarettes compared to all alternative products (p < .

Cigarette ignition propensity, smoking behavior, and toxicant exposure: A natural experiment in Canada.

Background: This study used a 'pre-post' research design to measure the impact of the Canadian reduced ignition propensity law on cigarette toxicity and smoking behavior among Canadian smokers.

Method: The study was conducted in Ontario, Canada over a ten-month period in 2005-2006, consisting of 4 laboratory visits (baseline N = 61, final N = 42). At Visit 1, questionnaire data and biospecimens were collected.

Influence of measurement setting and home smoking policy on smoking topography.

While cigarette puffing style, measured by smoking topography, is highly variable between individuals, smoking behavior or style tends to vary relatively little within individuals. Recent research has demonstrated that certain situational factors may produce variation in smoking topography, including location of smoking. Smoking topography directly observed by researchers in a laboratory may differ from that indirectly observed via portable measurement devices at participants' homes.

Does switching to reduced ignition propensity cigarettes alter smoking behavior or exposure to tobacco smoke constituents?

Introduction: Since 2004, several jurisdictions have mandated that cigarettes show reduced ignition propensity (RIP) in laboratory testing. RIP cigarettes may limit fires caused by smoldering cigarettes, reducing fire-related deaths and injury. However, some evidence suggests that RIP cigarettes emit more carbon monoxide and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and smokers may alter their smoking patterns in response to RIP cigarettes.

Behaviorally measured audiograms and gap detection thresholds in CBA/CaJ mice.

Tone detection and temporal gap detection thresholds were determined in CBA/CaJ mice using a Go/No-go procedure and the psychophysical method of constant stimuli. In the first experiment, audiograms were constructed for five CBA/CaJ mice. Thresholds were obtained for eight pure tones ranging in frequency from 1 to 42 kHz.