The fission yeast cell size control system integrates pathways measuring cell surface area, volume, and time.

Eukaryotic cells tightly control their size, but the relevant aspect of size is unknown in most cases. Fission yeast divide at a threshold cell surface area (SA) due, in part, to the protein kinase Cdr2. We find that fission yeast cells only divide by SA under a size threshold.

Developing a Diversity, Equity, and Civility Council to Advance Health Equity in Nursing Academia and Practice.

The National Academy of Medicine (NAM) recently released the Future of Nursing 2020-2030 focused on charting a path to achieve health equity. This article focuses on the critical role of nursing education in this call for action. Most specifically, we provide an overview of the process of developing a diversity, equity, and civility council in a school of nursing to promote equity, inclusivity, and diversity grounded in social justice within the culture of the school for faculty, staff, and students.

Arf6 anchors Cdr2 nodes at the cell cortex to control cell size at division.

Fission yeast cells prevent mitotic entry until a threshold cell surface area is reached. The protein kinase Cdr2 contributes to this size control system by forming multiprotein nodes that inhibit Wee1 at the medial cell cortex. Cdr2 node anchoring at the cell cortex is not fully understood.

Comparing the Effects of Traditional Education and Root-Cause Analysis on Nursing Students' Attitudes About Safety Culture and Knowledge of Safe Medication Administration Practices: An Experimental Study.

Background: Root-cause analysis (RCA) has been used for decades to support a culture of safety in health care institutions. Although RCA has been recommended for inclusion in a nursing curriculum, little research has been conducted on educational strategies or outcomes.

Purpose: The study aims were to compare differences in attitudes about safety culture and knowledge of safe medication administration after education about RCA (intervention) versus traditional safe medication administration education (control) and to provide psychometric data for the Safety Attitudes Questionnaire (SAQ) with nursing students.

Sequestration of the exocytic SNARE Psy1 into multiprotein nodes reinforces polarized morphogenesis in fission yeast.

Polarized morphogenesis is achieved by targeting or inhibiting growth in distinct regions. Rod-shaped fission yeast cells grow exclusively at their ends by restricting exocytosis and secretion to these sites. This growth pattern implies the existence of mechanisms that prevent exocytosis and growth along nongrowing cell sides.

Infected juvenile salmon can experience increased predation during freshwater migration.

Predation risk for animal migrants can be impacted by physical condition. Although size- or condition-based selection is often observed, observing infection-based predation is rare due to the difficulties in assessing infectious agents in predated samples. We examined predation of outmigrating sockeye salmon () smolts by bull trout () in south-central British Columbia, Canada.

Regulation of Cdc42 for polarized growth in budding yeast.

The Rho GTPase Cdc42 is a central regulator of cell polarity in diverse cell types. The activity of Cdc42 is dynamically controlled in time and space to enable distinct polarization events, which generally occur along a single axis in response to spatial cues. Our understanding of the mechanisms underlying Cdc42 polarization has benefited largely from studies of the budding yeast , a genetically tractable model organism.

How pathogens affect the marine habitat use and migration of sea trout (Salmo trutta) in two Norwegian fjord systems.

Wild fish are confronting changing pathogen dynamics arising from anthropogenic disturbance and climate change. Pathogens can influence animal behaviour and life histories, yet there are little such data from fish in the high north where pathogen dynamics may differ from comparatively southern regions. We aimed to compare the pathogen communities of 160 wild anadromous brown trout in two fjords in northern Norway and to determine whether pathogens influenced area use or return to spawn.

A rapid intrinsic heart rate resetting response with thermal acclimation in rainbow trout, .

We examined cardiac pacemaker rate resetting in rainbow trout following a reciprocal temperature transfer. In the original experiment, performed in winter, 4°C-acclimated fish transferred to 12°C reset intrinsic heart rate after just 1 h (from 56.8±1.

Impact of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality's Safety Program for Perinatal Care.

Background: The Safety Program for Perinatal Care (SPPC) seeks to improve safety on labor and delivery (L&D) units through three mutually reinforcing components: (1) fostering a culture of teamwork and communication, (2) applying safety science principles to care processes; and (3) in situ simulation. The objective of this study was to describe the SPPC implementation experience and evaluate the short-term impact on unit patient safety culture, processes, and adverse events.

Methods: We supported SPPC implementation by L&D units with a program toolkit, trainings, and technical assistance.

The shared role of the Rsr1 GTPase and Gic1/Gic2 in Cdc42 polarization.

The Cdc42 GTPase plays a central role in polarity development in many species. In budding yeast, Cdc42 is essential for polarized growth at the proper site and also for spontaneous cell polarization in the absence of spatial cues. Cdc42 polarization is critical for multiple events in the G1 phase prior to bud emergence, including bud-site assembly, polarization of the actin cytoskeleton, and septin filament assembly to form a ring at the new bud site.

Thiamine Levels in Muscle and Eggs of Adult Pacific Salmon from the Fraser River, British Columbia.

Multiple species and stocks of Pacific salmon Oncorhynchus spp. have experienced large declines in the number of returning adults over a wide region of the Pacific Northwest due to poor marine survival (low smolt-to-adult survival rates). One possible explanation for reduced survival is thiamine deficiency.

Fine-tuning the orientation of the polarity axis by Rga1, a Cdc42 GTPase-activating protein.

In yeast and animal cells, signaling pathways involving small guanosine triphosphatases (GTPases) regulate cell polarization. In budding yeast, selection of a bud site directs polarity establishment and subsequently determines the plane of cell division. Rga1, a Cdc42 GTPase-activating protein, prevents budding within the division site by inhibiting Cdc42 repolarization.

Capture severity, infectious disease processes and sex influence post-release mortality of sockeye salmon bycatch.

Bycatch is a common occurrence in heavily fished areas such as the Fraser River, British Columbia, where fisheries target returning adult Pacific salmon ( spp.) to spawning grounds. The extent to which these encounters reduce fish survival through injury and physiological impairment depends on multiple factors including capture severity, river temperature and infectious agents.

The Perinatal Birth Environment: Communication Strategies and Processes for Adherence to a Standardized Guideline in Women Undergoing Second-Stage Labor With Epidural Anesthesia.

Key to any perinatal safety initiative is buy-in and strong leadership from obstetric and pediatric providers, advanced practice nurses, and labor and delivery nurses in collaboration with ancillary staff. In the fall of 2007, executives of a large Midwestern hospital system created the Zero Birth Injury Initiative. This multidisciplinary group sought to eliminate birth injury using the Institute of Healthcare Improvement Perinatal Bundles.

Integrated Approach to Reduce Perinatal Adverse Events: Standardized Processes, Interdisciplinary Teamwork Training, and Performance Feedback.

Objective: To improve safety practices and reduce adverse events in perinatal units of acute care hospitals.

Data Sources: Primary data collected from perinatal units of 14 hospitals participating in the intervention between 2008 and 2012. Baseline secondary data collected from the same hospitals between 2006 and 2007.

Decreasing Malpractice Claims by Reducing Preventable Perinatal Harm.

Objective: To evaluate the association of improved patient safety practices with medical malpractice claims and costs in the perinatal units of acute care hospitals.

Data Sources: Malpractice and harm data from participating hospitals; litigation records and medical malpractice claims data from American Excess Insurance Exchange, RRG, whose data are managed by Premier Insurance Management Services, Inc. (owned by Premier Inc.

Training for teamwork through simulations.

simulations allow healthcare teams to practice teamwork and communication as well as clinical management skills in a team's usual work setting with typically available resources and equipment. The purpose of this video is to demonstrate how to plan and conduct simulation training sessions, with particular emphasis on how such training can be used to improve communication and teamwork. The video features an simulation conducted at a labour and delivery unit in response to postpartum hemorrhage.

Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation (BiFC) Analysis: Advances and Recent Applications for Genome-Wide Interaction Studies.

Complex protein networks are involved in nearly all cellular processes. To uncover these vast networks of protein interactions, various high-throughput screening technologies have been developed. Over the last decade, bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) assay has been widely used to detect protein-protein interactions (PPIs) in living cells.

Transcriptomic responses to high water temperature in two species of Pacific salmon.

Characterizing the cellular stress response (CSR) of species at ecologically relevant temperatures is useful for determining whether populations and species can successfully respond to current climatic extremes and future warming. In this study, populations of wild-caught adult pink (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) and sockeye (Oncorhynchus nerka) salmon from the Fraser River, British Columbia, Canada, were experimentally treated to ecologically relevant 'cool' or 'warm' water temperatures to uncover common transcriptomic responses to elevated water temperature in non-lethally sampled gill tissue. We detected the differential expression of 49 microarray features (29 unique annotated genes and one gene with unknown function) associated with protein folding, protein synthesis, metabolism, oxidative stress and ion transport that were common between populations and species of Pacific salmon held at 19°C compared with fish held at a cooler temperature (13 or 14°C).

A perinatal care quality and safety initiative: are there financial rewards for improved quality?

Background: Although costs of providing care may decrease with hospital initiatives to improve obstetric and neonatal outcomes, the accompanying reduced adverse outcomes may negatively affect hospital revenues.

Methods: In 2008 a Minnesota-based hospital system (Fairview Health Services) launched the Zero Birth Injury (ZBI) initiative, which used evidence-based care bundles to guide management of obstetric services. A pre-post analysis of financial impacts of ZBI was conducted by using hospital administrative records to measure costs and revenues associated with changes in maternal and neonatal birth injuries before (2008) and after (2009-2011) the initiative.