A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial of a Primary Care Provider-Delivered Social Media Counseling Intervention.

Purpose: Evidence and clinical policy support that providers screen and counsel for media use for youth, but most pediatricians lack this training. The purpose of this study was to test a primary care provider (PCP)-delivered intervention to promote safe social media use among youth.

Methods: We enrolled pediatric PCP practices for this clinical trial to test a social media counseling intervention (SMCI) between 2011 and 2013.

Cross-sectional online survey of clinicians' knowledge, attitudes and challenges to screening and counselling adolescents and young adults for substance use.

Objective: To examine adolescent healthcare clinicians' self-reported screening practices as well as their knowledge, attitudes, comfort level and challenges with screening and counselling adolescents and young adults (AYA) for cigarette, e-cigarette, alcohol, marijuana, hookah and blunt use.

Design: A 2016 cross-sectional survey.

Setting: Academic departments and community-based internal medicine, family medicine and paediatrics practices.

Receipt of Private Time Among Adolescents and Young Adults With and Without Special Healthcare Needs.

Purpose: Private time is an opportunity for the adolescent patient to speak directly to a healthcare provider and a marker of quality preventive health care. Little is known about whether adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with special healthcare needs (SHCNs) are afforded private discussions with their primary care clinicians.

Methods: We surveyed a nationally representative sample of 1,209 adolescents (13-18 years) and 709 young adults (19-26 years) about whether they had SHCNs and whether they had ever had private, one-on-one time with their healthcare providers.

Sexual and Reproductive Health Discussions During Preventive Visits.

Objectives: To quantify adolescent- and parent-perceived importance of provider-adolescent discussions about sexual and reproductive health (SRH), describe prevalence of provider confidentiality practices and provider-adolescent discussions about SRH topics during preventive visits, and identify missed opportunities for such conversations.

Methods: We used data from a national Internet survey of 11- to 17-year-old adolescents and their parents. Data were weighted to represent the noninstitutionalized US adolescent population.

Delivery and Impact of a Motivational Intervention for Smoking Cessation: A PROS Study.

Objectives: We tested a Public Health Service 5As-based clinician-delivered smoking cessation counseling intervention with adolescent smokers in pediatric primary care practice.

Methods: We enrolled clinicians from 120 practices and recruited youth (age ≥14) from the American Academy of Pediatrics Pediatric Research in Office Settings practice-based research network. Practices were randomly assigned to training in smoking cessation (intervention) or social media counseling (attentional control).

Understanding Primary Care Providers' Perceptions and Practices in Implementing Confidential Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health Services.

Purpose: Substantial gaps exist between professional guidelines and practice around confidential adolescent services, including private time between health-care providers and adolescents. Efforts to provide quality sexual and reproductive health services (SRHS) require an understanding of barriers and facilitators to care from the perspectives of primary care providers working with adolescents and their parents.

Methods: We conducted structured qualitative interviews with a purposive sample of pediatricians, family physicians, and nurse practitioners (n = 25) from urban and rural Minnesota communities with higher and lower rates of adolescent pregnancy.

The Unmet Need for Discussions Between Health Care Providers and Adolescents and Young Adults.

Purpose: The aims of the study were to identify factors related to (1) adolescents and young adults (AYA) desire to discuss health topics; (2) whether discussions occurred at their last medical visit; and (3) the gap (unmet need) between desire and actual discussion.

Methods: We used data from a nationally representative, cross-sectional online survey of AYA aged 13-26 years (n = 1,509) who had had a visit in the past 2 years. Bivariate analyses examined 11 topics.

Discussion of Potentially Sensitive Topics With Young People.

Objectives: To identify modifiable factors that facilitate discussion of potentially sensitive topics between health care providers and young people at preventive service visits after Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act implementation.

Methods: We used data from a national internet survey of adolescents and young adults (13-26 years old) in the United States. Questionnaire construction was guided by formative research and Fisher's Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills model.

Confidentiality Discussions and Private Time With a Health-Care Provider for Youth, United States, 2016.

Purpose: The objective of the study was to define factors associated with adolescent and young adult (AYA) experiences with private time and having discussed confidentiality and the impact of these experiences on improving delivery of clinical preventive services.

Methods: In 2016, a nationally representative sample of 1,918 US AYAs (13- to 26-year-olds) was surveyed. Survey questionnaire domains were based on prior research and Fishers' information-motivation-behavior skills conceptual model.

Parent and Adolescent Attitudes Towards Preventive Care and Confidentiality.

Purpose: Little is known about whether parents and adolescents agree in their attitudes towards preventive care, private time, and confidentiality for adolescent care.

Methods: We surveyed a nationally representative sample of 1,209 13-18 year-old U.S.

Pediatrician Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practice Related to Electronic Cigarettes.

Purpose: Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) have grown rapidly in popularity, creating concerns for pediatricians and families. Evaluating pediatricians' understanding of e-cigarettes is an important first step in effectively addressing these products in practice. This qualitative study assesses pediatricians' knowledge, attitudes, and current clinical practices related to e-cigarettes.

Maintenance of Certification Part 4 Credit and recruitment for practice-based research.

Background: Competing priorities in pediatric practice have created challenges for practice-based research. To increase recruitment success, researchers must design studies that provide added value to participants. This study evaluates recruitment of pediatricians into a study, before and after the development and addition of a quality improvement (QI) curriculum approved for American Board of Pediatrics Maintenance of Certification (MOC) Part 4 Credit as an enrollment incentive.