Serum concentrations of adiponectin and characterization of adiponectin protein complexes in dogs.

Objective: To assess serum concentrations of adiponectin and characterize adiponectin protein complexes in healthy dogs.

Animals: 11 healthy dogs.

Procedures: Sera collected from 10 dogs were evaluated via velocity sedimentation and ultracentrifugation, SDS-PAGE, western immunoblotting, and radioimmunoassay.

Endothelin-1 inhibits adiponectin secretion through a phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate/actin-dependent mechanism.

Adiponectin is an adipokine with profound insulin-sensitizing, anti-inflammatory, and anti-atherogenic properties. Plasma levels of adiponectin are reduced in insulin resistant states such as obesity, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. However, the mechanism(s) by which adiponectin concentrations are decreased during disease development is unclear.

Regulation of adiponectin secretion by endothelin-1.

Adiponectin is an adipocyte-derived hormone best known for its insulin-sensitizing ability. The expression and circulating concentration of adiponectin are decreased in type 2 diabetics and increase following treatment with thiazolidinediones. Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is a potent vasoconstrictor peptide whose levels are elevated in numerous disease states, including obesity and diabetes.

Endothelin-1 inhibits resistin secretion in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.

Resistin is an adipocyte-derived hormone whose role in the development of insulin resistance is controversial. Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is a 21 amino acid peptide demonstrated to possess vasoconstrictor, positive inotropic, mitogenic, and metabolic properties. In numerous disease states, including congestive heart failure, obesity, and diabetes, elevated levels of ET-1 have been reported and are thought to contribute to the pathology of the disease.