North American musculoskeletal ultrasound scanning protocol of the shoulder, elbow, wrist, and hand: update of a Delphi Consensus Study.

Introduction/objectives: There has been an increase in the proficiency and utilization of ultrasound among North American rheumatologists over the past decade. This study aims to create an updated upper extremity scanning protocol to inform ultrasound curriculum development for the American College of Rheumatology affiliated fellowship programs and guide clinical practice patterns in North America.

Method: Three Delphi survey rounds were used to reach consensus on tiered-mastery designations for scan views of the shoulder, elbow, wrist, and hand joints.

North American musculoskeletal ultrasound scanning protocol of the hip, knee, ankle, and foot: update of a Delphi consensus study.

Background/objective: A North American rheumatology consensus on tiered-mastery designation for anatomic views was developed in 2011 for course and fellowship teaching. This study updates the lower extremity joint scanning protocols aiming to inform musculoskeletal ultrasound curriculum development for the American College of Rheumatology affiliated Fellowship Programs.

Methods: Three Delphi rounds were conducted to reach consensus for tiered-level mastery designation for hip, knee, ankle, and foot scanning views.

Atypical manifestations of sarcoidosis in a Hispanic male.

Sarcoidosis is a multisystem granulomatous disease of unknown etiology that can present with nonspecific features, often resulting in delayed diagnosis. The diagnosis requires the demonstration of non-caseating granulomas on biopsy. While the prevalence of sarcoidosis in the USA is rare, the disease is rarer yet in Hispanics.

Musculoskeletal Ultrasound Scanning Protocol Consensus Statements on Scanning Conventions and Documentation in the US.

Objective: European rheumatology and radiology-determined standards have largely driven the execution of ultrasound in rheumatology (RhUS). How this translates to American rheumatologic practice has not been examined. A rheumatology-driven consensus on documentation, scanning conventions, and tiered-mastery designation for anatomic region views was developed in 2011 and served as the framework for training and clinical research validation.