Publications by authors named "Krishnaswamy Sampathkumar"

Background: This study aims to evaluate the technical and clinical outcomes of endovascular treatment for failed native hemodialysis fistulas, mainly the role of balloon angioplasty in salvaging thrombosed and stenosed arteriovenous fistulas.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study was done on 23 patients who had presented with non-functioning dialysis fistulas. The mean age of the patients was 58.

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Introduction: Heparin continues to be the most common modality of anticoagulation in CRRT. The increased risk of hemorrhagic complications associated with its use led to the emergence of regional citrate anticoagulation (RCA) as an alternative. However, the perceived complexities associated with its use and the risk of metabolic derangements have prevented it from being adopted on a larger scale.

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Aim: This cross-sectional survey aimed to determine the prevalence of Interventional Nephrology (IN) practice amongst nephrologists in the Asia-Pacific Region (APR), specifically related to dialysis access (DA).

Methods: The Association of VA and intervenTionAl Renal physicians (AVATAR) Foundation from India conducted a multinational online survey amongst nephrologists from the Asia-Pacific to determine the practice of IN in the planning, creation, and management of dialysis access. The treatment modalities, manpower and equipment availability, monthly cost of treatment, specifics of dialysis access interventions, and challenges in the training and practice of IN by nephrologists were included in the survey.

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Article Synopsis
  • Haptoglobin (HP) is a protein that binds to free hemoglobin, protecting against iron loss and kidney damage, with genetic variations influencing health outcomes, specifically linked to chronic kidney disease (CKD) in different populations.
  • A study on a South Indian cohort involving 392 CKD patients and 202 healthy individuals found that the HP2-2 genotype significantly increased the risk of developing nondialysis CKD and end-stage renal disease (ESRD), indicating a higher frequency of this genotype relates to worse health outcomes.
  • The findings suggest the HP2-2 polymorphism is a strong independent predictor of CKD incidence, progression, and mortality, emphasizing its relevance for patient prognosis in the affected population.
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Background: Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) on dialysis are at high risk of cardiovascular complications and mortality. We investigated the prognostic role of presence and severity of abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) detected by a simple lateral lumbar X-ray as a risk marker in CAPD.

Materials And Methods: A prospective study was undertaken in 45 patients on CAPD (continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis).

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Tunneled hemodialysis catheters are the lifeline to patients on maintenance hemodialysis with failed arteriovenous fistulas. However, thrombosis and infection are the main causes of reduced longevity of these accesses. According to IDSA guidelines, catheter-related infection with Pseudomonas and fungi are absolute indications for catheter removal.

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Background: Peritoneal dialysis (PD) as a modality of kidney replacement therapy (KRT) is largely underutilized globally. We analyzed PD utilization, impact of economic status, projected growth and impact of state policy(s) on PD growth in South Asia and Southeast Asia (SA&SEA) region.

Methods: The National Nephrology Societies of the region responded to a questionnaire on KRT practices.

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Article Synopsis
  • Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a leading cause of early mortality globally and is linked to genetic factors, particularly variants of Glutathione S-Transferases (GSTs).
  • A study involving 392 CKD patients and 202 healthy individuals from Southern India was conducted to investigate the relationship between GST polymorphisms and CKD progression.
  • Results indicated that the GSTM1-null genotype significantly increases the risk of developing CKD and progressing to end-stage renal disease (ESRD), suggesting its potential as a genetic marker for disease severity.
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Background: Diabetic kidney disease is the leading cause of stage 5 chronic kidney disease (CKD) in India. Renal replacement therapy (RRT) is accessible to very few patients because of socioeconomic deprivation. We studied the effect of diabetes and socioeconomic status on the outcome of patients on maintenance hemodialysis (MHD).

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India has one of the fastest growing economies in the world and is home to nearly one sixth of world's population. Chronic diseases such as diabetes mellitus and hypertension are common. Kidney disease is a known complication of these chronic diseases and is on the rise.

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Granulomatous interstitial nephritis (GIN) is an uncommon form of acute interstitial nephritis. We report a young male who presented to us with a rapidly progressing renal failure and massive proteinuria. A renal biopsy revealed GIN, and we were able to demonstrate the presence of tuberculous DNA in the biopsy specimen.

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Hair dye poisoning has been emerging as one of the important causes of intentional self harm in the developing world. Hair dyes contain paraphenylene-diamine and a host of other chemicals that can cause rhabdomyolysis, laryngeal edema, severe metabolic acidosis and acute renal failure. Intervention at the right time has been shown to improve the outcome.

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Background: Several Renin Angiotensin System (RAS) polymorphisms alter the homeostasis to an abnormal state. Similarly, other genes such as Nephrin (NPHS1) and Podocin (NPHS2) contribute to the loss of renal function during renal diseases. In Indian population, studies in RAS and other renal specific gene polymorphisms in Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) patients are scanty.

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Hyperphosphatemia is an important modifiable risk factor in the dialysis population because it is linked to increased mortality. Existing phosphate-reducing agents either increase the risk of vascular calcification or are costly with high pill burden. Niacin shows promise as a cheap drug with low pill burden and a novel mode of action.

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Urinary tract infections are common following renal transplant. The spectrum varies from asymptomatic bacteriuria to septicemia. Gas-producing infections of the urinary tract are rare but tend to have a grave prognosis when they do occur.

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Background: Hyperphosphatemia is common in hemodialysis patients. Recent animal studies show that nicotinamide inhibits the sodium dependent phosphate co-transport in the small intestine and thereby reduces serum phosphorus levels. Nicotinic acid which is the prodrug of nicotinamide is widely used as antihyperlipidemic agent.

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