The Potential for Advanced Magnetic Resonance Neuroimaging Techniques in Pediatric Stroke Research.

Background: This article was written to provide clinicians and researchers with an overview of a number of advanced neuroimaging techniques in an effort to promote increased utility and the design of future studies using advanced neuroimaging in childhood stroke. The current capabilities of advanced magnetic resonance imaging techniques provide the opportunity to build on our knowledge of the consequences of stroke on the developing brain. These capabilities include providing information about the physiology, metabolism, structure, and function of the brain that are not routinely evaluated in the clinical setting.

An Algorithm for the Use of Embolic Protection During Atherectomy for Femoral Popliteal Lesions.

Objectives: This study sought to identify an algorithm for the use of distal embolic protection on the basis of angiographic lesion morphology and vascular anatomy for patients undergoing atherectomy for femoropopliteal lesions.

Background: Atherectomy has been shown to create more embolic debris than angioplasty alone. Distal embolic protection has been shown to be efficacious in capturing macroemboli; however, no consensus exists for the appropriate lesions to use distal embolic protection during atherectomy.

Homozygous mutation in PRUNE1 in an Oji-Cree male with a complex neurological phenotype.

The PRUNE1 gene encodes a member of the phosphoesterases (DHH) protein superfamily that is highly expressed in the human fetal brain and involved in the regulation of cell migration. Homozygous or compound heterozygous PRUNE1 mutations were recently identified in five individuals with brain malformations from four families. We present a case of a 2-year-old male with a complex neurological phenotype and abnormalities on brain MRI.

Antiviral Activity and Resistance Profile of the Next-Generation Hepatitis C Virus NS5A Inhibitor Pibrentasvir.

Pibrentasvir (ABT-530) is a novel and pan-genotypic hepatitis C virus (HCV) NS5A inhibitor with 50% effective concentration (EC) values ranging from 1.4 to 5.0 pM against HCV replicons containing NS5A from genotypes 1 to 6.

"Association of periodontopathic anaerobic bacterial co-occurrence to atherosclerosis" - A cross-sectional study.

Background: Epidemiological studies have shown a link between periodontitis and atherosclerosis. Hence the present study was chosen to assess the presence of eight anaerobic periodontal pathogens and their virulence genes in subgingival plaque (SGP) and atheromatous plaque (AP) of patients with Ischaemic heart disease.

Methods: SGP and AP collected from 65 Ischaemic heart disease patients were screened for the presence of periodontal bacterial pathogens by Polymerase chain reaction.

Emergency department interventions for persons with dementia presenting with ambulatory care-sensitive conditions: a scoping review protocol.

The objective of this scoping review is to examine and map, within existing literature, the characteristics of emergency department/urgent care interventions, strategies or contextual factors, implemented to reduce unnecessary hospitalization of people with dementia (PWD) presenting at the emergency department/urgent care with ambulatory care-sensitive conditions (ACSC).More specifically, the review questions are.

Concept analysis of good death in long term care residents.

The purpose of this concept analysis paper is to delineate the meaning of good death in long term care (LTC) settings and examine its implications for nursing. The Walker and Avant (2011) method was chosen for this analysis. An in depth literature review identifies uses of the concept and determines the defining attributes of the good death.

Draft genome sequence of an O25:H4-ST131 Escherichia coli harbouring bla on an IncHI3 plasmid: A first report.

Carbapenem resistance conferred by New Delhi metallo-β-lactamases is mediated by plasmids of diverse incompatibility types harboured by different lineages of Enterobacteriaceae. In this study, we report the draft genome sequence of a ST131 Escherichia coli harbouring the bla gene on an IncHI3 plasmid.

Microstructural, textural, and sensory properties of whole-wheat noodle modified by enzymes and emulsifiers.

With the utilization of enzymes including endoxylanase, glucose oxidase (GOX) and transglutaminase (TG), and emulsifiers comprising sodium stearoyl lactate (SSL) and soy lecithin, the microstructural, textural, and sensory properties of whole-wheat noodle (WWN) were modified. The development time and stability of whole-wheat dough (WWD) were enhanced by TG due to the formation of a more compact gluten network, and by SSL resulting from the enhanced gluten strength. Microstructure graphs by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) verified that TG and SSL promoted the connectivity of gluten network and the coverage of starch granules in WWN.

Plausible Role of Acute HIV Infection Mediated Immune Activation in Causing Renal Allograft Rejection: A Case Report.

Current research states that AIDS pathogenesis has its roots in a chronic activation of immune system secondary to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-induced proliferation of T cells, B cells, NK cells, and macrophages. Immune activation due to acute HIV infection can be highly detrimental to allograft survival in a renal transplant recipient. In this report, we describe a 32-year-old African-American male patient who underwent a second live donor renal transplant, following which he developed acute allograft rejection coincident with newly acquired HIV seropositivity.

Intracoronary Imaging, Cholesterol Efflux, and Transcriptomes After Intensive Statin Treatment: The YELLOW II Study.

Background: Despite extensive evidence demonstrating the beneficial effects of statins on clinical outcomes, the mechanisms underlying these effects remain elusive.

Objectives: This study assessed changes in plaque morphology using intravascular imaging, with a comprehensive evaluation of cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) and peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) transcriptomics in patients receiving high-dose statin therapy.

Methods: In a prospective study, 85 patients with stable coronary artery disease underwent percutaneous coronary intervention for a culprit lesion, followed by intracoronary multimodality imaging, including optical coherence tomography (OCT) of an obstructive nonculprit lesion.

Dangers of flying high and diving low! An unusual case of dyspnea.

Giant bullae are bullae that occupy at least 30 percent of a hemi thorax. This condition can rarely be idiopathic and not usually suspected in young patients with no risk factors. We describe a case of a giant solitary pulmonary bulla in a healthy young female with no known risk factors.

Osteocutaneous bone flap - a useful variant of the osteoplastic flap in pediatric patients.

Traditional teaching describes two types of bone flaps in craniotomies - 'free bone flap' and osteoplastic craniotomies. While in the former, the entire bone flap devoid of soft tissue attachments is removed, in the latter the bone flap that is turned is hinged on a pedicle of temporalis muscle with the aim of retaining its vascular supply. We describe a variant of the latter in 13 pediatric patients in whom the lower margin of the craniotomy was above the attachment of the temporalis muscle and where the bone flap was lifted with all the layers of the scalp including the skin and galea, highlighting the thought process behind its performance and the advantages of the same.

Discovery of fluorobenzimidazole HCV NS5A inhibitors.

Research toward a next-generation HCV NS5A inhibitor has identified fluorobenzimidazole analogs that demonstrate potent, broad-genotype in vitro activity against HCV genotypes 1-6 replicons as well as HCV NS5A variants that are orders of magnitude less susceptible to inhibition by first-generation NS5A inhibitors in comparison to wild-type replicons. The fluorobenzimidazole inhibitors have improved pharmacokinetic properties in comparison to non-fluorinated benzimidazole analogs. Discovery of these inhibitors was facilitated by exploring SAR in a structurally simplified inhibitor series.

Piwi-interacting RNAs and PIWI genes as novel prognostic markers for breast cancer.

Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs), whose role in germline maintenance has been established, are now also being classified as post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression in somatic cells. PIWI proteins, central to piRNA biogenesis, have been identified as genetic and epigenetic regulators of gene expression. piRNAs/PIWIs have emerged as potential biomarkers for cancer but their relevance to breast cancer has not been comprehensively studied.

Profiling of Small Nucleolar RNAs by Next Generation Sequencing: Potential New Players for Breast Cancer Prognosis.

One of the most abundant, yet least explored, classes of RNA is the small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs), which are well known for their involvement in post-transcriptional modifications of other RNAs. Although snoRNAs were only considered to perform housekeeping functions for a long time, recent studies have highlighted their importance as regulators of gene expression and as diagnostic/prognostic markers. However, the prognostic potential of these RNAs has not been interrogated for breast cancer (BC).

Genome-wide profiling of transfer RNAs and their role as novel prognostic markers for breast cancer.

Transfer RNAs (tRNAs, key molecules in protein synthesis) have not been investigated as potential prognostic markers in breast cancer (BC), despite early findings of their dysregulation and diagnostic potential. We aim to comprehensively profile tRNAs from breast tissues and to evaluate their role as prognostic markers (Overall Survival, OS and Recurrence Free Survival, RFS). tRNAs were profiled from 11 normal breast and 104 breast tumor tissues using next generation sequencing.