Cardiovascular and mortality outcomes with GLP-1 receptor agonists vs other glucose-lowering drugs in individuals with NAFLD and type 2 diabetes: a large population-based matched cohort study.

Aims/hypothesis: We aimed to determine whether the use of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) in individuals with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus decreases the risk of new-onset adverse cardiovascular events (CVEs) and mortality rate compared with other glucose-lowering drugs in a real setting at a population level.

Methods: We conducted a population-based propensity-matched retrospective cohort study using TriNetX. The cohort comprised patients over 20 years old who were newly treated with glucose-lowering drugs between 1 January 2013 and 31 December 2021, and followed until 30 September 2022.

Aspirin is associated with a reduced incidence of liver disease in men.

Background: The hepatoprotective effects of aspirin have been observed in individuals with viral hepatitis; however, its impact on the general population remains uncertain. Understanding the association between aspirin use and the development of liver diseases is crucial for optimizing preventive strategies.

Methods: We identified individuals with aspirin use in the UK Biobank and the Penn Medicine Biobank, as well as propensity-score-matched controls.

Therapeutic potential of curcumin and its nanoformulations for treating oral cancer.

The global incidence of oral cancer has steadily increased in recent years and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Oral cancer is the most common cancer in the head and neck region, and is predominantly of epithelial origin ( squamous cell carcinoma). Oral cancer treatment modalities mainly include surgery with or without radiotherapy and chemotherapy.

Association of Statin Use With Risk of Liver Disease, Hepatocellular Carcinoma, and Liver-Related Mortality.

Importance: Given the burden of chronic liver disease on the health care system, more information on the hepatoprotective association of statins in the general population is needed.

Objective: To examine whether regular statin use is associated with a reduction in liver disease, particularly hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and liver-related deaths, in the general population.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cohort study used data from the UK Biobank (UKB) (individuals aged 37-73 years) collected from baseline (2006-2010) to the end of follow-up in May 2021, from the TriNetX cohort (individuals aged 18-90 years) enrolled from baseline (2011-2020) until end of follow-up in September 2022, and from the Penn Medicine Biobank (PMBB) (individuals aged 18-102 years) with ongoing enrollment starting in 2013 to the end of follow-up in December 2020.

Glucagon-Like Peptide 1-Based Therapies and Risk of Pancreatic Cancer in Patients With Diabetes and Obesity.

Objectives: There have been conflicting reports concerning an increased risk of pancreatic cancer (PC) in new users of glucagon-like peptide-1 agonists (GLP-1As). We aimed to explore whether the use of GLP-1A is associated with an increased risk of PC.

Methods: A multicenter, retrospective cohort study was conducted using TriNetX.

Cardiovascular Outcomes and Mortality After Bariatric Surgery in Patients With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Obesity.

Importance: Bariatric surgery (BS) is associated with significantly reduced incidence of cardiovascular diseases and mortality in patients with obesity. However, whether BS can decrease major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) remains poorly understood.

Objective: To investigate the association of BS with the incidence of adverse cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality in patients with NAFLD and obesity.

Risk of pancreatic cancer in individuals with celiac disease in the United States: A population-based matched cohort study.

Background: Celiac disease (CD) has been associated with gastrointestinal malignancies. However, the magnitude of the risk of pancreatic cancer (PC) associated with CD is much less clear, and risks have not been estimated from large populations.

Aim: To assess the risk of PC in CD patients.

Impact of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease on clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19 among persons living with HIV: A multicenter research network study.

Background: People living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH) are at an increased risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) but how these patients react to COVID-19 infection is unclear. We examined the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with and without nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) among people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH) diagnosed with COVID-19.

Methods: A multicenter, retrospective cohort study was conducted using TriNetX.

Risk of adverse cardiovascular outcomes among people with HIV and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Objective: To examine and compare the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) between people with HIV (PWH) with and without nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

Design: Population-based, multicenter, retrospective cohort study.

Methods: Data on PWH between January 1, 2008, and December 31, 2020 were extracted from the TriNetX database.

Clinical characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 in patients with autoimmune hepatitis: A population-based matched cohort study.

Background: Patients with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) require life-long immunosuppressive agents that may increase the risk of poor coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outcomes. There is a paucity of large data at the population level to assess whether patients with AIH have an increased risk of severe diseases.

Aim: To evaluate the impact of pre-existing AIH on the clinical outcomes of patients with COVID-19.

Endoscopic management of gastrointestinal wall defects, fistula closure, and stent fixation using through-the-scope tack and suture system.

BACKGROUND : Multiple devices are available for tissue approximation. A new through-the-scope suturing (TTSS) device has recently been introduced; however, data on its scope of use and clinical effectiveness are limited. We aimed to assess the clinical course and effectiveness of this TTSS device.

Use of a novel endoscopic tack and suture system for the management of pancreatocolonic fistula.

Video 1Use of a novel endoscopic tack and suture system for the management of pancreatocolonic fistula.

MELD or MELD-Na as a Predictive Model for Mortality Following Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt Placement.

Background And Aim: The model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) was originally developed to predict survival after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS). The MELD-sodium (MELD-Na) score has replaced MELD for organ allocation for liver transplantation. However, there are limited studies to compare the MELD with MELD-Na to predict mortality after TIPS.

Risk of Severe Illness and Risk Factors of Outcomes of COVID-19 in Hospitalized Patients with Chronic Liver Disease in a Major U. S. Hospital Network.

Methods: We studied 2731 patients with known CLD who were hospitalized at the Johns Hopkins Health System with COVID-19 between March 1, 2020, and December 15, 2021. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality, and secondary outcomes were MV and vasopressors. Multivariable Cox regression models were performed to explore factors associated with the outcomes.

Longitudinal assessment of liver stiffness by transient elastography for chronic hepatitis C patients.

Background: Liver fibrosis is a common pathway of liver injury and is a feature of most chronic liver diseases. Fibrosis progression varies markedly in patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV). Liver stiffness has been recommended as a parameter of fibrosis progression/regression in patients with HCV.

Validation of the accuracy of the FAST™ score for detecting patients with at-risk nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) in a North American cohort and comparison to other non-invasive algorithms.

Background And Aims: Management of patients with NASH who are at elevated risk of progressing to complications of cirrhosis (at-risk NASH) would be enhanced by an accurate, noninvasive diagnostic test. The new FAST™ score, a combination of FibroScan® parameters liver stiffness measurement (LSM) and controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), has shown good diagnostic accuracy for at-risk NASH (area-under-the-Receiver-Operating-Characteristic [AUROC] = 0.80) in European cohorts.

Abnormal liver chemistries as a predictor of COVID-19 severity and clinical outcomes in hospitalized patients.

Background: Abnormal liver chemistries are common findings in patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, the association of these abnormalities with the severity of COVID-19 and clinical outcomes is poorly understood.

Aim: We aimed to assess the prevalence of elevated liver chemistries in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and compare the serum liver chemistries to predict the severity and in-hospital mortality.