Paediatric mild head injury: is routine admission to a tertiary trauma hospital necessary?

Background: Previous studies have shown that children with isolated linear skull fractures have excellent clinical outcomes and low risk of surgery. We wish to identify other injury patterns within the spectrum of paediatric mild head injury, which need only conservative management. Children with low risk of evolving neurosurgical lesions could be safely managed in primary hospitals.

Polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies for treating acute rejection episodes in kidney transplant recipients.

Background: Registry data shows that the incidence of acute rejection has been steadily falling. Approximately 10% to 35% of kidney recipients will undergo treatment for at least one episode of acute rejection within the first post-transplant year. Treatment options include pulsed steroid therapy, the use of an antibody preparation, the alteration of background immunosuppression, or combinations of these options.

Resolution of conformer-specific all-trans-1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene UV absorption spectra.

All-trans-1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (ttt-DPH) exists in solution as a mixture of s-trans,s-trans and s-cis,s-trans conformers. The latter is higher in energy, and its contribution increases with increasing temperature. ttt-DPH UV absorption spectra broaden with increasing temperature and undergo blue shifts with decreasing polarizability.

Photoisomerization of cis,cis- to trans,trans-1,4-diaryl-1,3-butadienes in the solid state: the bicycle-pedal mechanism.

The photoisomerizations of crystalline or powdered cis,cis-1,4-diphenyl- and 1,4-di(o-tolyl)-1,3-butadienes (cc-DPB and cc-DTB) to the trans,trans isomers were studied at room temperature. The progress of the reactions was monitored by fluorescence spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, (1)H NMR, and high-performance liquid chromatography. Conversions to the trans,trans isomers were as high as 90% for cc-DPB and 20% for cc-DTB.

Photoisomerization of cis,cis-1,4-diphenyl-1,3-butadiene in glassy media at 77 K: the bicycle-pedal mechanism.

The cis-trans photoisomerization of cis,cis-1,4-diphenyl-1,3-butadiene in a soft isopentane glass at 77 K gives significant two-bond photoisomerization in contrast to solution and hard glassy media where only one-bond photoisomerization takes place.

Photoisomerization of cis,cis-1,4-diphenyl-1,3-butadiene in the solid state: the bicycle-pedal mechanism.

The cis-trans photoisomerization of crystalline or powdered cis,cis-1,4-diphenyl-1,3-butadiene (cc-DPB) was studied at room temperature. The progress of the reaction was monitored by fluorescence spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, 1H NMR and HPLC. High conversions (up to 90%) to the trans,trans isomer were observed in a crystal to crystal reaction.

Photoisomerization of cis-1-(2-naphthyl)-2-phenylethene in methylcyclohexane at 77 K: no hula-twist.

The cis-trans photoisomerization of cis-1-(2-naphthyl)-2-phenylethene (c-NPEA and c-NPEB) was studied in methylcyclohexane glass at 77 K. The progress of the reaction was followed by fluorescence spectroscopy. Formation of the extended trans conformer (t-NPEB) is revealed by the growth of sharp vibronic bands on the broad structureless fluorescence spectrum of c-NPE.