Strandedness during cDNA synthesis, the stranded parameter in htseq-count and analysis of RNA-Seq data.

RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) is a complicated protocol, both in the laboratory in generation of data and at the computer in analysis of results. Several decisions during RNA-Seq library construction have important implications for analysis, most notably strandedness during complementary DNA library construction. Here, we clarify bioinformatic decisions related to strandedness in both alignment of DNA sequencing reads to reference genomes and subsequent determination of transcript abundance.

Paternal Exposure to Carbamazepine Impacts Zebrafish Offspring Reproduction Over Multiple Generations.

Chronic low-concentration chemical exposures may have both direct health outcomes on adults and indirect effects on their offspring. Using zebrafish, we examined the impacts of chronic, low-concentration carbamazepine (CBZ) exposure on a suite of male reproductive endpoints in the parents and four generations of offspring reared in clean water. CBZ is one of the most frequently detected pharmaceutical residues in water, is a histone deacetylase inhibitor in mammals, and is reported to lower androgens in mammals and fish.

Parental gemfibrozil exposure impacts zebrafish F offspring, but not subsequent generations.

Gemfibrozil (GEM) is a fibrate lipid regulator and one of the most commonly occurring fresh water pharmaceuticals. The negative effects of fibrates including GEM on fish reproduction have been frequently reported including effects of F GEM exposure on reproduction of the unexposed F offspring. We predicted that chronic, direct exposure of zebrafish with low concentrations of GEM would adversely affect parental male reproduction and unexposed offspring for multiple generations.

Cryptococcal Meningitis in a HIV Seronegative Patient: A Rare Complication of Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak Detected with a New Cisternographic Technique.

Immune deficiency is usually the underlying predisposing factor for cryptococcal meningitis, though there have been case reports of immunocompetent patients presenting with same. The portal of entry for is the respiratory tract, and by hematogenous spread, it causes systemic symptoms. The presence of CSF leak is described to have predisposed our immunocompetent patient to infection by this organism possibly through direct spread.

Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamases Producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae: A Multi-Centric Study Across Karnataka.

Background: There are sporadic reports on detection of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) producers from Karnataka; hence, this is a first multicentric study across Karnataka state to determine the prevalence of ESBL production among clinical isolates of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae.

Aims And Objectives: To determine the prevalence of ESBL producing clinical isolates of E. coli and K.

Pulsed-dye laser for treating ecchymoses after facial cosmetic procedures.

Objective: To assess the safety and efficacy of a 595-nm pulsed-dye laser in the treatment of ecchymoses after facial cosmetic procedures.

Methods: Twenty consecutive patients with ecchymoses after facial cosmetic procedures underwent treatment with the pulsed-dye laser. A 10-mm spot size was used, with pulse duration of 6 milliseconds, fluence of 6 J/cm(2), and cryogen spray for 30 milliseconds with a 20-millisecond delay.

Postoperative hemorrhage with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use after tonsillectomy: a meta-analysis.

Objective: To use standard meta-analysis techniques to determine the risk of postoperative hemorrhage associated with the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) after tonsillectomy.

Data Sources: The MEDLINE database (1966-2001) restricted to the English language was searched using the keywords tonsillectomy, hemorrhage, analgesics, and NSAID in various combinations. Additionally, published articles were cross-referenced.

Rickettsialpox in a patient with HIV infection.

We describe the first case of rickettsialpox in a patient infected with HIV. Immunohistochemical staining of biopsied lesions showed a relatively large number of rickettsiae within the papulovesicular rash. Rickettsialpox is easily treated and may resemble more serious cutaneous eruptions in patients infected with HIV.

Differential effects of short-chain fatty acids on head and neck squamous carcinoma cells.

Objectives/hypothesis: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a major cause of mortality. Despite advances in therapeutic modalities, recurrences and second primaries are commonly observed. Biological agents that can suppress growth of tumors that are otherwise difficult to treat are greatly needed.