Possible high risk of transmission of the Nipah virus in South and South East Asia: a review.

Nipah virus (NiV) is a zoonotic, single-stranded RNA virus from the family Paramyxoviridae, genus Henipavirus. NiV is a biosafety-level-4 pathogen that is mostly spread by Pteropus species, which serve as its natural reservoir host. NiV is one of the major public health challenges in South and South East Asia.

Environmental Determinants of Malaria Prevalence and the Adaptation Strategies in Western Nepal.

Background: Current literatures seem devoted only on relating climate change with malaria. Overarching all possible environmental determinants of malaria prevalence addressed by scanty literature in Nepal is found apposite research at this moment. This study aims to explore the environmental determinants of malaria prevalence in western Nepal.

Estimation of household health cost and climate adaptation cost with its health related determinants: empirical evidences from western Nepal.

Limited evidence is available concerning the household-level costs of prevailing diseases and the potential cost of climate adaptation in Nepal. This study estimates these costs and assesses the relationships between prevalent diseases and climate adaptation at the household level using survey data from 420 households. An ingredients-based approach was used to estimate the cost of health and adaptation, and a Probit regression model was used to analyze the relationship between prevalent diseases and climate adaptation costs.

An economic analysis of malaria elimination program in Nepal.

Background: Governments have committed to eliminate malaria. But a decline in government investment in malaria interventions, particularly in developing countries such as Nepal, reveals a limited emphasis on malaria elimination that may be due to lack of strong evidence on benefits of the investment. This paper empirically analyses curative and preventive costs and benefits of Nepal's malaria elimination program from the perspectives of both service providers in the public sector and people who are at risk.

Beyond Smoking: Environmental Determinants of Asthma Prevalence in Western Nepal.

Background: Asthma is widely prevalent in Nepal, but the causes are not well known aside from some general associations with ambient air pollution and microbial exposures. Information on the wide-ranging determinants of asthma prevalence among the population at risk can help policy makers to reduce risk.

Objective: The present study is a preliminary investigation of the environmental, socioeconomic and behavioral determinants of asthma prevalence in western Nepal.

Effects of population, land cover change, and climatic variability on wetland resource degradation in a Ramsar listed Ghodaghodi Lake Complex, Nepal.

Wetlands support livelihoods of millions of people in developing countries. However, wetland land cover change, as a result of growing population and subsequent anthropogenic activities, has been evident at a global scale, and ongoing micro-climate alteration has further deteriorating its ecological condition. Nepal is equally vulnerable to wetland changes that can have direct effects on the sustenance of local wetland-dependent people.

Vulnerability and impacts of climate change on forest and freshwater wetland ecosystems in Nepal: A review.

Climate change (CC) threatens ecosystems in both developed and developing countries. As the impacts of CC are pervasive, global, and mostly irreversible, it is gaining worldwide attention. Here we review vulnerability and impacts of CC on forest and freshwater wetland ecosystems.

Cheaper fuel and higher health costs among the poor in rural Nepal.

Biomass fuels are used by the majority of resource poor households in low-income countries. Though biomass fuels, such as dung-briquette and firewood are apparently cheaper than the modern fuels indoor pollution from burning biomass fuels incurs high health costs. But, the health costs of these conventional fuels, mostly being indirect, are poorly understood.