Self-Supported Mn-NiSe Electrocatalysts for Water and Urea Electrolysis for Energy-Saving Hydrogen Production.

Recently, there has been a huge research interest in developing robust, efficient, low-cost, and earth-abundant materials for water and urea electrolysis for hydrogen (H) generation. Herein, we demonstrate the facile hydrothermal synthesis of self-supported Mn-NiSe on Ni foam for overall water splitting under wide pH conditions. With the optimized concentration of Mn in NiSe, the overpotential for hydrogen evolution, oxygen evolution, and urea oxidation is significantly reduced by an enhanced electrochemical active surface area.

2D Monolayer Catalysts: Towards Efficient Water Splitting and Green Hydrogen Production.

A viable alternative to non-renewable hydrocarbon fuels is hydrogen gas, created using a safe, environmentally friendly process like water splitting. An important role in water-splitting applications is played by the development of two-dimensional (2D) layered transition metal chalcogenides (TMDCs), transition metal carbides (MXenes), graphene-derived 2D layered nanomaterials, phosphorene, and hexagonal boron nitride. Advanced synthesis methods and characterization instruments enabled an effective application for improved electrocatalytic water splitting and sustainable hydrogen production.

Efficacy and safety of mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors following intestinal and multivisceral transplantation.

This is a descriptive study reviewing the outcomes of mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors (mTORs) in intestinal (IT) and multivisceral transplantation (MVT). This study included 22 patients, 20 adults, and two children, and an overall mean age of 46 years old at the time of transplantation. Twelve patients (54.

Mechanical Ventilation and Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Case-Control Analysis of Clinical Characteristics, Lung Mechanics, and Mortality.

Objectives: To investigate the differences in clinical course, ventilator mechanics, and outcomes of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 secondary to acute respiratory distress syndrome infection compared with a historical cohort of acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Design: Comparative case-control study.

Setting: Multicenter, comprehensive tertiary healthcare facility in Detroit, MI.

A Review of Vitamin D in Spinal Surgery: Deficiency Screening, Treatment, and Outcomes.

In this review, we discuss the demonstrated value of vitamin D in bone maintenance, fracture resistance, spinal health, and spine surgery outcomes. Despite this, the effect of vitamin D levels in spine surgery has not been well described. Through this review of literature, several conclusions were drawn.

Minimally Invasive Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion: Comparison of Isthmic Versus Degenerative Spondylolisthesis.

Background: Minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MIS TLIF) is a common surgical procedure for treatment of degenerative spondylolisthesis (DS) but remains controversial for treatment of isthmic spondylolisthesis (IS). Few studies have compared IS and DS outcomes after MIS TLIF. Therefore, the objective of the current study was to compare outcomes of patients with IS and DS after MIS TLIF.

Minimally Invasive Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion: Comparison of Grade I Versus Grade II Isthmic Spondylolisthesis.

Background: Minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MIS-TLIF) is often used to treat low-grade isthmic spondylolisthesis (IS). No studies have compared surgical outcomes for grade I and II IS following MIS-TLIF. Therefore, the objective of the current study was to compare outcomes between patients with grade I and II IS following MIS-TLIF.

Trichloroacetic acid model to accurately capture the efficacy of treatments for postinflammatory hyperpigmentation.

Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) occurs following cutaneous injury and is common following resolution of acne especially in patients with skin of color. The objective of this study was to further validate a trichloroacetic acid (TCA)-induced PIH model and compare it to acne-induced PIH using topical bakuchiol, a botanical extract that has been shown to have antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiacne properties. A prospective, non-randomized clinical trial was conducted on subjects with skin phototypes IV-VI with a history of acne-induced PIH.

Scalp-to-toes application of permethrin for patients with scabies.

Scabies is an infestation of Sarcoptes scabiei resulting in intensely pruritic erythematous papules tipped with hemorrhagic crusts. Current guidelines and medication labels instruct application of topical permethrin 5% cream from neck down for treatment of adult patients with scabies. Although scalp and head involvement are observed in infants, it is rare in older children and adults.

Assessing Online Patient Education Readability for Spine Surgery Procedures.

Background Context: Increased patient reliance on Internet-based health information has amplified the need for comprehensible online patient education articles. As suggested by the American Medical Association and National Institute of Health, spine fusion articles should be written for a 4th-6th-grade reading level to increase patient comprehension, which may improve postoperative outcomes.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to determine the readability of online health care education information relating to anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) and lumbar fusion procedures.

Narcotic Consumption Following Anterior and Lateral Lumbar Interbody Fusion Procedures.

Study Design/setting: This is a retrospective analysis of a prospectively maintained surgical registry.

Objective: To characterize postoperative narcotic consumption in patients undergoing either an anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF) or a lateral lumbar interbody fusion (LLIF).

Background Context: There is substantial interest in evaluating the safety, efficacy, and outcomes following minimally invasive techniques for lumbar fusion procedures.

Effect of Surgery Start Time on Day of Discharge in Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion Patients.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort.

Objective: To compare time to discharge for anterior cervical discectomy and fusions (ACDF) when performed as either a first case versus later surgical start times.

Summary Of Background Data: ACDF is a commonly performed spinal procedure that typically has a short acute recovery period.

Multimodal Analgesia Versus Intravenous Patient-Controlled Analgesia for Minimally Invasive Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion Procedures.

Study Design: Retrospective analysis.

Objective: To compare postoperative narcotic consumption and pain scores between multimodal analgesia (MMA) and patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) following minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MIS TLIF).

Summary Of Background Data: A multimodal analgesic approach to pain management may lead to decreased pain and narcotic consumption after orthopedic procedures.

Preoperative Mental Health is not Predictive of Patient-reported Outcomes Following a Minimally Invasive Lumbar Discectomy.

Study Design: This is a retrospective cohort study.

Objective: To determine if preoperative mental health is associated with patient-reported outcomes (PROs) following a minimally invasive lumbar discectomy.

Summary Of Background Data: PROs are commonly used to quantify a patient's perceived health status.

Improvements in Neck and Arm Pain Following an Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion.

Study Design: A retrospective analysis.

Objective: The aim of this study was to quantify improvements in Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) neck and arm pain, Neck Disability Index (NDI), and Short Form-12 (SF-12) Mental (MCS) and Physical (PCS) Composite scores following an anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF).

Summary Of Background Data: ACDF is evaluated with patient-reported outcomes.

Malnutrition Predicts Infectious and Wound Complications Following Posterior Lumbar Spinal Fusion.

Study Design: A retrospective review of data collected prospectively by the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS-NSQIP).

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between preoperative hypoalbuminemia, a marker for malnutrition, and complications during the 30 days following posterior lumbar fusion surgery.

Summary Of Background Data: Malnutrition is a potentially modifiable risk factor that may contribute to complications following spinal surgery.

Spinal Surgeon Variation in Single-Level Cervical Fusion Procedures: A Cost and Hospital Resource Utilization Analysis.

Study Design: Retrospective analysis.

Objective: To compare perioperative costs and outcomes of patients undergoing single-level anterior cervical discectomy and fusions (ACDF) at both a service (orthopedic vs. neurosurgical) and individual surgeon level.

Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion: The Surgical Learning Curve.

Study Design: Case-series OBJECTIVE.: The aim of the study was to investigate changes in intraoperative and postoperative parameters associated with the surgical learning curve for anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF).

Summary Of Background Data: ACDF is a common surgical spine procedure.

Preoperative mental health status may not be predictive of improvements in patient-reported outcomes following an anterior cervical discectomy and fusion.

OBJECTIVE Prior studies have correlated preoperative depression and poor mental health status with inferior patient-reported outcomes following lumbar spinal procedures. However, literature regarding the effect of mental health on outcomes following cervical spinal surgery is limited. As such, the purpose of this study is to test for the association of preoperative SF-12 Mental Component Summary (MCS) scores with improvements in Neck Disability Index (NDI), SF-12 Physical Component Summary (PCS), and neck and arm pain following anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF).

Patient knowledge regarding radiation exposure from spinal imaging.

Background Context: Spine surgeons employ a high volume of imaging in the diagnosis and evaluation of spinal pathology. However, little is known regarding patients' knowledge of the radiation exposure associated with these imaging techniques.

Purpose: To characterize spine patients' knowledge regarding radiation exposure from various imaging modalities.

Effects of Intraoperative Anesthetic Medications on Postoperative Urinary Retention After Single-Level Lumbar Fusion.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort analysis.

Objective: The aim of the study was to identify medications that may potentially contribute to developing postoperative urinary retention (POUR) after lumbar spinal fusion procedures.

Summary Of Background Data: POUR is a concerning event that may occur after routine orthopedic surgery.

Multimodal Versus Patient-Controlled Analgesia After an Anterior Cervical Decompression and Fusion.

Study Design: Retrospective analysis of a prospectively maintained surgical registry.

Objective: To compare postoperative narcotic consumption between multimodal analgesia (MMA) and patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) after an anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF).

Summary Of Background Data: Studies suggest that a multimodal approach to pain management leads to decreased pain and morphine consumption after total joint arthroplasty and lumbar spinal procedures.