Assessment of the Microhardness of Three Different Glass Ionomer Cements After Microhydroxyapatite Incorporation: An In Vitro Study.

Aim The study aimed to evaluate the impact of incorporating microhydroxyapatite on the microhardness of three different types of glass ionomer cement. Methodology A total of 120 disc-shaped specimens (7 mm in diameter and 3 mm in height) were prepared for the study, divided into three groups, each containing four subgroups of 10 samples. The materials tested included Zirconomer, conventional glass ionomer cement (CGIC), and resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC), with the addition of microhydroxyapatite in varying concentrations of 0, 5, 15, and 25 wt%.

Graphene Magnetoresistance Control by Photoferroelectric Substrate.

Ultralow dimensionality of 2D layers magnifies their sensitivity to adjacent charges enabling even postprocessing electric control of multifunctional structures. However, functionalizing 2D layers remains an important challenge for on-demand device-property exploitation. Here we report that an electrical and even fully optical way to control and write modifications to the magnetoresistive response of CVD-deposited graphene is achievable through the electrostatics of the photoferroelectric substrate.

Single Wavelength Operating Neuromorphic Device Based on a Graphene-Ferroelectric Transistor.

As global data generation continues to rise, there is an increasing demand for revolutionary in-memory computing methodologies and efficient machine learning solutions. Despite recent progress in electrical and electro-optical simulations of machine learning devices, the all-optical nonthermal function remains challenging, with single wavelength operation still elusive. Here we report on an optical and monochromatic way of neuromorphic signal processing for brain-inspired functions, eliminating the need for electrical pulses.

Reconfigurable Multifunctional van der Waals Ferroelectric Devices and Logic Circuits.

Emerging reconfigurable devices are fast gaining popularity in the search for next-generation computing hardware, while ferroelectric engineering of the doping state in semiconductor materials has the potential to offer alternatives to traditional von-Neumann architecture. In this work, we combine these concepts and demonstrate the suitability of reconfigurable ferroelectric field-effect transistors (Re-FeFETs) for designing nonvolatile reconfigurable logic-in-memory circuits with multifunctional capabilities. Modulation of the energy landscape within a homojunction of a 2D tungsten diselenide (WSe) layer is achieved by independently controlling two split-gate electrodes made of a ferroelectric 2D copper indium thiophosphate (CuInPS) layer.

Photoferroelectric All-van-der-Waals Heterostructure for Multimode Neuromorphic Ferroelectric Transistors.

Interface-driven effects in ferroelectric van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures provide fresh opportunities in the search for alternative device architectures toward overcoming the von Neumann bottleneck. However, their implementation is still in its infancy, mostly by electrical control. It is of utmost interest to develop strategies for additional optical and multistate control in the quest for novel neuromorphic architectures.

Dynamics of Spin Crossover Molecular Complexes.

We review the current understanding of the time scale and mechanisms associated with the change in spin state in transition metal-based spin crossover (SCO) molecular complexes. Most time resolved experiments, performed by optical techniques, rely on the intrinsic light-induced switching properties of this class of materials. The optically driven spin state transition can be mediated by a rich interplay of complexities including intermediate states in the spin state transition process, as well as intermolecular interactions, temperature, and strain.

Influence of orbital two-channel Kondo effect on anomalous Hall effect in ferrimagnetic composites of LaNiO and CoFeO.

In this report, we have investigated the magnetoresistance (MR) and Hall effect of the ferrimagnetic composites containing LaNiO and CoFeO (CFO) (with CFO content 15% and 20%) which exhibit orbital two-channel Kondo (2CK) effect and therefore pronounced resistivity upturn at low temperature. Both composites manifest a negative to positive crossover in MR with increasing temperature. The MR is described by the Khosla and Fisher model of spin fluctuations scattering of conduction electrons and the two-band theory based on hybridized p-d sub-bands.

Tuning spin one channel to exotic orbital two-channel Kondo effect in ferrimagnetic composites of LaNiO and CoFeO.

We report the tuning from spin one channel to orbital two-channel Kondo (2CK) effect by varying CoFeO (CFO) content in the composites with LaNiO (LNO) along with the presence of ferrimagnetism. Although there is no signature of resistivity upturn in the case of pure LNO, all the composites exhibit a distinct upturn in the temperature range of 30-80 K. For composites with lower percentage of CFO (10%), the electron spin plays the key role in the emergence of resistivity upturn which is affected by external magnetic field.