Effectiveness of exercise-based sports injury prevention programmes in reducing injury rates in adolescents and their implementation in the community: a mixed-methods systematic review.

Objective: Despite evidence supporting the efficacy of sport injury prevention programmes (SIPPs) in adolescents, implementation of SIPPs in community settings is low. This review aims to synthesise and integrate evidence on the efficacy of exercise-based SIPPs in reducing injury rates in adolescents with implementation strategies for such programmes in the community.

Design: A systematic review with meta-analysis, narrative synthesis and meta-aggregation was conducted, followed by a convergent segregated approach to integrate the findings.

Post-operative Patellar Tilt More than 10° Can Affect Certain Components of Knee Society Score After Total Knee Arthroplasty at 2-Year Follow-Up.

Introduction: The effect of post-operative patella tilt on functional outcomes after total knee arthroplasty remains unclear. Our study aimed to analyze the relationship of post-operative patellar tilt with functional outcome scores after total knee arthroplasty.

Materials And Methods: Patient data were retrieved from our institution's prospectively maintained total knee arthroplasty.

Magnetic field therapy enhances muscle mitochondrial bioenergetics and attenuates systemic ceramide levels following ACL reconstruction: Southeast Asian randomized-controlled pilot trial.

Background: Metabolic disruption commonly follows Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction (ACLR) surgery. Brief exposure to low amplitude and frequency pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) has been shown to promote and murine myogeneses via the activation of a calcium-mitochondrial axis conferring systemic metabolic adaptations. This randomized-controlled pilot trial sought to detect local changes in muscle structure and function using MRI, and systemic changes in metabolism using plasma biomarker analyses resulting from ACLR, with or without accompanying PEMF therapy.

Risk Factors for New Meniscal Tears following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.

This study aims to compare the rate of meniscal tears after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction in patients who have undergone concomitant meniscal repair during the index procedure with that in patients who have not undergone such surgery. It also evaluates other risk factors, such as age, gender, race, body mass index (BMI), site of concomitant meniscal surgery, and ACL graft failure. This is a retrospective study conducted at a large tertiary public hospital.

Five-Strand Versus Four-Strand Hamstring Autografts in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction-A Prospective Randomized Controlled Study.

Purpose: To compare the clinical outcomes of the routine use of 5-strand hamstring grafts (where possible) with those of 4-strand grafts in primary anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction.

Methods: A total of 64 patients were enrolled in a prospective randomized controlled study comparing the use of 5-strand and 4-strand semitendinosus-gracilis autografts in single bundle ACL reconstruction (n = 32 in each group). Four participants in each group were lost to follow-up and were excluded from the outcome analysis.

Tear Rates of the Ipsilateral ACL Graft and the Contralateral Native ACL Are Similar following ACL Reconstruction.

The aim of the study is to compare the tear rates of ipsilateral anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) grafts and the contralateral native ACL as well as to investigate the correlation of gender, age at time of surgery, and body mass index (BMI) with the occurrence of these injuries. The medical records of 751 patients who underwent ACL reconstruction surgery with follow-up periods of 2 to 7 years were retrospectively analyzed. Survival analyses of ipsilateral ACL grafts and contralateral native ACL were performed.

Perioperative pregabalin does not reduce opioid requirements in total knee arthroplasty.

Purpose: The purpose of this prospective, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study was to determine if pregabalin, when given perioperatively in addition to patient-controlled analgesia morphine, paracetamol and etoricoxib, is effective in reducing morphine requirements and moderating pain scores after primary total knee arthroplasty. We hypothesize that there would be no difference in postoperative opioid requirements, postoperative pain scores, and functional scores with the use of perioperative pregabalin.

Methods: Eighty-seven patients who underwent primary total knee arthroplasty were randomised and allocated to two groups.

The presence of concomitant intra-articular injuries and bone bruise does not affect pre-operative knee pain and symptoms in patients undergoing anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

Purpose: Increased knee pain at the time of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction may predict increased pain post-operatively, a prolonged recovery and a more difficult rehabilitation. The main objective of our study was to identify preoperative factors, such as concomitant intra-articular injuries and bone bruises, that may be associated with increased knee pain and symptoms in patients undergoing ACL reconstruction.

Methods: Patient data was queried from our institution's prospectively maintained ACL reconstruction registry.

Outcomes of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in Females Using Patellar-Tendon-Bone versus Hamstring Autografts: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

The current review aims to compare the outcomes of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction in the female population after patellar-tendon-bone and hamstring grafts. The review was conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. All original randomized controlled trials and prospective cohort studies that compared clinical outcomes after female ACL reconstruction using hamstring versus patellar-tendon-bone grafts were included.

Arthroscopic Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Meta-Analysis Comparing Semitendinosus Alone and Semitendinosus with Gracilis Tendon Autografts.

The objective of this study was to provide a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis to compare patient-reported outcomes and functional knee parameters of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction surgery with semitendinosus (ST) and ST-gracilis (G) grafts. This study was conducted according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) guidelines. All studies in PubMed and Embase that reported functional knee parameters and patient-reported outcomes after ACL reconstruction with ST and ST-G grafts independently were included in the review.

Gender Differences in Intra-articular and Extra-articular Injuries Associated with Acute Anterior Cruciate Ligament Ruptures.

Females are well known to have a two to nine times increase in relative risk of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture as compared with males. However, there is limited literature available regarding the rates of associated intra-articular and extra-articular injuries associated with ACL ruptures. The purpose of this study was to investigate the gender differences in intra-articular and extra-articular injuries associated with ACL ruptures in an acute setting.

Epidemiology of patients with anterior cruciate ligament injuries undergoing reconstruction surgery in a multi-ethnic Asian population.

We conducted an epidemiological study to identify the demographics and pre-operative characteristics of patients undergoing primary anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction in a multi-ethnic Asian population. A retrospective study was performed on 696 patients who registered in our ACL reconstruction registry from January 2013 to August 2016. Important inter-ethnic differences were found.

Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction performed within 12 months of the index injury is associated with a lower rate of medial meniscus tears.

Purpose: To verify the correlation of time to surgery with the prevalence of concomitant intra-articular injuries detected on arthroscopy during anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction.

Methods: The medical records of 653 patients who underwent ACL reconstruction surgery were retrospectively analyzed. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors that were associated with the presence of at least one intra-articular injury, medial meniscus tears, lateral meniscus tears and chondral injuries at the time of surgery.

Use of the 5-Strand Hamstring Autograft Technique in Increasing Graft Size in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.

Background: To determine the extent to which a strategy of routinely preparing a 5-strand hamstring autograft would increase graft size in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction.

Methods: A total of 64 patients were enrolled in a prospective randomized controlled study comparing 5-strand and quadrupled semitendinosus-gracilis autografts in single-bundle ACL reconstruction (5-strand group, n = 32; 4-strand group, n = 32). In the 5-strand group, the diameter of the 4-strand construct and the subsequent 5-strand graft used were measured, whereas in the 4-strand group, the diameter of the quadrupled graft used was measured.

Association of Compartmental Bone Bruise Distribution With Concomitant Intra-articular and Extra-articular Injuries in Acute Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tears After Noncontact Sports Trauma.

Background: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are frequently associated with bone bruises, and their presence may be associated with concomitant intra- and extra-articular injuries.

Purpose: To investigate the prevalence and pattern of distribution of bone bruises in patients with acute ACL tears from noncontact sports trauma and their association with specific intra- and extra-articular injuries.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3.

Five-Strand Hamstring Autograft in Primary Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.

The purpose of this study was to describe our surgical technique of using five-strand hamstring autograft with interference screw fixation in primary anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction and to report the early postoperative outcomes of this technique. Patients who underwent primary ACL reconstruction using five-strand hamstring autografts with interference screw fixation between December 2014 and June 2016 were included in this study. The five-strand configuration was used in these patients because the four-strand configuration produced a graft diameter of less than 8 mm.

A 5-Strand Hamstring Autograft Achieves Outcomes Comparable to Those of a 4-Strand Hamstring Autograft With a Graft Diameter of 8 mm or More in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.

Background: Quadrupled (4-strand) hamstring tendon autografts are commonly used in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction, but there is significant variability in their diameter. The 5-strand hamstring autograft has been used as a means of increasing the graft diameter in patients with undersized hamstring grafts.

Purpose: To report the outcomes of primary ACL reconstruction using 5-strand hamstring autografts in patients in whom the 4-strand configuration produced a graft diameter of <8 mm and to compare these outcomes with those of ACL reconstruction using 4-strand semitendinosus-gracilis autografts with a graft diameter of ≥8 mm.

Chinese Ethnicity Is Associated With Concomitant Cartilage Injuries in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tears.

Background: Chinese ethnicity is associated with the presence of knee osteoarthritis. This raises the possibility that it may similarly be associated with concomitant meniscus and cartilage injuries in patients with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears. There are currently no published data on the effect of Chinese ethnicity in this regard.

Spontaneous healing of a tear of an anterior cruciate ligament graft: A case report.

Background: Almost 30% of young athletic patients sustain a second anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury within 24months of their ACL reconstruction and returning to pivoting sports. Most patients with high athletic demand and significant anteroposterior instability often require ACL revision surgery to restore their pre-injury activity levels.

Case Report: A 24-year old gentleman ruptured his hamstring tendon autograft during a twisting injury seven months after his ACL reconstruction.

Concomitant meniscal injury in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction does not lead to poorer short-term post-operative outcomes.

Purpose: The main objective was to compare post-operative outcomes in patients undergoing anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction both with and without concomitant meniscus injury at a mean follow-up of 3.5 years. The secondary objective was to study the effect of different meniscal injury sites and treatment modalities on post-operative outcomes (PROS).

Outcome of Patellar Tendon Versus 4-Strand Hamstring Tendon Autografts for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Prospective Randomized Trials.

Purpose: To compare clinical outcomes of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction and investigate whether the clinical results of 4-strand hamstring tendon (HT) reconstruction are still inferior to that of the patellar tendon (PT).

Methods: We performed a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of the English literature on PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and the Cochrane register for papers that compared clinical outcomes of PT versus HT for ACL reconstruction. Outcome measures analyzed included rate of rerupture, KT-1000, International Knee Documentation Committee grade, Lachman, pivot shift, Lysholm score, Tegner Activity Scale, anterior knee pain, and discomfort on kneeling.

Cemented hemiarthroplasty in traumatic displaced femoral neck fractures and deep vein thrombosis: is there really a link?

Introduction: Traumatic displaced femoral neck fractures in the elderly can be treated with cemented or uncemented hemiarthroplasty with good outcomes. Earlier studies reported a higher incidence of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) associated with cemented prostheses in elective total hip or knee arthroplasty. In addition, the hypercoagulable state after a traumatic femoral neck fracture and possible thrombogenic properties of bone cement could put these patients at greater risk for thromboembolism.