A Static Headspace Gas Chromatography Method for Quantitation of Residual Solvents in Nanoformulations.

Various organic solvents are widely used in the manufacturing, processing, and purification of drug substances, drug products, formulations, excipients, etc. These solvents must be removed to the lowest amount permitted, as they do not possess any therapeutic advantages and may cause undesirable toxicities. Therefore, a rapid and sensitive analytical method for the quantitation of residual solvents is needed.

Chemosensitization and inhibition of pancreatic cancer stem cell proliferation by overexpression of microRNA-205.

Treatment of pancreatic cancer with gemcitabine (GEM) is limited due to its rapid plasma metabolism and development of chemoresistance. MicroRNA (miRNA) regulates cancer stem cell (CSC) maintenance and induces chemoresistance in cancer cells. In this study, we observed differential downregulation of miR-205 (miR-205-5p) in human pancreatic cancer tissues and cells.

Biodistribution of Self-Assembling Polymer-Gemcitabine Conjugate after Systemic Administration into Orthotopic Pancreatic Tumor Bearing Mice.

Therapeutic efficacy of gemcitabine (GEM) is severely limited due to its rapid metabolism by enzymatic deamination in vivo. We recently determined its therapeutic efficacy before (F-GEM) and after conjugation to poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(2-methyl-2-carboxyl-propylene carbonate) (mPEG-b-PCC-g-GEM-g-DC, abbreviated as P-GEM) in subcutaneous and orthotopic pancreatic tumor bearing mice. In this study, pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters and biodistribution profiles of F-GEM and P-GEM were determined after intravenous injection into orthotopic pancreatic tumor bearing NSG mice.

Synthesis, Magnetic Properties, Map Images, and Water Proton Relaxivities of D-Glucuronic Acid Coated Ln2O3 Nanoparticles (Ln = Ho and Er).

T2 MRI contrast agents cannot be synthesized by using molecules but nanoparticles because appreciable magnetic moments at room temperature are needed. Recently, some of lanthanide (Ln) oxide nanoparticles have shown decent magnetic moments at room temperature and even at ultrasmall particle diameters. In this study, we explored D-glucuronic acid coated Ln2O3 nanoparticles (Ln = Ho and Er) with ultrasmall particle diameters.

Impact of CYP2C19 polymorphism on the pharmacokinetics of nelfinavir in patients with pancreatic cancer.

Aim: This study evaluated the influence of CYP2C19 polymorphisms on the pharmacokinetics of nelfinavir and its metabolite M8 in patients with pancreatic cancer.

Methods: Nelfinavir was administered orally to patients for over 10 days. The plasma concentrations of nelfinavir and M8 were measured by HPLC.

Surface coated Eu(OH)3 nanorods: a facile synthesis, characterization, MR relaxivities and in vitro cytotoxicity.

The water-soluble and biocompatible D-glucuronic acid coated Eu(OH)3 nanorods (average thickness x average length = 9.0 x 118.3 nm) have been prepared in one-pot synthesis.

Paramagnetic nanoparticle T1 and T2 MRI contrast agents.

There is no doubt that magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents (MRI CAs) can play a vital role in diagnosing diseases. Therefore, demand for new MRI CAs with an enhanced sensitivity and advanced functionalities is very high. Here, paramagnetic nanoparticles (NPs) are reviewed as new potential candidates for either T(1) or T(2) MRI CAs or both.

Paramagnetic dysprosium oxide nanoparticles and dysprosium hydroxide nanorods as T₂ MRI contrast agents.

We report here paramagnetic dysprosium nanomaterial-based T(2) MRI contrast agents. A large r(2) and a negligible r(1) is an ideal condition for T(2) MR imaging. At this condition, protons are strongly and nearly exclusively induced for T(2) MR imaging.

A facile synthesis, in vitro and in vivo MR studies of d-glucuronic acid-coated ultrasmall Ln₂O₃ (Ln = Eu, Gd, Dy, Ho, and Er) nanoparticles as a new potential MRI contrast agent.

A facile one-pot synthesis of d-glucuronic acid-coated ultrasmall Ln(2)O(3) (Ln = Eu, Gd, Dy, Ho, and Er) nanoparticles is presented. Their water proton relaxivities were studied to address their possibility as a new potential MRI contrast agent. We focused on the d-glucuronic acid-coated ultrasmall Dy(2)O(3) nanoparticle because it showed the highest r(2) relaxivity among studied nanoparticles.

Water-soluble MnO nanocolloid for a molecular T1 MR imaging: a facile one-pot synthesis, in vivo T1 MR images, and account for relaxivities.

A facile one-pot synthesis of a water-soluble MnO nanocolloid (i.e., D-glucuronic acid-coated MnO nanoparticle) is presented.