Severity and Cardiac Involvement in Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children.

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) occurs secondary to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. A retrospective study, involving 6 tertiary-care centers in Haryana, was conducted to evaluate the clinical features, severity, laboratory findings, and outcomes of patients with MIS-C. Disease severity was graded (mild/moderate/severe) and presence of cardiac abnormalities noted.

Pediatric Lung Ultrasound (PLUS) in the diagnosis of Community-Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) requiring hospitalization.

Background: In childhood pneumonia, pediatric lung ultrasound (PLUS) is a very sensitive and specific diagnostic alternative to chest X-ray (CXR). However, there is a paucity of literature on this in India. We set out to compare the diagnostic accuracy of PLUS and CXR in hospitalized children with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP).

Advances in Pediatric Critical Care Research in India.

Over last 2 decades, there has been a significant progress made in the field of pediatric critical care in India. There has been complementary and parallel growth in the pediatric critical care services in India and the number of pediatric critical care providers who are either formally trained in India or who have returned to India after their formal training abroad. The pediatric critical care community in India has recognized obvious differences in profiles of critical illnesses and patients between Indian subcontinent and the West.

Endobronchial leiomyoma in an immunocompetent four-year-old female child.

Pulmonary leiomyoma are uncommonly encountered benign mesenchymal neoplasms in children, usually found in immunosuppressed individuals in association with human immunodeficiency virus or Ebstein-Barr virus infection. We describe an interesting case of a 4-year-old immunocompetent girl who presented with pleural effusion and lung collapse secondary to endobronchial leiomyoma. She underwent a left thoracotomy and a left pneumonectomy for excision of the bronchial mass.

Thoracoscopic ligation of thoracic duct for spontaneous chylothorax.

Spontaneous chylothorax, without a predisposing factor is an uncommon cause of pleural effusion beyond the neonatal period. We present a case of left sided spontaneous chylothorax in a 20-month-old boy. We report successful management of this difficult problem with thoracoscopic ligation of thoracic duct after a failed trial with conservative management.

Medication use in Indian children with asthma: the user's perspective.

Background And Objective: Despite the high prevalence of asthma in children, there has been limited research into patient perception of medication use, particularly in the developing world. This study therefore aimed to carry out an in-depth exploration of the views of carers and children with asthma on asthma medication use.

Methods: Grounded theory approach was used to conduct semistructured qualitative interviews in a purposive convenience sample of parents and children with asthma.

Diagnosis of bacterial ventilator-associated pneumonia in children: reproducibility of blind bronchial sampling.

Objective: To evaluate the reproducibility of blind bronchial sampling in patients with suspected diagnosis of bacterial ventilator-associated pneumonia.

Design: Prospective study.

Setting: Pediatric intensive care unit of a tertiary care, multidisciplinary, teaching hospital in Northern India.

Congenital tracheobiliary fistula: a case report with review of literature.

Congenital tracheo-or-bronchobiliary fistula is a rare anomaly. Here, we present a malnourished child with persistent and recurrent respiratory symptoms. Flexible bronchoscopy and imaging studies were carried out to ascertain the diagnosis, anatomy and associated anomalies prior to surgery.

Pediatric Sepsis Guidelines: Summary for resource-limited countries.

Justification: Pediatric sepsis is a commonly encountered global issue. Existing guidelines for sepsis seem to be applicable to the developed countries, and only few articles are published regarding application of these guidelines in the developing countries, especially in resource-limited countries such as India and Africa.

Process: An expert representative panel drawn from all over India, under aegis of Intensive Care Chapter of Indian Academy of Pediatrics (IAP) met to discuss and draw guidelines for clinical practice and feasibility of delivery of care in the early hours in pediatric patient with sepsis, keeping in view unique patient population and limited availability of equipment and resources.

Diagnosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia in children in resource-limited setting: a comparative study of bronchoscopic and nonbronchoscopic methods.

Objectives: To compare the available methods for the diagnosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia in intubated pediatric patients and to suggest less costly diagnostic method for developing countries.

Design: Prospective study.

Setting: Pediatric intensive care unit of a tertiary care, multidisciplinary teaching hospital located in northern India.

Platelet counts and outcome in the pediatric intensive care unit.

Objectives: Thrombocytopenia is commonly observed in critically ill patients. This study was undertaken to evaluate the variation in platelet counts and the risk factors associated with thrombocytopenia and mortality in pediatric intensive care patients. In addition, prognostic value of platelet counts for outcome in pediatric intensive care unit was studied.

Under diagnosis of asthma in school children and its related factors.

A cross-sectional study was carried out on one thousand school children studying in three public schools of Delhi and Haryana between 10 to 17 year age group over the period of one year (2001-02). It aimed in studying under diagnosis of asthma in school children and its related factors. Questionnaires including details of medical, social, environmental factors precipitating asthma were filled by the parents and class teachers.

Cefpodoxime: pharmacokinetics and therapeutic uses.

Cefpodoxime is a semi-synthetic, third generation cephalosporin. The drug is available for use as a prodrug-Cefpodoxime proxetil, which is absorbed readily from the gut. It reaches adequate levels exceeding the MIC in most of the body fluids.

Acute asthma in emergency room.

Acute asthmatic exacerbation is one of the commonest emergencies seen in the pediatric age group. Viral infections are the most important triggers which set up the inflammatory reaction in the bronchial mucosa. GINA 2002 guidelines for assessing the severity and management are very useful for day to day practice.