Balanced X; 22 translocation in a patient with premature ovarian failure.

A case of balanced X; autosome translocation 46, X, t (X; 22) (q 24; q 13) in a 25-year-old female with secondary amenorrhea and premature ovarian failure (POF) is described. The relationship between balanced X; autosome translocation [t (X; A)] and varied phenotypic expression observed in these women is discussed. This case highlights the importance of early recognition of these women in order to give them the best chance of conception in their oligohypomenorrhic phase before complete loss of gonadal function.

Complete inversion of the uterus during caesarean section: a case report.

A case of complete inversion of the uterus through the uterine incision at the time of Caesarean section is presented. The possible aetiological factors were a short cord and fundal insertion of the placenta. Disappearance of the lower segment incision and the raw appearance of the endometrial surface of a completely inverted uterus posed a diagnostic dilemma.

Male breast cancer: a retrospective study from a regional cancer center in northern India.

Over a 7-year period from 1987 to 1993, 41 male breast cancer patients were seen in the breast cancer clinic of the Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital (IRCH) at the All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS). Their mean age was 54.2 years; and duration of symptoms ranged from 1 to 84 months with a mean of 15.

Correlation of computed tomography with second-look laparotomy in ovarian carcinoma.

Background: Cancer of the ovary is the second commonest gynaecological malignancy after cancer of the cervix. Surgery followed by cisplatin-based chemotherapy is the standard treatment approach. In patients with persistent disease, second-look laparotomy offers an opportunity to debulk the tumour.

Incarcerated procidentia: a rare complication of carcinoma cervix.

A rare case of a huge carcinoma of the cervix leading to sudden uterovaginal prolapse and incarcerated procidentia, in a postmenopausal woman is presented. The woman presented as an emergency with severe distress. The problem was successfully managed by reducing the uterovaginal prolapse under deep sedation and starting radiotherapy as an emergency procedure at the same sitting.

Microcolpohysteroscopy compared with colposcopy in evaluation of abnormal cervical cytology.

Microcolpohysteroscopy (MCH) permits in vivo visualisation of cervical epithelium and is a useful procedure in the diagnostic workup of a patients with abnormal pap smear. Our study compared standard colposcopy with MCH in 45 patients with dysplasia reported on cytology. On comparing with final histopathological diagnosis colposcopy had an accuracy of 95.

von Willebrand disease: a rare cause of puberty menorrhagia.

A 13-year-old girl with a family history of epistaxis presented with pubertal menorrhagia necessitating multiple blood transfusions. Her coagulation profile confirmed the diagnosis of Von Willebrand disease. The menorrhagia was controlled by cyclical use of oestrogen progestogen combination drugs.

Ruptured intracranial aneurysm complicating pregnancy.

Three cases of ruptured intracranial aneurysm during pregnancy are presented. Rupture occurred near term in all three cases. Simultaneous elective cesarean section and clipping of the aneurysm was performed in two cases.

Pre-rupture diagnosis and management of rudimentary horn pregnancy in the first trimester.

A case of pregnancy in the rudimentary horn of a unicornuate uterus, suspected on routine pelvic examination and confirmed by sonography as early as at 8 weeks of gestation is presented. Ultrasonographic findings of the case and surgical management of ipsilateral adnexa at the time of excision of rudimentary horn are discussed.

Multicentric liposarcoma: report of two cases.

We present herein two unusual cases of multicentric liposarcoma which highlight the problems associated with the management of this disease entity. When the surgeon is confronted with multicentric liposarcomas, it is necessary to define whether they are secondary tumors or independently arising multicentric liposarcomas, since the latter situation merits a more aggressive approach. Guidelines for this differentiation are suggested in the discussion following the case reports.

Unexplained absence of both fallopian tubes with ovary in the omentum.

A rare case of unexplained absence of both fallopian tubes and ovaries from their normal position, resulting infertility is presented. On careful search an ectopic ovary containing dermoid cyst was found in the omentum. Possible mechanism and clinical significance of such a rare occurrence is discussed.

Chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy versus radiotherapy alone in locally advanced cervical cancer: a randomized study.

Between August 1990 and January 1992, 184 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix, FIGO stage IIB-IVA, were randomized to receive either two cycles of bleomycin, ifosfamide-mesna, and cis-platinum (BIP) chemotherapy (CT) followed by radiotherapy (RT) ("CT-RT group," n = 94) or RT alone (RT group, n = 90). In the CT-RT group, of 89 evaluable patients, 64 responded: complete response (CR) 4 (4.5%) and partial response 60 (67.

Endoscopically guided placement of nasogastric tubes in patients with esophageal carcinoma with absolute dysphagia: report of a 3-year experience.

Esophageal cancer often leads to total or near-total dysphagia, necessitating placement of nasogastric tubes for nutritional support. In patients with failed blind intubation or even failed fluoroscopic-guided tube placement, endoscopic guidance has a role to play. The catheter-over-guidewire technique is simple, safe, and easy to use.

Maternal and perinatal outcome in thyrotoxicosis complicating pregnancy.

In this report we describe 32 pregnancies complicated by hyperthyroidism cared for over a 7-year period at AIIMS, New Delhi. In 6 cases hyperthyroidism was diagnosed during pregnancy; others were diagnosed before conception and were on antithyroid therapy during pregnancy. For control of thyrotoxicosis thiourea derivatives, carbimazole (CMZ) and propylthiouracil (PTU), were both used.

'Forgotten' intrauterine device leading to actinomycotic pyometra--13 years after menopause.

A case of a 'forgotten' intrauterine device (IUD) in a postmenopausal woman leading to Actinomyces israelii infection and pyometra is described. The patient was asymptomatic for 22 years after IUD insertion and developed the complications 13 years after menopause. To prevent such serious complications, it is important to ensure that intrauterine devices, once they have served the purpose and even if they are asymptomatic, are removed.

Youssef's syndrome: an appraisal of hormonal treatment.

Two cases of vesicouterine fistula, caused by lower-segment cesarean section, are presented. Both cases had classical symptoms of Youssef's syndrome, i.e.

Results of radical radiotherapy in carcinoma of the uterine cervix stage I-III.

A retrospective analysis is described of 271 diagnosed cases of carcinoma of the uterine cervix who were treated with radical radiotherapy between January 1987 and July 1988 at the Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital. The mean age at presentation was 49 years and 89% of the tumours were FIGO Stage II and III. The median duration of follow-up was 60 months.

Cushing syndrome complicating pregnancy.

A case of Cushing syndrome in a 25-year-old female diagnosed during pregnancy is presented. The pregnancy was complicated by diabetes mellitus, pregnancy induced hypertension, prematurity and intrauterine growth retardation. The patient underwent transphenoidal pituitary adenectomy after delivery for removal of a large pituitary adenoma.

Hydatidemesis: a bizarre presentation of abdominal hydatidosis.

A 31 year old male presented with high grade fever and abdominal pain of 20 days duration. At the age of 9 he had been operated on for a solitary retroperitoneal hydatid cyst and had been asymptomatic until the age of 21 when he sustained a blunt injury to the abdomen. An exploratory laparotomy for splenic rupture revealed multiple intra-abdominal hydatid cysts, which were removed.

Influence of intraperitoneal drainage after cholecystectomy; a prospective ultrasonographic study.

One hundred and fifty patients were prospectively randomised into 3 groups (50 in each group); to receive a passive drain, closed suction drain or no drain after elective cholecystectomy. The drain was removed within 24 hours in 84% of patients and was continued longer only if the amount of drainage was excessive or bilious. On the 3rd post-operative day, an ultrasound examination was performed in all patients for detection of subhepatic/subphrenic collection.

Management of malignant germ cell tumours of ovary.

Ten patients of the advanced malignant germ cell tumours of the ovary were treated by cisplatin based combination chemotherapy after initial conservation surgery. Eight patients completed course containing cisplatinum, vinblastine and bleomycin. Five patients (62.