Successful early surgical treatment in neonatal compartment syndrome: case report.

Neonatal compartment syndrome is rare, and the diagnosis is often missed or delayed because other ischemic diseases can mimic clinical signs observed on the skin. A premature newborn infant presented with skin lesions during the first hours of life that were recognized as the sentinel finding in compartment syndrome of the newborn. We restored normal function by emergency surgery.

[Establishment of the intestinal microflora and regulation of bacterial translocation after caffeine citrate treatment during postnatal period in rat].

To relieve respiratory problems such as apnea in newborns, caffeine citrate is the drug of choice because of its good tolerance and therapeutic index. However, its impact on the intestinal microbial ecosystem and on bacterial translocation in the neonatal period remains insufficiently investigated. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of caffeine citrate on the establishment of the intestinal microflora and bacterial translocation in rats from birth to the 30th day of life.

Why wrapping premature neonates to prevent hypothermia can predispose to overheating.

Wrapping low-birth-weight neonates in a plastic bag prevents body heat loss. A bonnet can also be used, since large amounts of heat can be lost from the head region, but may provide too much thermal insulation, thus increasing the risk of overheating. We assessed the time required to reach warning body temperature (t38 degrees C), heat stroke (t40 degrees C), or extreme value (t43 degrees C) in a mathematical model that involved calculating various local body heat losses.

A multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of prophylactic recombinant granulocyte-colony stimulating factor in preterm neonates with neutropenia.

Objective: To test the hypothesis that prophylactic treatment of neutropenic premature neonates with recombinant granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (rG-CSF) would reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections (NIs).

Study Design: A total of 25 neonatal intensive care units participated in this multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Premature infants of gestational age (GA) View Article and Find Full Text PDF

[Assessment of erythropoietin treatment in preterm newborns older than 30 weeks of gestation].

Background: Human recombinant erythropoietin (rhEPO) has shown a benefit in reducing the number of transfusions in very-low-birth-weight infants. However, no study has reported benefits in older preterms (i.e.

Pulmonary circulatory effects of norepinephrine in newborn infants with persistent pulmonary hypertension.

Objective: To evaluate the respiratory and the pulmonary circulatory effects of norepinephrine in newborn infants with persistent pulmonary hypertension (PPHN)-induced cardiac dysfunction.

Study Design: Inclusion criteria were: 1) Newborn infants >35 weeks gestational age; 2) PPHN treated with inhaled nitric oxide; and 3) symptoms of circulatory failure despite adequate fluid resuscitation. Lung function and pulmonary hemodynamic variables assessed with Doppler echocardiography were recorded prospectively before and after starting norepinephrine.

Relationship between functional residual capacity and oxygen desaturation during short central apneic events during sleep in "late preterm" infants.

Apneic episodes are frequent in the preterm neonate and particularly in active sleep (AS), when functional residual capacity (FRC) can be decreased. Furthermore, FRC may be inversely correlated with the speed of blood-O(2)-desaturation. We evaluated the potential involvement of FRC in the mechanisms responsible for blood-O(2)-desaturation during short central apneic events (>3 s) in "late-preterm" infants and analyzed the specific influence of sleep state.

Noradrenaline for management of septic shock refractory to fluid loading and dopamine or dobutamine in full-term newborn infants.

Aim: To determine the effects of noradrenaline in full-term newborns with refractory septic shock.

Methods: Newborns of >35 weeks' gestation with persistent septic shock, despite adequate fluid resuscitation and high dose of dopamine/dobutamine were eligible. In this prospective observational study, we recorded respiratory and hemodynamic parameters prior to and 3 h after starting noradrenaline infusion.

Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn with transposition of the great arteries: successful treatment with bosentan.

Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) occurs in 1-4% of neonates with transposition of the great arteries with intact ventricular septum (TGA/IVS). This association is often lethal. To our knowledge, only eight survivors have been described in the literature, two of whom benefited from extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO).

[Kawasaki disease epidemiology in Guadeloupe].

Objective: To study the incidence of Kawasaki disease in the population of the French West Indies.

Methods: Fifty-six children where enrolled between January 1, 1995 and December 31, 2000), in this retrospective study in Guadeloupe (French West Indies), according to the diagnostic criteria of the American Heart Association.

Results: There were 31 boys and 25 girls.

[Neonatal renal venous thrombosis following an electrical shock in pregnancy].

Neonatal renal venous thrombosis may result in severe morbidity. Predisposing conditions are well known. We report the case of an unusual and early neonatal renal venous thrombosis.

[Case control study of extended-spectrum betalactamase producing Serratia marcescens outbreak in a paediatric intensive care unit].

Objectives: To identify patient-related risk factors of infection and ways of transmission of extended-spectrum betalactamase (ESBL) producing Serratia marcescens in the paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) of Amiens university hospital (France) between June and July 2002.

Methods: Five cases (four pulmonary infected and one stool contaminated symptom-free neonates) and 35 controls, admitted in the PICU, are included. S.

Measurement of functional residual capacity through the transient phase of He dilution in newborns.

Helium dilution maneuver is used to determine the functional residual capacity (FRC) 14 newborns ages 1-5 mo. The model equation describes the changing alveolar fractions of He and the ventilation promoted by a rebreathing procedure that does not exceed 40 s. The model does not involve the volume of the rebreathing bag usually needed when applying rebreathing technique and which is a source of error.

[Neonatal deafness screening with the evoked otoacoustic emissions technique. Study of 320 newborns at the neonatal resuscitation service of the Amiens neonatal care unit].

Between January 1997 and June 1999, we screened for hearing loss using evoked otoacoustic emissions in 320 newborns in the neonate intensive care unit at the Amiens University Hospital. The purpose of this study was to search for correlations between deafness and one of the hearing loss risk factors identified by the Joint Committee on Infant Screening. Three risk factors were found to be significant: craniofacial abnormalities, low birth weight (less than 1500 g) and a familial history of hearing loss.

Determination of diffusing capacity by modeling the dynamics of C18O uptake in newborns.

Dynamic modeling of lung C18O diffusion is used to measure the C18O transfer factor (TLCO) of 14 newborns aged 1-4 mo. The model equation is based on the alveolar fractions of C18O and on changing alveolar ventilation induced by the rebreathing conditions. The model does not involve the volume of the rebreathing bag which is usually needed when applying rebreathing technique and which is a source of error.

Reproducibility of the alternating breath test of fractional inspired O2 in infants.

We conducted a reproducibility study of the alternating breath test (ABT) for assessing peripheral chemoreceptor function in infants. The ABT delivers a rapid hypoxic stimulus to the peripheral chemoreceptors with breath-by-breath alternations of the inspired O2 fraction. The reproducibility of the ABT performed on a single occasion has not been extensively studied in infants.

Skin derivative control of thermal environment in a closed incubator.

Defining a thermoneutral environment remains difficult because thermoneutrality depends on both physical and physiological factors. A servocontrolled skin temperature derivative (SCS) heating device has been designed to control the thermal environment in closed incubators without the necessity of setting an air or skin reference temperature. The thermal environment obtained with the SCS program is controlled only by the neonate's skin temperature changes.

Consequences of a small decrease of air temperature from thermal equilibrium on thermoregulation in sleeping neonates.

A new heating unit (servocontrolled skin temperature derivative system) has been designed to control the thermal environment in closed incubators. This type of control acts to attain and closely maintain a thermal equilibrium between a neonate's skin temperature and the environment. The present study aims to discover if thermal equilibrium is located within a thermoneutral range defined from oxygen consumption VO2 and body temperature, and whether it is more appropriate to define an optimal thermal environment.

[Evolution of the result of respiratory function studies in children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia].

Background: Reports of short- and medium-term evolution of Lung Function Tests (LFT) in infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) are still scarce.

Population And Methods: The results of the first (before 3 months of corrected age) and the second (between 3 and 9 months of corrected age) LFT in 22 premature infants with BPD (gestational age 31 +/- 2.5 weeks; birth weight: 1570 +/- 440 g; duration of mechanical ventilation: 46 +/- 24 days, total duration of oxygen therapy: 88 +/- 47 days) were compared to those obtained in 27 normal infants for the first LEF and 10 normal infants for the second LFT, similar to the patients for birth weight and corporeal index (CI).