Development of Pyramidal Microwells for Enhanced Cell Spheroid Formation in a Cell-on-Chip Microfluidic System for Cardiac Differentiation of Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells.

Three-dimensional (3D) tissue culture models provide in vivo-like conditions for studying cell physiology. This study aimed to examine the efficiency of pyramidal microwell geometries in microfluidic devices on spheroid formation, cell growth, viability, and differentiation in mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs). The static culture using the hanging drop (HD) method served as a control.