[The Fieldmaster-200 computer perimeter: a comparative, controlled clinical study of its sensitivity and specificity in glaucomatous field defects (author's transl)].

The central visual fields of 119 glaucomatous eyes (78 patients) were evaluated under controlled conditions using the Goldmann kinetic perimeter and the Fieldmaster-200 automatic supra-threshold computer perimeter. Where there were qualitative differences between the two instruments, the high-resolution program 61 of the Octopus computer perimeter was used as a reference system. Central visual fields of 101 eyes were also studied using the Octopus 31 program.

[The relationship between pressure regulation and anatomic localization as well as trephine sites in goniotrepanation. A prospective study].

Long-term regulation of IOP after trephining procedures was studied in 65 eyes with regard to the anatomical localization of the trephine hole. The observation period ranged between six and 39 months. The anatomical localization had no statistically significant influence on long-term pressure regulation after surgery, nor on the immediate postoperative situation.

The long-term ocular and systemic effects of topically applied metoprolol tartrate in glaucoma and ocular hypertension.

Ten patients with ocular hypertension or glaucoma were treated over 4 months with the betablocker Metoprolol tartrate as 3% eye drops twice daily. Intraocular pressures were significantly lowered by the drug in all patients throughout the study. The mean initial IOP response was 36% relative decrease, the maintenance IOP decrease ranged between 23 and 30%.

[Computer perimetry of glaucomatous visual field defects at different stimulus sizes (author's transl)].

The influence of stimulus size in computer perimetry of central visual field defects was investigated in 30 glaucomatous eyes of 30 patients. 12 eyes had been studied utilizing stimulus size 1 and 3, 18 eyes with stimulus size 3 and 5 at the computer perimeter Octopus (program 31). Using large test targets small scotomata can be overlooked and identified field defects appear smaller and less deep.

Nadolol eye drops in glaucoma and ocular hypertension: a controlled clinical study of dose response and duration of action.

The betablocker nadolol was investigated with respect to dose-response relationship and duration of action on the basis of single-drop application in four groups of ten volunteers each. A significant dose-dependent IOP reduction could be verified between 0.3% and 2% drug concentration with increasing duration of action.

Nadolol and labetalol: comparative efficacy of two beta-blocking agents in glaucoma.

The beta-blocking agent Nadolol and the beta- and alpha-blocking agent Labetalol were screened for their potential efficacy on intraocular pressure (IOP) in glaucoma. Nadolol 2% and Labetalol 1% in aqueous solution were investigated in a single-dose manner on the basis of a double-masked clinical trial. Only Nadolol reduced IOP significantly which was maximal 4 h after drug application and had a duration of action of at least 6 h and less than 24 h.

The ocular responses of oral administration of penbutolol in the glaucomatous patient.

A single oral dose of 20 mg or 40 mg Penbutolol was given to two groups of ten untreated glaucoma patients. The drug significantly decreased intraocular pressure and was dose-related. The IOP response was paralleled with a decrease in pulse rate without significant effect on blood pressure.

[Measurement of ophthalmic blood pressure with the Mikuni dynamometer (author's transl)].

Comparative measurements of the ophthalmic arterial blood pressure (Mikuni ophthalmodynamometer) and the systemic blood pressure (Riva-Rocci sphygmomanometer) were carried out in 141 eyes of healthy subjects. There was a linear correlation between the two parameters (p < 0.001).

[Reproducibility of central visual field testing using kinetic or computerized static perimetry (author's transl)].

Under controlled conditions the differences between duplicated examinations with the Goldmann kinetic perimeter and the Krakau/Heijl static computerized perimeter were evaluated. Kinetic visual fields were obtained independently by two well trained examiners and duplicate examinations were performed by computer perimetry. The differences between the two examinations were statistically evaluated using quantitative criteria.

Patient information before cataract surgery.

Patients have to be informed before cataract surgery about possible complications, about chances and risks. This should be done in a written manner with additional verbal explanations. We documented all details of 4,300 cataract operations on computer-readable forms and obtained statistics on type and frequency of complications as well as visual acuity 1 week after the operation.

Cataract Surgery: types and frequencies of complications.

A total of 4,300 cataract extractions were evaluated with respect to operative complications and their effects on postoperative visual function. Severe vision-threatening complications such as vitreous or expulsive hemorrhage occurred in 6 of the 4,300 eyes; 726 eyes followed up over 1--3 years showed late complications in 0.44%--1.

[A follow-up study on the intraocular pressure response of timolol eye drops (author's transl)].

In 22 open-angle glaucoma patients a total of 39 eyes were treated with Timolol 0.25% twice daily for an average period of 12.6 months.

Infantile glaucoma in unilateral uveal ectropion.

Two case reports are presented where a unilateral uveal ectropion was associated with congenital and late infantile glaucoma. Ipsilateral to the anterior segment anomaly a dysgenetic angle was found to be the basis of the glaucomatous process. The clinical implication that when such an iris malformation is found in a young child the possibility of glaucoma must be considered is discussed in detail.

[First experiences with a written consent form for patients prior to cataract surgery (author's transl)].

The first experiences with a written consent form signed by patients prior to cataract surgery are presented. Details of possible surgical complications were discussed with the patient. The average time for this type of discussion was 15,6 min (7--30 min).

[The pressure reducing effects of pilocarpin in combination with Dipivalyl-epinephrine in glaucoma simplex (author's transl)].

We compared in two controlled studies the effect of pilocarpine 1% with the effect of pilocarpine 1% combined with 0,05% or 0,1% dipivalyl-epinephrine in patients with open-angle glaucoma. The pressure reducing effect of pilocarpine 1% was significantly increased and prolonged by the combination with dipivalyl-epinephrine. 0,1% dipivalyl-epinephrine + pilocarpine 1% did not have a more significant pressure reducing effect in our patients than 0,05% dipivalyl-epinephrine + pilocarpine 1%, but the reduction of pressure persisted longer.

[Measurement of arterial tension at the eye with the Stepanik arteriotonograph (author's transl)].

Comparative measurements of the ophthalmic artery pressure (using the Stepanik-ArteriotonographTM) and the brachial arterial pressure (sphygmomanometry according to Riva-Rocci) in 110 eyes are presented. There was a significant correlation (p less than 0,01) between both parameters. The mean systolic ophthalmic artery pressure was 114,5 mmHg, the diastolic pressure was 81,2 mmHg.

The intraocular pressure responses of low-dose bupranolol (Ophtorenin) and methazolamide (Neptazane) in glaucomatous eyes. A controlled clinical study.

In a single-dose, double-blind study, the minimum effective doses of bupranolol and methazolamide were established. The beta-blocker bupranolol (Ophtorenin, Dr. Winzer, Konstanz) in an oily solution reduced IOP significantly in a concentration of 0.

[The perimetry of the blind spot. A comparison of kinetic and static, computerized stratgies].

The reproducibility of perimetric results on the blind spot has been investigated under controllnt well-trained perimetrists on 178 eyes of 107 patients; the same eyes and patients were examined twice with the computer perimeter as well. Perimetric results obtained from 158 eyes were considered for statistics. There was qualitative agreement based on the alternative 'normal' or 'pathological' in kinetic perimetry in 74% of the double examinations and in 89% in computer perimetry.

[Comparative measurements of the ophthalmic arterial pressure using the Mikuni dynamometer and the Stepanik-arteriotonograph (author's transl)].

Comparative measurements of the ophthalmic arterial pressure have been performed in 102 eyes using the Mikuni dynamometer and the Stepanik-Arteriotonograph. There was a linear correlation between the results obtained with both methods (P less than 0.001).

[The effect of metoprolol on IOP (author's transl)].

The beta1-selective beta-blocking agent Metoprolol gave a significant intraocular pressure decrease in different groups of open angle glaucoma patients in a concentration of 1% and 3%. The magnitude of effect corresponded to 33% of the untreated pressure level. The maximum of the therapeutic response occured within 4 hrs after local application of the drug.

[The effect of low concentrations of pilocarpine with phenylephrine on intraocular pressure in glaucoma (author's transl)].

Orientating preliminary trials showed that the reducing action of pilocarpine on intraocular pressure is considerably enhanced by adding the alpha-receptor stimulant phenylephrine. Pilocarpine eyedrops 1% and pilocarpine drops 1% with phenylephrine 0.25% were compared in two double-blind crossover studies.

The response of ophthalmic arterial pressure to topically applied clonidine.

The effect of topically applied clonidine on aphthalmic arterial pressure was tested in three groups of open-angle glaucoma patients. In this test, 0.125% clonidine eye drops did not cause a statistically significant change in ophthalmic arterial pressure, but 0.

[Experimental investigations on the mode of action of alcoholic liquor on the intra-ocular pressure (author's transl)].

The reasons for the decrease of intraocular pressure after drinking of alcohol were examined. The dose of alcohol was 2 ml 38% Weinbrand per kg body weight, which corresponds to 53 ml pure alcohol for a person of 70 kg body weight. The tonographic data gave no correlation between the blood-alcohol level and the changes of intraocular pressure.