Identification and Counting of Pirapitinga Fingerlings Fish Using Machine Learning.

Identifying and counting fish are crucial for managing stocking, harvesting, and marketing of farmed fish. Researchers have used convolutional networks for these tasks and explored various approaches to enhance network learning. Batch normalization is one technique that improves network stability and accuracy.

Deletion of IFT20 exclusively in the RPE ablates primary cilia and leads to retinal degeneration.

Vision impairment places a serious burden on the aging society, affecting the lives of millions of people. Many retinal diseases are of genetic origin, of which over 50% are due to mutations in cilia-associated genes. Most research on retinal degeneration has focused on the ciliated photoreceptor cells of the retina.

[Intralogistics in the age of digital change: Job demands and mental strain in order picking using the example of a company from the e-commerce sector].

The e‑commerce sector is experiencing a continuous boom in logistics due to digitization. Along with mostly manual activities, people remain a decisive resource in the warehouse, which must be retained and integrated with a particular view to demographic change. In the article, the survey results of a field study with focus on the area of order picking, which was conducted at a large mail-order company, are described as an example and compared with survey results from other companies.

Bardet-Biedl syndrome proteins modulate the release of bioactive extracellular vesicles.

Primary cilia are microtubule based sensory organelles important for receiving and processing cellular signals. Recent studies have shown that cilia also release extracellular vesicles (EVs). Because EVs have been shown to exert various physiological functions, these findings have the potential to alter our understanding of how primary cilia regulate specific signalling pathways.

[Use of machine learning for the prediction of stress using the example of logistics].

Stress and its complex effects have been researched since the beginning of the 20th century. The manifold psychological and physical stressors in the world of work can, in sum, lead to disorders of the organism and to illness. Since the physical and subjective consequences of stress vary individually, no absolute threshold values can be determined.

Loss of Ciliary Gene Results in Physiological Defects in the Retinal Pigment Epithelium.

Primary cilia are sensory organelles vital for developmental and physiological processes. Their dysfunction causes a range of phenotypes including retinopathies. Although primary cilia have been described in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), little is known about their contribution to biological processes within this tissue.

CXCR5 CAR-T cells simultaneously target B cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and tumor-supportive follicular T helper cells.

CAR-T cell therapy targeting CD19 demonstrated strong activity against advanced B cell leukemia, however shows less efficacy against lymphoma with nodal dissemination. To target both B cell Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (B-NHLs) and follicular T helper (Tfh) cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME), we apply here a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) that recognizes human CXCR5 with high avidity. CXCR5, physiologically expressed on mature B and Tfh cells, is also highly expressed on nodal B-NHLs.

The entangled relationship between cilia and actin.

Primary cilia are microtubule-based sensory cell organelles that are vital for tissue and organ development. They act as an antenna, receiving and transducing signals, enabling communication between cells. Defects in ciliogenesis result in severe genetic disorders collectively termed ciliopathies.

Exploring the benefits and limitations of augmented reality for palletization.

Superimposing virtual visual information within the real world is referred to as augmented reality (AR). This technique becomes increasingly popular and due to technical advances can be applied to various purposes ranging from consumer entertainment to industrial use cases. Workplaces equipped with AR assistance-systems promise fast and accurate performance.

[The Role of WNT Signaling During Ciliary-Dependent RPE Development].

The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is a highly polarized single layer of block-shaped epithelial cells that are densely packed with melanin. They lie between the light sensitive external segments of the photoreceptors and the choroid. They play an essential role in the development of photoreceptors and have important functions in nutrient supply and maintenance, in retinal metabolism and in shielding the blood supply of the choroid.

Tissue-dependent differences in Bardet-Biedl syndrome gene expression.

Background Information: Primary cilia are highly conserved multifunctional cell organelles that extend from the cell membrane. A range of genetic disorders, collectively termed ciliopathies, is attributed to primary cilia dysfunction. The archetypical ciliopathy is the Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS), patients of which display virtually all symptoms associated with dysfunctional cilia.

Progressive Characterization of Visual Phenotype in Bardet-Biedl Syndrome Mutant Mice.

Purpose: Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS) is an archetypical ciliopathy caused by defective ciliary trafficking and consequent function. Insights gained from BBS mouse models are applicable to other syndromic and nonsyndromic retinal diseases. This progressive characterization of the visual phenotype in three BBS mouse models sets a baseline for testing therapeutic interventions.

Bardet-Biedl Syndrome proteins regulate cilia disassembly during tissue maturation.

Primary cilia are conserved organelles that mediate cellular communication crucial for organogenesis and homeostasis in numerous tissues. The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is a ciliated monolayer in the eye that borders the retina and is vital for visual function. Maturation of the RPE is absolutely critical for visual function and the role of the primary cilium in this process has been largely ignored to date.

Complexity of gap junctions between horizontal cells of the carp retina.

In the vertebrate retina, horizontal cells (HCs) reveal homologous coupling by gap junctions (gj), which are thought to consist of different connexins (Cx). However, recent studies in mouse, rabbit and zebrafish retina indicate that individual HCs express more than one connexin. To provide further insights into the composition of gj connecting HCs and to determine whether HCs express multiple connexins, we examined the molecular identity and distribution of gj between HCs of the carp retina.

A system to measure the Optokinetic and Optomotor response in mice.

Background: Visually evoked compensatory head movements (Optomotor responses) or eye movements (Optokinetic responses) are extensively used in experimental mouse models for developmental defects, pathological conditions, and testing the efficacy of therapeutic manipulations.

New Method: We present an automated system to measure Optomotor and Optokinetic responses under identical stimulation conditions, enabling a direct comparison of the two reflexes. A semi-automated calibration procedure and a commercial eye tracker are used to record angular eye velocity in the restrained animal.

[Effects of atypical employment on difficulties in falling asleep and maintaining sleep - gender differences in the lidA study].

Background And Aim: Due to the increasing flexibilisation of the European labour market, new forms of atypical work organisation have been arising. Atypical employment may cause negative health effects similar to unemployment. Considering the health-promoting relevance of sleep for work productivity, we investigate if different forms of atypical employment are associated with difficulties falling and maintaining asleep among middle-aged male and female employees.

Murine Double Minute-2 Prevents p53-Overactivation-Related Cell Death (Podoptosis) of Podocytes.

Murine double minute-2 (MDM2), an E3 ligase that regulates the cell cycle and inflammation, is highly expressed in podocytes. In podocyte injury, MDM2 drives podocyte loss by mitotic catastrophe, but the function of MDM2 in resting podocytes has not been explored. Here, we investigated the effects of podocyte MDM2 deletion in vitro and in vivo.

OMR-arena: automated measurement and stimulation system to determine mouse visual thresholds based on optomotor responses.

Measurement of the optomotor response is a common way to determine thresholds of the visual system in animals. Particularly in mice, it is frequently used to characterize the visual performance of different genetically modified strains or to test the effect of various drugs on visual performance. Several methods have been developed to facilitate the presentation of stimuli using computer screens or projectors.

Limited utility of algorithms predicting blood transfusions.

Background: Prediction of transfusion is presumed to reduce wastage rates in pre-operative autologus blood donation (PABD) and unnecessary providing and cross-matching in allogeneic transfusion. The clinical utility of published algorithms in predicting transfusions was analysed.

Materials And Methods: In a cohort of 195 patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty, after PABD, expected transfusion needs were predicted with two published algorithms (A and B).

Bright-light effects on cognitive performance in elderly persons working simulated night shifts: psychological well-being as a mediator?

Purpose: The present study examined whether the relationship between light exposure and cognitive functioning is mediated by psychological well-being in elderly persons working night shifts. The role of psychological well-being has been neglected so far in the relationship between bright light and cognitive performance. Sleepiness and mood were applied as indicators of psychological well-being.

Deformability of Red Blood Cells and Correlation with ATP Content during Storage as Leukocyte-Depleted Whole Blood.

BACKGROUND: Storage duration of red cells has been associated with increased morbidity and mortality following transfusion. This association has been attributed to the loss of deformability of stored red cells leading to deterioration of microvascular perfusion. ATP content is considered a critical determinant of the deformability of stored red cells.

The Platelet Function Analyzer (PFA-100) as a Screening Tool in Neurosurgery.

We investigated whether the inclusion of the PFA-100 in the preoperative screening of neurosurgical patients might reduce perioperative bleeding complications. Patients with intracranial space-occupying lesions who were scheduled for neurosurgery underwent routine preoperative PFA-100 testing. In case of an abnormal PFA test, patients received prophylactic treatment with desmopressin.

High speed coding for velocity by archerfish retinal ganglion cells.

Background: Archerfish show very short behavioural latencies in response to falling prey. This raises the question, which response parameters of retinal ganglion cells to moving stimuli are best suited for fast coding of stimulus speed and direction.

Results: We compared stimulus reconstruction quality based on the ganglion cell response parameters latency, first interspike interval, and rate.

The influence of maintaining the correct whole blood-to-anticoagulant ratio during donation on the quality of leukoreduced whole blood.

Background: It is unclear whether maintaining the correct whole blood-to-anticoagulant (WB : AC) ratio during collection can improve the quality of red blood cell (RBC)-containing blood products to a clinically relevant degree.

Study Design And Methods: A total of 2 × 20 CPDA-1 leukoreduced whole blood (WB) units suspended in CPDA-1 were investigated. In one group, AC was continuously added to the donated blood, maintaining the correct WB : AC ratio during collection, using a new drawing device (MacoPharma ABC).