Nodal radiotherapy for prostate adenocarcinoma recurrence: predictive factors for efficacy.

Background: Nodes are the second site for prostate cancer recurrence. Whole-pelvic radiotherapy (WPRT) has shown superiority over nodal stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) in two retrospective cohorts. We aimed to compare both modalities and assess factors associated with treatment outcomes.

Exploring the artificial intelligence "Trust paradox": Evidence from a survey experiment in the United States.

Advances in Artificial Intelligence (AI) are poised to transform society, national defense, and the economy by increasing efficiency, precision, and safety. Yet, widespread adoption within society depends on public trust and willingness to use AI-enabled technologies. In this study, we propose the possibility of an AI "trust paradox," in which individuals' willingness to use AI-enabled technologies exceeds their level of trust in these capabilities.

Resistance to COVID-19 vaccination and the social contract: evidence from Italy.

Confronted with stalled vaccination efforts against COVID-19, many governments embraced mandates and other measures to incentivize vaccination that excluded the unvaccinated from aspects of social and economic life. Even still, many citizens remained unvaccinated. We advance a social contract framework for understanding who remains unvaccinated and why.

(Mis)Information on Digital Platforms: Quantitative and Qualitative Analysis of Content From Twitter and Sina Weibo in the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Background: Misinformation about COVID-19 on social media has presented challenges to public health authorities during the pandemic. This paper leverages qualitative and quantitative content analysis on cross-platform, cross-national discourse and misinformation in the context of COVID-19. Specifically, we investigated COVID-19-related content on Twitter and Sina Weibo-the largest microblogging sites in the United States and China, respectively.

The impact of sarcopenia on survival and treatment tolerance in patients with head and neck cancer treated with chemoradiotherapy.

Background: Sarcopenia appears to be a negative prognostic factor for poor survival outcomes and worse treatment tolerance in patients with head-and-neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). We evaluated sarcopenia's impact on overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS) and chemo-radiation tolerance in patients with head-and-neck cancer (HNC) treated with chemoradiotherapy (CRT) from a monocentric observational study.

Methods: We identified patients with HNC treated by CRT between 2009 and 2018 with pretreatment imaging using positron emission tomography-computed tomography scans (PET/CT).

COVID-19 booster uptake among US adults: Assessing the impact of vaccine attributes, incentives, and context in a choice-based experiment.

Objective: Evidence shows that booster shots offer strong protection against the Omicron variant of COVID-19. However, we know little about why individuals would receive a booster compared to the initial decision to vaccinate. We investigate and assess the factors that affect individuals' reported willingness to receive the COVID-19 vaccine booster.

Bladder preservation in older adults with muscle-invasive bladder cancer: A retrospective study with concurrent chemotherapy and twice-daily hypofractionated radiotherapy schedule.

Introduction: Bladder cancer occurs mainly in older adults and surgery is not always possible when there are geriatric conditions and comorbidities. Trimodal treatment (TMT) combining trans-urethral resection of bladder tumour (TURBT) followed by concurrent chemoradiation (CRT) would be a curative alternative in such patients.

Materials And Methods: All consecutive patients 75 years of age and older with non-metastatic muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) treated with TMT by Georges Pompidou European Hospital team were retrospectively analysed.

Communication about vaccine efficacy and COVID-19 vaccine choice: Evidence from a survey experiment in the United States.

While mass vaccination campaigns against COVID-19 have inoculated almost 200 million Americans and billions more worldwide, significant pockets of vaccine hesitancy remain. Research has firmly established that vaccine efficacy is an important driver of public vaccine acceptance and choice. However, current vaccines offer widely varying levels of protection against different adverse health outcomes of COVID-19.

How do COVID-19 vaccine mandates affect attitudes toward the vaccine and participation in mandate-affected activities? Evidence from the United States.

The spread of COVID-19 has prompted many governments, schools, and companies to institute vaccine mandates. Proponents suggest that mandates will enhance public health and increase vaccination rates. Critics suggest that evidence of mandates' effectiveness is unclear and warn that mandates risk increasing societal inequalities if unvaccinated minority groups opt out of educational, commercial, and social activities where mandates are required.

The Relationship between US Adults' Misconceptions about COVID-19 Vaccines and Vaccination Preferences.

While mass vaccination has blunted the pandemic in the United States, pockets of vaccine hesitancy remain. Through a nationally representative survey of 1027 adult Americans conducted in February 2021, this study examined individual misconceptions about COVID-19 vaccine safety; the demographic factors associated with these misconceptions; and the relationship between misconceptions and willingness to vaccinate. Misconceptions about vaccine safety were widespread.

COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and hesitancy in low- and middle-income countries.

Widespread acceptance of COVID-19 vaccines is crucial for achieving sufficient immunization coverage to end the global pandemic, yet few studies have investigated COVID-19 vaccination attitudes in lower-income countries, where large-scale vaccination is just beginning. We analyze COVID-19 vaccine acceptance across 15 survey samples covering 10 low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) in Asia, Africa and South America, Russia (an upper-middle-income country) and the United States, including a total of 44,260 individuals. We find considerably higher willingness to take a COVID-19 vaccine in our LMIC samples (mean 80.

[Impact of neck dissection in N2-3 oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas treated with definitive chemoradiotherapy: An observational real-life study].

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy in terms of neck failure of an initial neck dissection before definitive chemoradiotherapy in N2-3 oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas, as well as the dosimetric impact and the acute and delayed morbidity of this approach.

Materials And Methods: All patients consecutively treated between 2009 and 2018 with definitive chemoradiotherapy using intensity-modulated conformal radiotherapy (IMRT) for a histologically proven N2-3 oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas were retrospectively included. The therapeutic approach consisted of induction chemotherapy, followed by cisplatine-based chemoradiotherapy preceded or not by neck dissection.

Public attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccination: The role of vaccine attributes, incentives, and misinformation.

While efficacious vaccines have been developed to inoculate against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2; also known as COVID-19), public vaccine hesitancy could still undermine efforts to combat the pandemic. Employing a survey of 1096 adult Americans recruited via the Lucid platform, we examined the relationships between vaccine attributes, proposed policy interventions such as financial incentives, and misinformation on public vaccination preferences. Higher degrees of vaccine efficacy significantly increased individuals' willingness to receive a COVID-19 vaccine, while a high incidence of minor side effects, a co-pay, and Emergency Use Authorization to fast-track the vaccine decreased willingness.

Factors influencing Covid-19 vaccine acceptance across subgroups in the United States: Evidence from a conjoint experiment.

Public health officials warn that the greatest barrier to widespread vaccination against Covid-19 will not be scientific or technical, but the considerable public hesitancy to take a novel vaccine. Understanding the factors that influence vaccine acceptance is critical to informing public health campaigns aiming to combat public fears and ensure broad uptake. Employing a conjoint experiment embedded on an online survey of almost 2,000 adult Americans, we show that the effects of seven vaccine attributes on subjects' willingness to vaccinate vary significantly across subgroups.

Americans' perceptions of privacy and surveillance in the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objective: To study the U.S. public's attitudes toward surveillance measures aimed at curbing the spread of COVID-19, particularly smartphone applications (apps) that supplement traditional contact tracing.

Factors Associated With US Adults' Likelihood of Accepting COVID-19 Vaccination.

Importance: The development of a coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine has progressed at unprecedented speed. Widespread public uptake of the vaccine is crucial to stem the pandemic.

Objective: To examine the factors associated with survey participants' self-reported likelihood of selecting and receiving a hypothetical COVID-19 vaccine.

Model uncertainty, political contestation, and public trust in science: Evidence from the COVID-19 pandemic.

While scientific uncertainty always invites the risk of politicization and raises questions of how to communicate about science, this risk is magnified for COVID-19. The limited data and accelerated research timelines mean that some prominent models or findings inevitably will be overturned or retracted. In this research, we examine the attitudes of more than 6000 Americans across five different survey experiments to understand how the cue giver and cue given about scientific uncertainty regarding COVID-19 affect public trust in science and support for science-based policy.

[New concepts of medical consultation in oncology].

New concepts of medical consultations are currently disrupting the practice of medicine. The use of standardized questionnaires, or patient-reported outcome (PRO and ePRO) has already significantly changed the relationship between the physician and the patient. Telemedicine, or even automatic conversational agents, such as chatbots, are also providing more convenient access to care and medical information for many patients.

Acceptability of Robotic-Assisted Exercise Coaching Among Diverse Youth: Pilot Study.

Background: Almost 80% of adolescents do not achieve 60 minutes or more of physical activity each day as recommended by current US national guidelines. There is a need to develop and promote interventions that increase physical activity among adolescents. With increased interest in digital technologies among adolescents, robotic-assisted platforms are a novel and engaging strategy to deliver physical activity interventions.

[Stereotactic pulmonary radiotherapy: Which machine?].

Stereotactic radiotherapy represents a fundamental change in the practice of radiotherapy of lung cancers. Despite the great heterogeneity of sites, techniques, and doses, most studies found a high local control rate, around 70 to 90% at 2 years, and reduced toxicity, around 5% of grade 3 at 2 years. Stereotactic radiotherapy can be realized either by a dedicated accelerator (CyberKnife) or by a conventional accelerator associated with specific systems.

[Stereotactic body radiotherapy of oligometastases: Main pending trials and to come in France].

Stereotactic radiotherapy of oligometastases, mono- or hypofractionated, represents a fundamental change in the practice of the specialty as it was developed for a century. Despite the great heterogeneity of sites, techniques, and doses, most studies found a high local control rate, around 70 to 90% at 2 years, and reduced toxicity, around 5% of grade 3 at 2 years. Four main phase II and III trials are underway in France.