Comparing the different sets of item-diagnostic criteria of the Coma Recovery Scale-Revised (CRS-R): a measurement-based approach driven by Rasch analysis.

Objectives: (1) to replicate the assessment of the internal construct validity of the Coma Recovery Scale-Revised (CRS-R) within the Rasch Measurement Theory framework using a larger multicenter sample size; (2) to compare the different sets of item diagnostic criteria against the measurement ruler constructed from Rasch analysis to understand how those criteria relate to the overall level of persons' consciousness.

Design: Multicenter retrospective study.

Setting: Seven centers.

Surgical treatment of refractory low back pain using implanted BurstDR spinal cord stimulation (SCS) in a cohort of patients without options for corrective surgery: Findings and results from the DISTINCT study, a prospective randomized multi-center-controlled trial.

Background: Low back pain (LBP) is a highly prevalent, disabling condition affecting millions of people. Patients with an identifiable anatomic pain generator and resulting neuropathic lower extremity symptoms often undergo spine surgery, but many patients lack identifiable and/or surgically corrective pathology. Nonoperative treatment options often fail to provide sustained relief.

Mixed Tin Valence in the Tin(II/IV)-Nitridophosphate SnPN.

SnPN combines the structural versatility of nitridophosphates and Sn within one compound. It was synthesized as dark gray powder in a high-pressure high-temperature reaction at 800 °C and 6 GPa from SnN and PN. The crystal structure was elucidated from single-crystal diffraction data (space group C2/m (no.

In Ischemic Heart Disease, Reduced Sensitivity to Pressure at the Sternum Accompanies Lower Mortality after Five Years: Evidence from a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Autonomic nervous system dysfunction (ANSD) is associated with negative prognosis of ischemic heart disease (IHD). Elevated periosteal pressure sensitivity (PPS) at the sternum relates to ANSD and sympathetic hyperactivity. Two previous observational case-control studies of the effect of reduction of PPS suggested lower all-cause mortality from IHD and stroke.

Measuring child and adolescent well-being in Denmark: Validation and norming of the Danish KIDSCREEN-10 child/adolescent version in a national representative sample of school pupils in grades five through eight.

KIDSCREEN-10 is a generic instrument for measuring global health-related quality of life among 8-18-year-old children and adolescents. This study examines the criterion-related construct validity and psychometric properties of the Danish language version of the KIDSCREEN-10 using Rasch models. A further aim was to construct Danish norms based on the resulting person parameter estimates from the Rasch models.

Treatment of Refractory Low Back Pain Using Passive Recharge Burst in Patients Without Options for Corrective Surgery: Findings and Results From the DISTINCT Study, a Prospective Randomized Multicenter Controlled Trial.

Objective: Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is effective for relieving chronic intractable pain conditions. The Dorsal spInal cord STImulatioN vs mediCal management for the Treatment of low back pain study evaluates the effectiveness of SCS compared with conventional medical management (CMM) in the treatment of chronic low back pain in patients who had not undergone and were not candidates for lumbar spine surgery.

Methods And Materials: Patients were randomized to passive recharge burst therapy (n = 162) or CMM (n = 107).

Finding Order in Disorder: The Highly Disordered Lithium Oxonitridophosphate Double Salt Li P O N (x=1.4(5)).

The crystalline lithium oxonitridophosphate Li P O N , was obtained in an ampoule synthesis from P N and Li O. The compound crystallizes in the triclinic space group P with a=5.125(2), b=9.

The Early Functional Abilities-revised may bridge the gap between the disorder of consciousness and the functional independence scales: evidence from Rasch analysis.

Background: There is a tremendous clinical and research need to bridge the gap between disorder of consciousness and functional independence scales with a single unidimensional measure in people with acquired brain injury.

Aim: To calibrate an essentially unidimensional subset of items from the Italian Early Functional Abilities (EFA), demonstrating internal construct validity and sufficient reliability for individual patient measurement.

Design: Multicenter observational cross-sectional study.

Prospective, randomized, multicenter study of intraosseous basivertebral nerve ablation for the treatment of chronic low back pain: 24-Month treatment arm results.

Background: Vertebral endplates, innervated by the basivertebral nerve, can be a source of vertebrogenic low back pain when damaged with inflammation, visible as types 1 or 2 Modic changes. A randomized controlled trial (RCT) compared basivertebral nerve ablation (BVNA) to standard care (SC) showed significant differences between arms at 3 and 6-months. At 12-months, significant improvements were sustained for BVNA.

Prospective, randomized, multicenter study of intraosseous basivertebral nerve ablation for the treatment of chronic low back pain: 12-month results.

Introduction: Vertebral endplates, innervated by the basivertebral nerve (BVN), are a source of chronic low back pain correlated with Modic changes. A randomized trial comparing BVN ablation to standard care (SC) recently reported results of an interim analysis. Here, we report the results of the full randomized trial, including the 3-month and 6-month between-arm comparisons, 12-month treatment arm results, and 6-month outcomes of BVN ablation in the former SC arm.

Reduction of Pressure Pain Sensitivity as Novel Non-pharmacological Therapeutic Approach to Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Trial.

Background: Autonomic nervous system dysfunction (ANSD) is known to affect glucose metabolism in the mammalian body. Tradition holds that glucose homeostasis is regulated by the peripheral nervous system, and contemporary therapeutic intervention reflects this convention.

Objectives: The present study tested the role of cerebral regulation of ANSD as consequence of novel understanding of glucose metabolism and treatment target in type 2 diabetes (T2D), suggested by the claim that the pressure pain sensitivity (PPS) of the chest bone periosteum may be a measure of cerebral ANSD.

Psychometric validation of PROM instruments.

The aim was to provide an overview of the different statistical methods for validation of patient-reported outcome measures, ranging from simple statistical methods available in all software packages to advanced statistical models that require specialized software. A non-technical summary of classical test theory (CTT) and modern test theory (MTT) is provided. Specifically, confirmatory factor analysis, item response theory, and Rasch analysis is outlined.

What is a PROM and why do we need it?

The purpose of this article was to introduce the reader to the nature of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) and pitfalls in their use. PROMs collect subjective information directly from the patient regarding specific or general conditions and add to clinical and functional outcomes, and turn unmeasurable subjective qualities into quantitative measures. PROMs are questionnaires consisting of items: questions or statements with predefined response options.

Cross-diagnostic scale-banking using rasch analysis: Developing a common reference metric for generic and health condition-specific scales in people with rheumatoid arthritis and stroke.

Objectives: To develop a common reference metric of functioning, incorporating generic and health condition-specific disability instruments, and to test whether this reference metric is invariant across 2 health conditions.

Design: Psychometric study using secondary data analysis. Firstly, the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) Linking Rules were used to examine the concept equivalence between the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS 2.

The DISABKIDS generic and diabetes-specific modules are valid but not directly comparable between Denmark, Sweden, and Norway.

Background/objectives: Government guidance promote benchmarking comparing quality of care including both clinical values and patient reported outcome measures in young persons with type 1 diabetes. The aim was to test if the Nordic DISABKIDS health-related quality of life (HrQoL) modules were construct valid and measurement comparable within the three Nordic countries.

Methods: Data from three DISABKIDS validation studies in Sweden, Denmark, and Norway were compared using Rasch and the graphical log-linear Rasch modeling.

Assessment of cognitive ability at conscription for the Danish army: Is a single total score sufficient?

Børge Priens Prøve (BPP) was developed for the Danish Army by psychologist Børge Prien in the 1950s, as a test of general cognitive ability for use at conscription for the Danish armed forces. The final BPP (1957) had four subtests; a Raven-like matrix subtest, and three subtests measuring verbal, numerical, and visuospatial ability. The BPP is a speeded test counting the number of correct responses within 45 minutes.

Test equating sleep scales: applying the Leunbach's model.

Background: In most cases, the total scores from different instruments assessing the same construct are not directly comparable, but must be equated. In this study we aimed to illustrate a novel test equating methodology applied to sleep functions, a domain in which few score comparability studies exist.

Methods: Eight scales from two cross-sectional self-report studies were considered, and one scale was common to both studies.

Assessment of family functioning in families with a child diagnosed with type 1 diabetes: Validation and clinical relevance of the general functioning subscale of the McMaster family assessment device.

Background: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) can have a negative effect on family functioning, which is associated with deterioration in metabolic control. Therefore, a valid tool for assessing family functioning is clinically relevant. We assessed the quality and validity of the Danish general functioning (GF) subscale of the family assessment device (FAD).

Construct validity of a service-setting based measure to identify mental health problems in infancy.

Accumulating research document the needs of intervention towards mental health problems in early childhood. The general child health surveillance offers opportunities for early detection of mental health vulnerability, conditioned the availability of feasible and validated measures. The Copenhagen Infant Mental Health Questionnaire, CIMHQ, was developed to be feasible for community health nurses and comprehensive regarding the range of mental health problems seen in infancy.

A step towards a new delimitation of functional somatic syndromes: A latent class analysis of symptoms in a population-based cohort study.

Objectives: The current delimitation of functional somatic syndromes (FSS) is inconsistent. We aimed to investigate somatic symptom profiles in the general adult population to contribute to a new, data-driven delimitation of FSS.

Methods: Information on 31 self-reported somatic symptoms used in the delimitation of various FSS and bodily distress syndrome (BDS) was obtained from the DanFunD study-a population-based cohort study on 9656 adults (participation 33.

Validation of the Early Functional Abilities scale: An assessment of four dimensions in early recovery after traumatic brain injury.

Objective: The Early Functional Abilities scale assesses the restoration of brain function after brain injury, based on 4 dimensions. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the validity, objectivity, reliability and measurement precision of the Early Functional Abilities scale by Rasch model item analysis. A secondary objective was to examine the relationship between the Early Functional Abilities scale and the Functional Independence Measurement™, in order to establish the criterion validity of the Early Functional Abilities scale and to compare the sensitivity of measurements using the 2 instruments.

A Danish version of self-efficacy in diabetes self-management: A valid and reliable questionnaire affected by age and sex.

Background: Managing the chronic illness type 1 diabetes (T1D) is extremely demanding, especially during adolescence. Self-efficacy is belief in one's own capabilities and this is crucial for diabetes management. Having a valid method for measuring self-efficacy is important.

Somatic symptom profiles in the general population: a latent class analysis in a Danish population-based health survey.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to identify and describe somatic symptom profiles in the general adult population in order to enable further epidemiological research within multiple somatic symptoms.

Methods: Information on 19 self-reported common somatic symptoms was achieved from a population-based questionnaire survey of 36,163 randomly selected adults in the Capital Region of Denmark (55.4% women).

Item analysis using Rasch models confirms that the Danish versions of the DISABKIDS® chronic-generic and diabetes-specific modules are valid and reliable.

Background: Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) has a negative impact on psychological and overall well-being. Screening for Health-related Quality of Life (HrQoL) and addressing HrQoL issues in the clinic leads to improved well-being and metabolic outcomes. The aim of this study was to translate the generic and diabetes-specific validated multinational DISABKIDS® questionnaires into Danish, and then determine their validity and reliability.