Simple assessment of the efficacy of peritoneal transport in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients.

The efficacy of peritoneal transport was assessed in 13 permeability studies in 11 continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients. During each study the in situ intraperitoneal volume was measured as well as the dialysate and plasma concentrations of various solutes with a molecular weight range from 60 to 5,500. As clearance estimations are unsuitable for the purpose of permeability studies, mass transfer area coefficients were used.

Heparin versus low molecular weight heparin K 2165 in chronic hemodialysis patients: a randomized cross-over study.

Ten patients on chronic intermittent hemodialysis treatment received either unfractionated heparin or low molecular weight (LMW) heparin K 2165 in a single-blinded randomized cross-over study to assess: effects on hemostasis and ex vivo platelet functions, and effectiveness, i.e. prevention of fibrin formation in the extracorporeal circuit.

CAPD peritonitis: a prospective randomized trial of oral versus intraperitoneal treatment with cephradine.

In a prospective randomized clinical trial 84 peritonitis episodes were treated with cephradine, either orally or intraperitoneally. No difference in treatment outcome between both groups could be demonstrated. In episodes caused by susceptible micro-organisms a good response was seen in 82% in the oral and 82% in the intraperitoneal groups.

A circadian rhythm of proteinuria in patients with a nephrotic syndrome.

Circadian variations in proteinuria were studied in 17 patients with different types of glomerulopathies. During 3-4 successive days urine was collected over periods of 3 h under standardized conditions. Thirteen of the 17 patients showed a circadian rhythm of their proteinuria with a maximum excretion in daytime around 16.

Surgical problems in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD).

The surgical technique of implantation of peritoneal catheters for continuous ambulatory dialysis (CAPD) is described and the catheter-related complications are discussed. Our experience with 37 implanted catheters in 27 patients is presented. No mortality was encountered in our series in relation to implantation and CAPD.

Reversible stenosis of the renal artery in cadaver kidney grafts: a report of three cases.

Regression of segmental renal artery stenosis was observed in three recipients of cadaver kidney allografts. At the time the stenoses were diagnosed the patients were severely hypertensive, had decreased renal function and elevated plasma renin activities. They were treated with antihypertensives and two of them with dipyridamole.

Improvement of bleeding time, platelet aggregation and platelet count during CAPD treatment.

Mean bleeding time in 11 uraemic patients improved from 11.2 (range 3.5--20) before the 5.

Relationship of propranolol pharmacokinetics to antihypertensive effect and beta-adrenergic blockade in the treatment of hypertension.

The pharmacokinetics of propranolol in 16 hypertensive patients was compared after the first oral dose of 80 mg and during chronic treatment with 80 mg bd. The degree of beta-adrenergic blockade was estimated by the reduction in maximal exercise heart rate. No significant change in plasma half-life occurred and there was no correlation between the mean steady-state propranolol concentration and beta-adrenergic blockade or antihypertensive effect.

Baroreflex sensitivity in hypertension during beta-adrenergic blockade.

Baroreceptor function was measured in 18 patients with essential hypertension by plotting the change in pulse interval against a phenylephrine-induced transient rise in systolic blood pressure. The influence of propranolol (160 mg daily for at least 4 weeks) on this function and on heart rate after maximal exercise was studied and correlated with the plasma propranolol level. In 13 out of the 18 patients only baroreflex resetting occurred with no change in sensitivity during propranolol administration.