[Treatment of nasal obstruction].

Various methods of treatment of impaired nasal patency are presented calling attention to the fact that the most frequent cause of impairment of nasal respiration is deviation of the nasal septum associated with unilateral or bilateral hypertrophy of inferior turbinates. Impaired nasal breathing leads to frequent recurrences of respiratory infections. Restoration of normal breathing route and physiological role of the nase, among others, warming and moistening of inspired air, is an important and ever present problem in laryngology.

[Disturbances of upper airway patency and their sequelae].

The authors present their investigations of the effects of upper airway compromise from hypertrophy of lymphoid tissue, nasal polyps, deviated nasal septum and hypertrophy of the nasal conchae. All the patients were under the age of 18 years. Methods of assessing children with airway compromise include 6-hour polysomnography (PSG).

Glycolipids and glycopeptides of red cell membranes in congenital dyserythropoietic anaemia type II (CDA II).

The composition and structure of neutral and acidic oligoglycosylceramides, polyglycosylceramides and polyglycosylpeptides were determined in erythrocyte membranes of two patients with congenital dyserythropoietic anaemia type II. In keeping with previous studies we found an elevated accumulation in CDA II erythrocytes of LacCer, Lc3Cer and nLc4Cer. Gb4Cer was elevated in erythrocytes of only one of the two patients tested.

Structure and blood-group I activity of poly(glycosyl)-ceramides.

Nitrous acid deamination of N-deacetylated blood-group O poly(glycosyl)ceramides resulted in a complete degradation of the glycolipids to give O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1 leads to 4)-2,5-anhydro-D-mannose, O-alpha-L-fucopyranosyl-(1 leads to 2)-O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1 leads to 4)-2,5-anhydro-D-mannose, lactosylceramide, and small proportions of free 2,5-anhydro-D-mannose. A series of straight-chain glycolipids containing up to six glycosyl residues and comprising alternating 3-O-substituted D-galactosyl and 4-O-substituted 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucosyl residues was isolated from partial acid hydrolyzates of poly(glycosyl)ceramides. Branching points of 3,6-di-O-substituted and 6-O-substituted D-galactosyl residues were observed only in fractions containing more than six glycosyl residues.

Isolation and characterization of poly(glycosyl)ceramides (megaloglycolipids) with A, H and I blood-group activities.

Very complex glycosphingolipids with A, H and I blood-group activities were isolated from human erythrocyte membranes. The membranes were obtained from erythrocytes of blood group A, A2 and O respectively. A general formula for the antigens is: (Fuc)3-4(Gal)n(LlcNAc)n-2(Glc)1(Sphingosine)1(where Fus is fucose, Gal is galactose, GlcNAc is N-acetylglucosamine and Glc is glucose) with values of n ranging from 10-27.