Do perilunate dislocations and fracture-dislocations result in different radiological outcomes following wrist alignment reconstruction? A single-center retrospective study including 51 patients with perilunate injuries.

Introduction: Perilunate dislocations (PLD) and perilunate fracture-dislocations (PLFD) are high-energy wrist injuries often linked to significant post-traumatic osteoarthritis. This study aims to determine whether PLD and PLFD yield different radiological outcomes following surgical treatment while identifying prognostic factors for worse outcomes.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 51 patients treated for perilunate injuries between 2000 and 2022.

Acute remote ischemic conditioning enhances (CD3+)- but not (FoxP3+)-T-cell invasion in the tumor center and increases IL 17 and TNF-alpha expression in a murine melanoma model.

Introduction: Hypoxia can drive tumor progression, suppress anti-tumor immunity, and reduce the effectiveness of radiotherapy and chemotherapy. This study aimed to assess the impact of remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) on tumor oxygenation (sO2) and the anti-tumor immune response.

Material And Methods: Fourteen B16-Ova tumor-bearing C57BL/6N mice received six 5-minute RIC cycles, while another fourteen underwent anesthesia only.

Corrigendum: How general is the natural frequency effect? The case of joint probabilities.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.

A novel aurone RNA CAG binder inhibits the huntingtin RNA-protein interaction.

Huntington's disease (HD) is a devastating, incurable condition whose pathophysiological mechanism relies on mutant RNA CAG repeat expansions. Aberrant recruitment of RNA-binding proteins by mutant CAG hairpins contributes to the progress of neurodegeneration. In this work, we identified a novel binder based on an aurone scaffold that reduces the level of binding of HTT mRNA to the MID1 protein .

Evidence for compensatory evolution within pleiotropic regulatory elements.

Pleiotropy, measured as expression breadth across tissues, is one of the best predictors for protein sequence and expression conservation. In this study, we investigated its effect on the evolution of regulatory elements (CREs). To this end, we carefully reanalyzed the Epigenomics Roadmap data for nine fetal tissues, assigning a measure of pleiotropic degree to nearly half a million CREs.

Controlling phase separations and reactions in trapped microfluidic droplets.

Microfluidics and droplet-based assays are the basis for numerous high-throughput experiments, including bio-inspired microreactors and selection platforms for directed evolution. While elaborate techniques are available for the production of picoliter-sized droplets, there is an increasing demand for subsequent manipulation and control of the droplet interior. Here, we report on a straightforward method to rapidly adjust the size of single to several hundred double-emulsion droplets in a microfluidic sieve by varying the carrier fluid's salt concentration.

Trust in government moderates the association between fear of COVID-19 as well as empathic concern and preventive behaviour.

With the COVID-19 pandemic, behavioural scientists aimed to illuminate reasons why people comply with (or not) large-scale cooperative activities. Here we investigated the motives that underlie support for COVID-19 preventive behaviours in a sample of 12,758 individuals from 34 countries. We hypothesized that the associations of empathic prosocial concern and fear of disease with support towards preventive COVID-19 behaviours would be moderated by trust in the government.

Is overweight a predictor for a more severe course of disease in cases of necrotizing fasciitis?

Purpose: Necrotizing fasciitis is a rare but severe soft tissue infection, and its diagnosis is difficult and often delayed. Immediate treatment comprising extensive debridement, highly dosed broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy and intensive care is necessary to prevent fatal outcomes. Considering the global rise in overweight patients and the known negative effects of obesity on the immune system, the aim of this study was to analyze whether overweight results in a more severe course of necrotizing fasciitis, worse outcomes and an increased mortality rate among overweight patients compared than in normal weight patients.

An End-User Evaluation of Blast Overpressure and Accelerative Impact Body-Worn Sensors.

Introduction: Blast overpressure and accelerative impact can produce concussive-like symptoms in service members serving both garrison and deployed environments. In an effort to measure, document, and improve the response to these overpressure and impact events, the U.S.

Practical applications of soil microbiota to improve ecosystem restoration: current knowledge and future directions.

Soil microbiota are important components of healthy ecosystems. Greater consideration of soil microbiota in the restoration of biodiverse, functional, and resilient ecosystems is required to address the twin global crises of biodiversity decline and climate change. In this review, we discuss available and emerging practical applications of soil microbiota into (i) restoration planning, (ii) direct interventions for shaping soil biodiversity, and (iii) strategies for monitoring and predicting restoration trajectories.

The effects of TGF-β-induced activation and starvation of vitamin A and palmitic acid on human stem cell-derived hepatic stellate cells.

Background: Hepatic stellate cells (HSC) have numerous critical roles in liver function and homeostasis, while they are also known for their importance during liver injury and fibrosis. There is therefore a need for relevant in vitro human HSC models to fill current knowledge gaps. In particular, the roles of vitamin A (VA), lipid droplets (LDs), and energy metabolism in human HSC activation are poorly understood.

Development of narcissism across the life span: A meta-analytic review of longitudinal studies.

This meta-analytic review investigated the development of narcissism across the life span, by synthesizing the available longitudinal data on mean-level change and rank-order stability. Three factors of narcissism were examined: agentic, antagonistic, and neurotic narcissism. Analyses were based on data from 51 samples, including 37,247 participants.

An FDA-Validated, Self-Cleaning Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry System for Determining Small-Molecule Drugs and Metabolites in Organoid/Organ-on-Chip Medium.

As organoids and organ-on-chip (OoC) systems move toward preclinical and clinical applications, there is an increased need for method validation. Using a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based approach, we developed a method for measuring small-molecule drugs and metabolites in the cell medium directly sampled from liver organoids/OoC systems. The LC-MS setup was coupled to an automatic filtration and filter flush system with online solid-phase extraction (SPE), allowing for robust and automated sample cleanup/analysis.

Cell identity dynamics and insight into insulin secretagogues when employing stem cell-derived islets for disease modeling.

Stem cell-derived islets (SC-islets) are not only an unlimited source for cell-based therapy of type 1 diabetes but have also emerged as an attractive material for modeling diabetes and conducting screening for treatment options. Prior to SC-islets becoming the established standard for disease modeling and drug development, it is essential to understand their response to various nutrient sources . This study demonstrates an enhanced efficiency of pancreatic endocrine cell differentiation through the incorporation of WNT signaling inhibition following the definitive endoderm stage.

A quantitative analysis of microcirculation during healing of split-thickness skin grafts in standardized full-thickness wounds.

Background: Full-thickness skin defects often are managed with split-thickness skin grafting. The wound healing process, including formation of new vessels during the healing of skin grafts, is complex.

Objective: To evaluate the microcirculatory changes in the treated tissue after skin grafting to analyze perfusion dynamics during the wound healing process.

Evidence of reassortment of avian influenza A (H2) viruses in Brazilian shorebirds.

Influenza A viruses of the H2 subtype represent a zoonotic and pandemic threat to humans due to a lack of widespread specific immunity. Although A(H2) viruses that circulate in wild bird reservoirs are distinct from the 1957 pandemic A(H2N2) viruses, there is concern that they could impact animal and public health. There is limited information on AIVs in Latin America, and next to nothing about H2 subtypes in Brazil.

Local adaptation to climate inferred from intraspecific variation in plant functional traits along a latitudinal gradient.

Ascertaining the traits important for acclimation and adaptation is a critical first step to predicting the fate of populations and species facing rapid environmental change. One of the primary challenges in trait-based ecology is understanding the patterns and processes underpinning functional trait variation in plants. Studying intraspecific variation of functional traits across latitudinal gradients offers an excellent approach to assess associations with environmental factors, which naturally covary along these spatial scales such as the local climate and soil profiles.

How general is the natural frequency effect? The case of joint probabilities.

Natural frequencies are known to improve performance in Bayesian reasoning. However, their impact in situations with two binary events has not yet been completely examined, as most researchers in the last 30 years focused only on conditional probabilities. Nevertheless, situations with two binary events consist of 16 elementary probabilities and so we widen the scope and focus on joint probabilities.

Severe Burn Injuries - The Day the Sodium Starts Rising.

Background/aim: The current study was designed to evaluate the etiologies of hypernatremic episodes in patients with severe burn injuries in comparison to critically ill non-burn patients.

Patients And Methods: The retrospective data acquisition was limited to the first 14 days and to patients with at least 20% total body surface area (TBSA) 2 degree burn injuries or more than 10% TBSA when including areas of 3 degree burn injuries. The results were compared to the results of a previously published study that analyzed the risk factors for hypernatremia in 390 non-burn intensive care unit patients.

Acoustic Wave-Induced Stroboscopic Optical Mechanotyping of Adherent Cells.

In this study, a novel, high content technique using a cylindrical acoustic transducer, stroboscopic fast imaging, and homodyne detection to recover the mechanical properties (dynamic shear modulus) of living adherent cells at low ultrasonic frequencies is presented. By analyzing the micro-oscillations of cells, whole populations are simultaneously mechanotyped with sub-cellular resolution. The technique can be combined with standard fluorescence imaging allowing to further cross-correlate biological and mechanical information.

Mapping of Thoracodorsal Artery Perforators: Accuracy of Thermography and Handheld Doppler.

Background:  The versatile musculocutaneous latissimus dorsi flap and the thoracodorsal artery (TDA) perforator flap have developed into indispensable approaches in reconstructive surgery. While the anatomy of the TDA is consistent, the skin perforators vary in location and course. Dynamic infrared thermography (DIRT) recently gained popularity for perforator identification; however, its use and accuracy in thoracodorsal artery perforator (TDAP) mapping is yet to be determined.

Comparative gene co-expression networks show enrichment of brassinosteroid and vitamin B processes in a seagrass under simulated ocean warming and extreme climatic events.

Introduction: Ocean warming combined with extreme climatic events, such as marine heatwaves and flash flooding events, threaten seagrasses globally. How seagrasses cope with these challenges is uncertain, particularly for range-edge populations of species such as in Shark Bay, Western Australia. Analyzing gene expression while manipulating multiple stressors provides insight into the genetic response and resilience of seagrasses to climate change.