Pde3a and Pde3b regulation of murine pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell growth and metabolism.

A role for metabolically active adipose tissue in pulmonary hypertension (PH) pathogenesis is emerging. Alterations in cellular metabolism in metabolic syndrome are triggers of PH-related vascular dysfunction. Metabolic reprogramming in proliferative pulmonary vascular cells causes a metabolic switch from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis.

Single-center experience of utilization and clinical efficacy of segmented leads for subthalamic deep brain stimulation in Parkinson's disease.

Background: Segmented electrodes for deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) in Parkinson's disease (PD) enable directional current steering leading to expanded programming options.

Objective: This retrospective study covering a longitudinal period of up to 7 years compares the efficacy of segmented and non-segmented leads in motor symptom alleviation and reduction of dopaminergic medication in PD patients treated in a specialized center and assesses the long-term use of directional steering in clinical routine.

Methods: Demographic data and clinical scores before surgery and at 12-month follow-up (12MFU) as well as stimulation parameters at 12MFU and last follow-up (LFU) were assessed in all patients implanted with segmented leads between 01/2016 and 12/2019 and non-segmented leads in a corresponding time-period.

Searches for new physics below twice the electron mass with GERDA.

Unlabelled: A search for full energy depositions from bosonic keV-scale dark matter candidates of masses between 65 and 1021 keV has been performed with data collected during Phase II of the GERmanium Detector Array (Gerda) experiment. Our analysis includes direct dark matter absorption as well as dark Compton scattering. With a total exposure of 105.

[An extremely rare case of multiple recurrences of urothelial carcinoma in an ileal neobladder: a case report and review of the literature].

In up to 18% of patients, recurrence is observed after curative radical cystectomy. Tumour recurrence occurs in most cases in the locoregional lymph node, as well as in the remaining urinary tract, but very rarely in the orthotopic neobladder. We report a case of multiple recurrence of urothelial carcinoma solely in the orthotopic neobladder of a male patient, 10 years after surgery, without involvement of the urethra or upper urinary tract.

Retinal integrity in human babesiosis: a pilot study.

Background: Prior case reports and animal studies have reported on potential ophthalmologic complications of babesiosis, but this issue has not previously been addressed in a cohort of patients with babesiosis. This cross-sectional descriptive pilot study evaluated the retinas of patients with acute babesiosis to determine if retinal abnormalities are a feature of the disease.

Methods: We screened all patients admitted to Yale New Haven Hospital with laboratory confirmed babesiosis during the summer of 2023 and obtained informed consent.

Plasma extracellular vesicle tau and TDP-43 as diagnostic biomarkers in FTD and ALS.

Minimally invasive biomarkers are urgently needed to detect molecular pathology in frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Here, we show that plasma extracellular vesicles (EVs) contain quantifiable amounts of TDP-43 and full-length tau, which allow the quantification of 3-repeat (3R) and 4-repeat (4R) tau isoforms. Plasma EV TDP-43 levels and EV 3R/4R tau ratios were determined in a cohort of 704 patients, including 37 genetically and 31 neuropathologically proven cases.

Tafenoquine for Relapsing Babesiosis: A Case Series.

Background: Relapsing babesiosis often occurs in highly immunocompromised patients and has been attributed to the acquisition of resistance against drugs commonly used for treatment such as atovaquone, azithromycin, and clindamycin. Tafenoquine, which is approved for malaria prophylaxis and presumptive antirelapse treatment of Plasmodium vivax malaria, has shown activity against Babesia microti in several animal models of acute infection and in a single human case of relapsing babesiosis. Here, we report 5 cases of relapsing babesiosis treated with tafenoquine, including the previous case, and begin to define the conditions for optimal use of tafenoquine in relapsing babesiosis.

Method Development for the Prediction of Melt Quality in the Extrusion Process.

Simulation models are used to design extruders in the polymer processing industry. This eliminates the need for prototypes and reduces development time for extruders and, in particular, extrusion screws. These programs simulate, among other process parameters, the temperature and pressure curves in the extruder.

Absence of Anti-Babesia microti antibody in commercial intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG).

Background: Babesiosis is a worldwide emerging protozoan infection that is associated with a spectrum of disease severity from asymptomatic infection to severe organ damage and death. While effective treatment strategies are available, some immunocompromised patients experience severe acute and prolonged/relapsing illness due in part to an impaired host antibody response. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) has been used as an adjunctive therapy in some immunocompromised babesiosis patients, but its therapeutic effect is uncertain.

Photo-excited charge transfer from adamantane to electronic bound states in water.

Aqueous nanodiamonds illuminated by UV light produce free solvated electrons, which may drive high-energy reduction reactions in water. However, the influence of water conformations on the excited-state electron-transfer mechanism are still under debate. In this work, we offer a theoretical study of charge-transfer states in adamantane-water structures obtained by linear-response time-dependent density-functional theory.

Immune Control in Repeated Infection in a Patient With B-Cell Deficiency.

The immunology of human babesiosis is poorly investigated. We present a comprehensive investigation of a 75-year-old man with B-cell deficiency who experienced 3 episodes of babesiosis over a 6-year period. Slowly evolving clinical immunity was observed, as evidenced by milder clinical symptoms and lower peak parasite burden after each subsequent babesiosis episode.

[Pacemaker, organ or walking stick? Pre-op association with and post-op subjective perception of a deep brain stimulation device].

Aim Of The Study: This study was conducted in a pre-post design with a survey of patients who had undergone deep brain stimulation (DBS) as treatment for a neurological movement disorder. The aim of the study was to compare patients' expectations and beliefs before a DBS intervention with patients' subjective experience of this intervention.

Methodology: The longitudinal study of patients (n=132) with an indication for DBS therapy was based on a written survey at the time points of preoperative screening (pre-op) and one-year follow-up (post-op).

Development of recombinant rotavirus carrying herpes simplex virus 2 glycoprotein D gene based on reverse genetics technology.

Vaccine development for herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2) has been attempted, but no vaccines are yet available. A plasmid-based reverse genetics system for Rotavirus (RV), which can cause gastroenteritis, allows the generation of recombinant RV containing foreign genes. In this study, we sought to develop simian RV (SA11) as a vector to express HSV-2 glycoprotein D (gD2) and evaluated its immunogenicity in mice.

Final Results of GERDA on the Two-Neutrino Double-β Decay Half-Life of ^{76}Ge.

We present the measurement of the two-neutrino double-β decay rate of ^{76}Ge performed with the GERDA Phase II experiment. With a subset of the entire GERDA exposure, 11.8 kg yr, the half-life of the process has been determined: T_{1/2}^{2ν}=(2.

Local Field Potentials Predict Motor Performance in Deep Brain Stimulation for Parkinson's Disease.

Background: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an effective treatment option for patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). However, clinical programming remains challenging with segmented electrodes.

Objective: Using novel sensing-enabled neurostimulators, we investigated local field potentials (LFPs) and their modulation by DBS to assess whether electrophysiological biomarkers may facilitate clinical programming in chronically implanted patients.

Invasive neurophysiology and whole brain connectomics for neural decoding in patients with brain implants.

Brain computer interfaces (BCI) provide unprecedented spatiotemporal precision that will enable significant expansion in how numerous brain disorders are treated. Decoding dynamic patient states from brain signals with machine learning is required to leverage this precision, but a standardized framework for identifying and advancing novel clinical BCI approaches does not exist. Here, we developed a platform that integrates brain signal decoding with connectomics and demonstrate its utility across 123 hours of invasively recorded brain data from 73 neurosurgical patients treated for movement disorders, depression and epilepsy.

Disparities Associated With Total Joint Arthroplasty Transfusion Rates.

Background: Infections, readmissions, and mortalities after total joint arthroplasty (TJA) are serious complications, and transfusions have been associated with increased complication rates following TJA. Certain populations, including women, Black patients, patients who have public insurance and older adults have higher risks of transfusion. Recently, there has been a decline in transfusion rates and a greater emphasis on equity in medicine.