Energy Metabolites and Indicative Significance of α-Ketoglutarate and α-Ketoglutaramate in Assessing the Progression of Chronic Hepatoencephalopathy.

In the example of a rat model with chronic hepatoencephalopathy (HE), changes in the organ morphology of rats affect the balance of metabolites of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and metabolites of the glutamine-glutamate (Gln-Glu) cycle, namely α-ketoglutarate (αKG) and α-ketoglutaramate (αKGM), as well as the enzymes associated with them, ω-amidase (ωA) and glutamine transaminase (GTK). This model of rats was obtained as a result of 2-22 weeks of consumption by animals of hepatotoxin thioacetamide (TAA) added to drinking water at a concentration of 0.4 g/L.

Changes of Coenzyme A and Acetyl-Coenzyme A Concentrations in Rats after a Single-Dose Intraperitoneal Injection of Hepatotoxic Thioacetamide Are Not Consistent with Rapid Recovery.

Small biomolecules, such as coenzyme A (CoA) and acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA), play vital roles in the regulation of cellular energy metabolism. In this paper, we evaluated the delayed effect of the potent hepatotoxin thioacetamide (TAA) on the concentrations of CoA and acetyl-CoA in plasma and in different rat tissues. Administration of TAA negatively affects liver function and leads to the development of hepatic encephalopathy (HE).

The hematobiochemical status of Wistar rat line under the bovine leukemia virus experimental infection.

Aim: This study aimed to elucidate the ability of the bovine leukemia virus (BLV) to integrate into cells of heterologous organisms, in particular, Wistar rats, and examine the manifestations of the pathological process that could be seen in them.

Materials And Methods: Wistar rats - were divided into three groups. The first group (I) was fed milk of intact cows, the second (II) - milk of BLV-infected cows, and the third (III) - milk of cows, clinically BLV sick.

[Milk raw materials from retrovirus infected cows: questions of safety and quality of produced products].

The questions of quality control and safety of milk raw materials has always been relevant for the dairy industry. One of the most common cattle infection is bovine leukemia (causative agent - BLV), which often occurs in conjunction with a closely related infection -bovine immunodeficiency (causative agent - BIV). These retroviruses are considered to be species-specific, so the key issue for the dairy industry is the nutritional and raw value of milk of infected cows (without clinical signs).

Examining Patient Willingness to Pay for Magnetic Resonance Imaging Guided Prostate Biopsy: Implications in the Era of Health Savings Accounts.

Introduction: The proliferation of health savings accounts has empowered patients to participate in medical decisions through a direct financial incentive. Using conjoint analysis we examined how much extra patients with a health savings account would be willing to pay for magnetic resonance imaging-transrectal ultrasound fusion guided prostate biopsy over transrectal ultrasound guided prostate biopsy.

Methods: We enrolled men who were 55 to 70 years old from a general urology clinic.

[The clinical significance of the lamotrigine pharmacokinetic variability].

Aim: To estimate pharmacokinetic variability of lamotrigine (LTG) and its clinical significance.

Material And Methods: One hundred patients, including 74 women, aged from 18 to 77 years (38.23±14.

Genes WHEAT FRIZZY PANICLE and SHAM RAMIFICATION 2 independently regulate differentiation of floral meristems in wheat.

Background: Inflorescences of wheat species, spikes, are characteristically unbranched and bear one sessile spikelet at a spike rachis node. Development of supernumerary spikelets (SSs) at rachis nodes or on the extended rachillas is abnormal. Various wheat morphotypes with altered spike morphology, associated with the development of SSs, present an important genetic resource for studies on genetic regulation of wheat inflorescence development.

Genetic differentiation and karyotype variation in Hedysarum chaiyrakanicum, an endemic species of Tuva Republic, Russia.

Overgrazing and mining affect vegetation, particularly in mountains. At times, it goes to such an extent that the plant species become vulnerable and slowly extinct from its habitat. Such endemic species need to be protected.

[Investigation of morphogenesis of inflorescence and determination of the nature of inheritance of "supernumerary spikelets" trait of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) mutant line].

Using C-banding and FISH methods, the karyotype of MC1611 induced mutant of bread wheat, which develop additional spikelets at a rachis node (trait "supernumerary spikelets") was characterized. It was determined that the mutant phenotype is not associated with aneuploidy and major chromosomal rearrangements. The results of genetic analysis showed that supernumerary spikelets of the line are caused by a mutation of the single bh-D.

FRIZZY PANICLE drives supernumerary spikelets in bread wheat.

Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) inflorescences, or spikes, are characteristically unbranched and normally bear one spikelet per rachis node. Wheat mutants on which supernumerary spikelets (SSs) develop are particularly useful resources for work towards understanding the genetic mechanisms underlying wheat inflorescence architecture and, ultimately, yield components. Here, we report the characterization of genetically unrelated mutants leading to the identification of the wheat FRIZZY PANICLE (FZP) gene, encoding a member of the APETALA2/Ethylene Response Factor transcription factor family, which drives the SS trait in bread wheat.

[Results of proximal vertebral arteries endovascular interventions].

To evaluate immediate and long-term clinical and ultrasound efficacy of proximal vertebral arteries stenting. We studied 74 subjects (age 61+/-10 years) who underwent transluminal balloon angioplasty with stenting of vertebral arteries (77 vessels). Technical success (i.

Peculiarities of excited state structure and photoluminescence in Bi(3+)-doped Lu(3)Al(5)O(12) single-crystalline films.

Single-crystalline films of Lu(3)Al(5)O(12):Bi, prepared by the liquid phase epitaxy method from the melt-solution based on Bi(2)O(3) flux, have been studied at 4.2-400 K by time-resolved luminescence spectroscopy methods. Their emission spectra consist of two types of bands with strongly different characteristics.

Defects creation under UV irradiation of PbWO4 crystals.

A systematic study of photothermally stimulated defects creation processes is carried out by the thermally stimulated luminescence (TSL) method for a large number of undoped and doped PbWO4 crystals under irradiation at 80-180 K in the 3.4-4.3 eV energy range.

[Asymptomatic stenoses and thromboses of the carotid arteries: hemodynamic and ultrasound aspects].

The problem of asymptomatic stenoses of the internal carotid artery (ICA) has become a matter of great concern especially after ultrasonography of the great arteries of the head and, first of all, duplex scanning were introduced on a wide-scale basis into practice of the physicians of varying specialties. The growing population of patients with asymptomatic stenoses raises the problem of their further management with the purpose of preventing ischemic stroke. In connection with significant advances in vascular surgery carotid endarterectomy (CEE) has assumed an increasing role in the treatment of carotid stenoses.

[Cryogenic ENT applicator].

A cryogenic ENT applicator, model K-22 has been designed and recommended for clinical use. The applicator unit comprises an independent container filled with liquid nitrogen and connected to a cooling tip 2 mm in diameter by capillary tubes. The applicator is used for the destruction of neoplasms by cryogenic action in hardly accessible places in the aural, pharyngeal and nasal cavities.

[Self-contained neurosurgical cryoprobe].

A cryoprobe with an interchangeable container (vessel) holding the cryoprobe has been designed, this enabling it to dispense with the use of hoses to deliver the coolant to and remove it from the Dewar vessel and the vacuum pump. The cryogenic action provided for by a single ampoule lasts 5 minutes. The small diameter of the cryoprobe makes for a minimal traumatization of the surrounding structures, while the absence of connecting hoses makes for its easy handling.