[Diagnosis of benign laryngeal tumors using neural network].

The article describes our experience in developing and training an artificial neural network based on artificial intelligence algorithms for recognizing the characteristic features of benign laryngeal tumors and variants of the norm of the larynx based on the analysis of laryngoscopy pictures obtained during the examination of patients. During the preparation of data for training the neural network, a dataset was collected, labeled and loaded, consisting of 1471 images of the larynx in digital formats (jpg, bmp). Next, the neural network was trained and tested in order to recognize images of the norm and neoplasms of the larynx.

[Application of the biofeedback method in the treatment of dysphonia (literature review)].

The literature review describes the experience of using the biofeedback method in the treatment of dysphonia of various etiologies. Indications for the use of this method and its effectiveness in a certain contingent of patients are discussed.

[The intermediate outcomes of delegation of obligations of medicinal support of patients with rare diseases to the Federal level in 2019-2020].

Lately, in case of a number of life-threatening and chronic progressive rare (orphan) diseases, resulting in decreasing of life expectancy of citizens or their disability, the powers to support patients with medications were transferred from regional to federal level. Among these diseases are hemolytic uremic syndrome, mucopolysaccharidose type I, II, VI, juvenile arthritis with systemic onset, unspecified aplastic anemia, hereditary deficiency of factors II (fibrinogen), VII (labile), X (Stuart-Prauer). The article considers data concerning hemolytic uremic syndrome, mucopolysaccharidosis type I, II, VI, juvenile arthritis with systemic onset - the diseases for which medication support provision was transferred to Federal level in the first place and for which at the time of preparation of the article there were sufficient data to analyze.

Peptidoglycan-Free Bacterial Ghosts Confer Enhanced Protection against Infection.

To develop a modern plague vaccine, we used hypo-endotoxic   bacterial ghosts (BGs) with combinations of genes encoding the bacteriophage ɸX174 lysis-mediating protein E and/or holin-endolysin systems from λ or L-413C phages. Expression of the protein E gene resulted in the BGs that retained the shape of the original bacterium. Co-expression of this gene with genes coding for holin-endolysin system of the phage L-413C caused formation of structures resembling collapsed sacs.

[The use of drug based on technologically processed antibodies to endocannabinoid receptor type 1 in the treatment of obesity in adults: results of a multicenter double blind placebo controlled randomized clinical trial].

Aim: To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of Dietressa at a dose of 6 tablets per day for 24 weeks in the treatment of patients with Class 1 obesity. To compare the clinical efficacy of two treatment regimens (1 tablet 6 times per day and 2 tablets 3 times per day) for 24 weeks in the treatment of patients with Class 1 obesity.

Materials And Methods: A clinical trial included 493 patients with Class 1 obesity from 18 to 65 years.

[The cost of specialized medical care of children under spinal muscular atrophy in Moscow].

The spinal muscular atrophy is neuromuscular disease caused by mutations in SMN1 gene. The clinical picture of disease is characterized by progressive muscular weakness and atrophy associated with degeneration of spine, and in severe cases by affection of motor neurons of lower bulbar cells. The spinal muscular atrophy progressing course resulting in disability and infant mortality.

Whole-Genome Assembly of Yersinia pestis 231, the Russian Reference Strain for Testing Plague Vaccine Protection.

We report the whole-genome sequence of subsp. bv. Antiqua strain 231 belonging to the 0.

[The analysis of detection of rare diseases not included into listings of orphan diseases with preferential medication support].

The study was carried out to analyze detection of rare diseases that are not included into listings of rare (orphan) diseases to be treated at the expense of budget resources of the Russian Federation Russian Federation (hereinafter referred as rare diseases out of reimbursement). The analysis of detection of patients with rare diseases out of reimbursement in Russian Federation was carried out. The information was collected and summarized on the basis of open sources by the way of formalized personal request to the heads of patient and public organizations providing care of patients with rare diseases out of reimbursement.

[Genetic Risk Factors of Macrovascular Complications in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes].

High risk of macrovascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is caused by insulin resistance and atherogenic dyslipidemia that may be genetically determined. The aim of this study was to assess the association of polymorphic genetic variants APOA5 (S19W/rs3135506), CETP (Taq1B/rs708272), PON1 (Q192R /rs662) and PPARG (Pro12Ala /rs1801282) with T2DM and macrovascular complications in patients with T2DM resident in Northwestern Russia. We examined 386 patients with T2DM and 199 healthy controls.

[Poly- β -Hydroxybutyrate Accumulation by Rhodobacter sphaeroides Phase Variants].

The Rand M variants of a purple photosynthetic bacterium Rhodobacter sphaeroides 2R grown on a medium with acetate accumulate poly- β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB). Accumulation of this polymer occurs in the cells grown either anaerobically on the light or aerobically in the dark. On the medium with C/N imbalance (C/N = 4), PHB content during the stationary growth phase under aerobic conditions in the dark was 40 and 70% of the dry biomass of the R and M variant, respectively.

[metabolism of the phase variants of the phototrophic bacterium Rhodobacter sphaeroides].

Growth, bacteriochlorophyll a content, electron transport chain (ETC), and activities of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle enzymes were studied in R and M phase variants of Rhodobactersphaeroides cells grown anaerobically in the light and aerobically in the dark. Under all cultivation conditions tested, bacteriochlorophyll a content was 2-3 times lower in the cells of the M. variant compared to the R variant, which therefore was predominant in the cultures grown in the light.

Reconstruction of bacteriochlorophyll biosynthesis pathways in the filamentous anoxygenic phototrophic bacterium Oscillochloris trichoides DG-6 and evolution of anoxygenic phototrophs of the order Chloroflexales.

It is commonly accepted that green filamentous anoxygenic phototrophic (FAP) bacteria are the most ancient representatives of phototrophic micro-organisms. Modern FAPs belonging to the order Chloroflexales are divided into two suborders: Chloroflexineae and Roseiflexineae. Representatives of Roseiflexineae lack chlorosomes and synthesize bacteriochlorophyll a, whereas those of Chloroflexineae synthesize bacteriochlorophylls a and c and utilize chlorosomes for light harvesting.

[Comparative study of metabolism of the purple photosynthetic bacteria grown in the light and in the dark under anaerobic and aerobic conditions].

For three species of anoxygenic phototrophic alphaproteobacteria differing in their reaction to oxygen and light, physiological characteristics (capacity for acetate assimilation, activity of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle enzymes, respiration, and the properties of the oxidase systems) were studied. Nonsulfur purple bacteria Rhodobacter sphaeroides, Rhodobaca bogoriensis, and aerobic anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria Roseinatronobacter thiooxidans were the subjects of investigation. All these organisms were able to grow under aerobic conditions in the dark using the respiratory system with cytochrome aa3 as the terminal oxidase.

CO2 mediated interaction in yeast stimulates budding and growth on minimal media.

Here we show that carbon dioxide (CO2) stimulates budding and shortens the lag-period of Saccharomyces cerevisiae cultures, grown on specific weak media. CO2 can be both exogenous and secreted by another growing yeast culture. We also show that this effect can be observed only in the lag-period, and demonstrate minimal doses and duration of culture exposition to CO2.

[Gene IL6 G(-174)C and gene IL10 G(-1082)A polymorphisms are associated with unfavourable outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndrome].

We investigated the association of gene IL6 G(-174)C polymorphism and gene IL10 G(-1082)A polymorphism with coronary artery disease (CAD) in the Russian population. A total of 1145 patients with CAD diagnose on the basis of clinical studies in cardiological hospitals of Moscow, St -Petersburg, Kazan, Chelyabinsk, Perm, Stavropol and Rostov-on-Don. Supervision term was 9.

[Polymorphic markers G(-455)A of gene FGB and C(-1654)T of gene PROC and genetic predisposition to unfavorable outcomes patients undergoing acute coronary syndrome].

We investigated the association of polymorphisms of genes FGB G(-455)A and PROCC(-1654)T with coronary artery disease (CAD) in the Russian population. A total of 1145 patients with CAD diagnose on the basis of clinical studies in cardiological hospitals of Moscow, St. Petersburg, Kazan, Chelyabinsk, Perm, Stavropol and Rostov-on-Don.

[Polymorphism of ACE, angiotensin II, NO-synthase, estrogen receptor genes and gender differences in their effects on development of cardiovascular pathology].

Genetic factors determine resistance or susceptibility to development of many cardiovascular diseases. The study of polymorphisms of gene candidayes is a perpective approach in detection of risk and prognosis of outcomes of cardiovascular diseases. Most studied with the help of proven base genes are: ACE gene, angiotensin II gene, NO synthase gene, and estrogen receptor gene.

[Prognostic value of atrial fibrillation in patients--survivors of acute coronary syndrome].

For the study of contribution of atrial fibrillation (AF) during acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in long-term prognosis after clinical stabilization we examined 453 patients admitted to Moscow hospitals and followed them for 2.07 +/- 0.48 years.

[Phenotypic properties of Sulfobacillus thermotolerans: comparative aspects].

The phenotypic characteristics of the species Sulfobacillus thermotolerans Kr1(T), as dependent on the cultivation conditions, are described in detail. High growth rates (0.22-0.

[The dependence of intracellular ATP level on the nutrition mode of the acidophilic bacteria Sulfobacillus thermotolerans and Alicyclobacillus tolerans].

The dynamics of the ATP pool in the aerobic spore-forming acidothermophilic mixotrophic bacteria Sulfobacillus thermotolerans Kr1T and Alicyclobacillus tolerans K1T were studied in the course of their chemolithoheterotrophic, chemoorganoheterotrophic, and chemolithoautotrophic growth. It was established that, during mixotrophic growth, the maximum ATP concentrations in the cells of S. thermotolerans Kr1 and A.

[Mechanism of cyanide and thiocyanate decomposition by an association of Pseudomonas putida and Pseudomonas stutzeri strains].

The intermediate and terminal products of cyanide and thiocyanate decomposition by individual strains of the genus Pseudomonas, P. putida strain 21 and P. stutzeri strain 18, and by their association were analyzed.

[The mechanism of acetate assimilation in purple nonsulfur bacteria lacking the glyoxylate pathway: enzymes of the citramalate cycle in Rhodobacter sphaeroides].

The mechanism of acetate assimilation by the purple nonsulfur bacterium Rhodobacter sphaeroides, which lacks the glyoxylate shortcut, has been studied. In a previous work, proceeding from data on acetate assimilation by Rba. sphaeroides cell suspensions, a suggestion was made regarding the operation, in this bacterium, of the citramalate cycle.

[The mechanism of acetate assimilation in purple nonsulfur bacteria lacking the glyoxylate pathway: acetate assimilation in Rhodobacter sphaeroides cells].

The mechanism of acetate assimilation in the purple nonsulfur bacterium Rhodobacter sphaeroides, which lacks the glyoxylate pathway, is studied. It is found that the growth of this bacterium in batch and continuous cultures and the assimilation of acetate in cell suspensions are not stimulated by bicarbonate. The consumption of acetate is accompanied by the excretion of glyoxylate and pyruvate into the medium, stimulated by glyoxylate and pyruvate, and inhibited by citramalate.