Pathologically altered articular cartilage attracts intense chondrocyte invasion into the extracellular matrix: in vitro pilot study.

Background: Due to non-vascularized and aneural structure, articular cartilage has limited self-repairing capacity. The aim of this study was to investigate the revitalization of inflammatory injured articular cartilage matrices by human nasal chondrocytes (hNC).

Materials And Methods: Cartilage matrix was prepared by devitalization of articular cartilage samples obtained intraoperatively from an adult patient undergoing knee joint replacement.

Post-Implantation Inflammatory Responses to Xenogeneic Tissue-Engineered Cartilage Implanted in Rabbit Trachea: The Role of Cultured Chondrocytes in the Modification of Inflammation.

Immune responses to tissue-engineered grafts made of xenogeneic materials remain poorly studied. The scope of current investigations is limited by the lack of information on orthotopically implanted grafts. A deeper understanding of these processes is of great importance since innovative surgical approaches include the implantation of xenogeneic decellularized scaffolds seeded by cells.

Experimental Correction and Treatment of Chronic Liver Failure Using Implantable Cell-Engineering Constructs of the Auxiliary Liver Based on a Bioactive Heterogeneous Biopolymer Hydrogel.

Unlabelled: Our study sought approaches for chronic liver failure (CLF) treatment and correction via cell-engineered constructs (CECs). They are built from biopolymer-based, microstructured, and collagen-containing hydrogel (BMCG). We also strove to evaluate the functional activity of BMCG in liver regeneration.

Biomechanical Behaviors and Degradation Properties of Multilayered Polymer Scaffolds: The Phase Space Method for Bile Duct Design and Bioengineering.

This article reports the electrospinning technique for the manufacturing of multilayered scaffolds for bile duct tissue engineering based on an inner layer of polycaprolactone (PCL) and an outer layer either of a copolymer of D,L-lactide and glycolide (PLGA) or a copolymer of L-lactide and ε-caprolactone (PLCL). A study of the degradation properties of separate polymers showed that flat PCL samples exhibited the highest resistance to hydrolysis in comparison with PLGA and PLCL. Irrespective of the liquid-phase nature, no significant mass loss of PCL samples was found in 140 days of incubation.

Angiogenic Modification of Microfibrous Polycaprolactone by pCMV-VEGF165 Plasmid Promotes Local Vascular Growth after Implantation in Rats.

Insufficient vascular growth in the area of artificial-material implantation contributes to ischemia, fibrosis, the development of bacterial infections, and tissue necrosis around the graft. The purpose of this study was to evaluate angiogenesis after implantation of polycaprolactone microfiber scaffolds modified by a pCMV-VEGF165-plasmid in rats. Influence of vascularization on scaffold degradation was also examined.

Recombinant Spidroin Microgel as the Base of Cell-Engineered Constructs Mediates Liver Regeneration in Rats.

: In this study, we seek to check if recombinant spidroin rS1/9 is applicable for cell-engineering construct development. Novel technologies of cell and tissue engineering are relevant for chronic liver failure management. Liver regeneration may represent one of the possible treatment options if a cell-engineered construct (CEC) is used.

Minimally Manipulated Bone Marrow-Derived Cells Can Be Used for Tissue Engineering In Situ and Simultaneous Formation of Personalized Tissue Models.

Red bone marrow and autologous bone tissue (bone fragments and bone chips) of the donor were harvested intraoperatively during autoplasty of talus bone defect. Titanium chips were obtained by grinding a fragment of a microporous titanium-coated hip arthroplasty (Zimmer). Bone marrow mononuclear cells were isolated in the operating room, and bone and titanium fragments were incubated with a suspension of mononuclear cells.

Engineering of Tracheal Grafts Based on Recellularization of Laser-Engraved Human Airway Cartilage Substrates.

Objective: Implantation of tissue-engineered tracheal grafts represents a visionary strategy for the reconstruction of tracheal wall defects after resections and may develop into a last chance for a number of patients with severe cicatricial stenosis. The use of a decellularized tracheal substrate would offer an ideally stiff graft, but the matrix density would challenge efficient remodeling into a living cartilage. In this study, we hypothesized that the pores of decellularized laser-perforated tracheal cartilage (LPTC) tissues can be colonized by adult nasal chondrocytes (NCs) to produce new cartilage tissue suitable for the repair of tracheal defects.

Mesenchymal stromal cell therapy alone does not lead to complete restoration of skin parameters in diabetic foot patients within a 3-year follow-up period.

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) administration is an effective option for the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs). However, to date, studies assessing long-term outcomes and evaluating skin parameters after cell-based therapy are lacking. We presented the clinical outcomes of 3 patients, treated for DFUs with the bone marrow MSCs 3 years earlier.

Pb: Production Approaches and Targeted Therapy Applications.

Over the last decade, targeted alpha therapy has demonstrated its high effectiveness in treating various oncological diseases. Lead-212, with a convenient half-life of 10.64 h, and daughter alpha-emitter short-lived Bi ( = 1 h), provides the possibility for the synthesis and purification of complex radiopharmaceuticals with minimum loss of radioactivity during preparation.

Misdiagnosis of diabetic foot ulcer in patients with undiagnosed skin malignancies.

A growing number of studies report dermal malignancies mimicking diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs). We reviewed clinical cases reporting malignant tumours misdiagnosed to be DFU aiming to identify factors contributing to misdiagnosis. We systematically searched in PubMed for clinical cases reporting on misdiagnosis of DFU in patients with cancer.

Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Enhance Vascularization and Epithelialization within 7 Days after Gingival Augmentation with Collagen Matrices in Rabbits.

Soft gingival tissue deficiency remains a severe problem leading to postoperative recession, peri-implantitis, and bone resorption. The use of collagen matrices does not always lead to complete rebuilding of the gingiva volume. The application of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) simultaneously with collagen materials represents a promising approach for the restoration of soft gingival tissues.

Co-growth of Stem Cells With Target Tissue Culture as an Easy and Effective Method of Directed Differentiation.

The long-term co-culture of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESC) with rat endothelial cells (EC) was tested for contact differentiation into the endothelial lineage. Serial passaging of rat ECs mixed with mESC in ratio 10:1 resulted in the emergence of a homogeneous cell population expressing mouse endothelial surface markers CD102, CD29, CD31. Rat endothelial surface marker RECA-1 completely disappeared from the co-cultured population after 2 months of weekly passaging.

Extension of Maximal Lifespan and High Bone Marrow Chimerism After Nonmyeloablative Syngeneic Transplantation of Bone Marrow From Young to Old Mice.

The goal of this work was to determine the effect of nonablative syngeneic transplantation of young bone marrow (BM) to laboratory animals (mice) of advanced age upon maximum duration of their lifespan. To do this, transplantation of 100 million nucleated cells from BM of young syngeneic donors to an old nonablated animal was performed at the time when half of the population had already died. As a result, the maximum lifespan (MLS) increased by 28 ± 5%, and the survival time from the beginning of the experiment increased 2.

A Novel Lipopeptaibol Emericellipsin A with Antimicrobial and Antitumor Activity Produced by the Extremophilic Fungus .

Soil fungi are known to contain a rich variety of defense metabolites that allow them to compete with other organisms (fungi, bacteria, nematodes, and insects) and help them occupy more preferential areas at the expense of effective antagonism. These compounds possess antibiotic activity towards a wide range of other microbes, particularly fungi that belong to different taxonomical units. These compounds include peptaibols, which are non-ribosomal synthesized polypeptides containing non-standard amino acid residues (alpha-aminoisobutyric acid mandatory) and some posttranslational modifications.

Human endometrial stem cells: High-yield isolation and characterization.

Background: Menstrual blood is only recently and still poorly studied, but it is an abundant and noninvasive source of highly proliferative mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). However, no appropriate isolation method has been reported due to its high viscosity and high content of clots and desquamated epithelium.

Methods: We studied three different isolation approaches and their combinations: ammonium-containing lysing buffer, distilled water and gradient-density centrifugation.

[The Possibilities of Cell Technologies in the Treatment of Cicatricial Lesions of the Vocal Folds].

The article is a brief review of publications devoted to the problem of persistent dysphonia. The main cause of voice disorders is the scarring of the vocal folds resulting from trauma, surgical manipulation, inflammatory process. Treatment of cicatricial lesions of the vocal folds remains a challenge, as far as existing methods do not ensure the recovery of the ultrastructure of the vocal folds.

[PLGA mesh-collagen hybrid scaffold and tissue-engineered product in substitution urethroplasty: experimental validation].

Urethral strictures are a pressing issue in modern medicine. Substitution urethroplasty is considered one of the most effective treatment methods. However, despite the surgery showing good results, many problems remain unresolved, one being substitute material deficiency in extensive or recurrent strictures, as well as in cases requiring multistage surgeries, including those used to treat hypospadias.

[Correction of cronic liver failure by transplantation of liver cells suspension and cell-engineering designs (experimental investigation)].

On an experimental model of chronic fibrotic liver damage (male rats Wistar (n-60), damage of CCl4, the duration of the experiment 90 days) it was studied the effectiveness of cell therapy for the correction of chronic liver failure. These rats were divided into 3 experimental groups: in the Ist-group (control, n=10) isotonic saline (650 mkl.) was injected; in the IInd-group (n=20) suspension of liver cells was applicated in a dose 8 - l0 x 10(6) cells; in the IIIrd-group (n=30) suspension of liver cells and bone marrow cells (mesenchymal stromal cells) in ratio 5:1 were used as cell associates on microparticles intjectable heterogeneous biopolymer hydrogel "SpheroGEL" (cell-engineering design) in common dose 8 - l0 x 10(6) It was ascertained that in the 2nd and in the 3rd groups the accelerated normalization of disturbed liver functional indices (ALT, AST, ALP) took place - to 30 days, but in the control group only to 90 days.

[The cultivation of bone marrow cells and cell lines on polymeric films].

The cultivation of multipotent mesenchymal stromal bone marrow cells and cells of A-431, MDCK, Vero, 3T3 and Hep-G2 was performed on polymeric films (PVA) with different hydrophobic fatty acid residues. The cells of different types grew on these films with different intensity, but in the most cases comparable with the cultivation control on usual plastic. The examined films were nontoxic to cells and sufficiently adhesive.

[The influence of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells of bone marrow on process of local radiation injury in rats after local beta-irradiation].

The influence of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MMSC), got from allogenic bone marrow, on local radiation injury in rats after beta-irradiation by a source 90Sr/90Y in a dose 140 Gy under various conditions and ways transplantation was studied. It was established, that transplantation MMSC, allocated on biodegradative membranes, which have been carried out for 21 day after an irradiation in conditions minor surgical of ulcers, resulted in reduction of the area of local beam defeats and acceleration of healing of skin, in comparison with the control of an irradiation. The introduction of suspension MMSC subcutaneous around of the center of a defeat at 8 day after an irradiation caused earlier healing of ulcers.

[Use of precultivative multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells isolated from autologic bone marrow in treatment of non-healing autoimmune gastric ulcers].

It is shown that multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MMSC) grafted to the zone of ulcer defect contribute to better wound repair in case of chronic non-healing gastric ulcers. It is noted that precultivative MMSC isolated from bone marrow achieve their bioregulatory activity in patient's organism not at once but due to prolonged functioning in the grafting zone (not less than 30 days).

Use of autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells for healing of free full-thickness skin graft in a zone with pronounced hypoperfusion of soft tissues caused by arteriovenous shunting.

A combined graft consisting of a free full-thickness skin flap and cultured autologous fibroblast-like bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells was effectively implanted and healed on the facial soft tissue defect after removal of a pathological vascular conglomeration in a female patient with congenital arteriovenous macrofistulous dysplasia. In order to reduce bloodflow intensity and arteriovenous shunting, repeated endovascular occlusion and transcutaneous ligature of regional vessels from the carotid artery basin feeding the pathological zone was carried out followed by resection of this tumor-like vascular formation.