The Impact of Exercise Intensity and Sex on Endogenous Ghrelin Levels and Appetite in Healthy Humans.

Context: Ghrelin circulates in acylated (AG) and deacylated (DAG) forms, which are known to affect appetite. Although acute exercise has been shown to modulate ghrelin levels, data on the impact of exercise intensity on AG and DAG levels and their effects on appetite are sparse and primarily limited to males.

Objective: To investigate the effect of exercise intensity and sex on ghrelin levels and appetite in untrained humans.

Cancer cell-specific PD-L1 expression is a predictor of poor outcome in patients with locally advanced oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Locally advanced oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OCSCC) presents a significant clinical challenge despite being partially responsive to standard treatment modalities. This study investigates the prognostic implications of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression in these tumors, focusing on its association with treatment outcomes and the immune microenvironment.

Methods: We assessed tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in 132 patients with OCSCC to evaluate their impact on survival.

Functional Orthodontic Therapy for Mandibular Condyle Fracture: A Systematic Review.

The objective of this study was to compile the currently available evidence regarding the functional and morphologic outcomes of functional orthodontic therapy for mandibular condyle fracture. We performed searches in PubMed and Google Scholar as well as manually (IOK issues 2008-2019) using the keywords "trauma", "TMJ", "activator", "condylar fracture", "fracture", "mandibular condylar fracture", "occlusal splint" and "functional appliance". Screening and analysis of study eligibility were performed using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA).

Suitability of Direct Resin Composites in Restoring Endodontically Treated Teeth (ETT).

(1) Background: The in vitro study aimed to investigate mechanical characteristics of resin composites and their suitability in direct restauration of endodontically treated teeth (ETT). (2) Methods: 38 endodontically treated premolars with occlusal access cavities were directly restored using the following resin composites and adhesives: Tetric Evo Ceram + Syntac classic ( = 10), Venus Diamond + iBond Total-Etch ( = 10), Grandio + Solobond M ( = 9), Estelite Sigma Quick + Bond Force ( = 9). After thermocycling, the elastic modulus, shear-bond-strength, fracture load (Fmax) and fracture mode distribution were evaluated.

Fruit and Vegetable Intake Patterns, Kidney Failure, and Mortality in Adults with and without Chronic Kidney Disease in the United States.

Background: Fruits and vegetables (F&Vs) are vital components of healthy diets but may be restricted in chronic kidney disease (CKD) to avoid high-potassium intake. We previously generated F&V patterns for patients in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) and demonstrated an increased prevalence of the overall low-intake pattern in patients with CKD.

Objective: To evaluate the association of F&V patterns (overall low intake, high unprocessed, moderate processed, and high ultraprocessed) with the risk of kidney failure and its composite with death.

The Challenges of Distinguishing Different Causes of TMA in a Pregnant Kidney Transplant Recipient.

Thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) reflects a syndrome of endothelial injury characterised by microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia (nonimmune), thrombocytopenia, and often end-organ dysfunction. TMA disorders are well-recognised in kidney transplant recipients, often due to an underlying genetic predisposition related to complement dysregulation, or de novo due to infection, immunosuppression toxicity, or antibody-mediated rejection. In pregnancy, TMA disorders are most commonly due to severe pre-eclampsia or HELLP, but may also be due to thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) or complement-mediated (atypical) haemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS).

Influence of Layer Thickness and Shade on the Transmission of Light through Contemporary Resin Composites.

Background: Material-dependent parameters have an important impact on the efficiency of light polymerization. The present in vitro study aimed to investigate the influence of the increment thickness and shade of nano- and nanohybrid resin composites on the transmission of curing light.

Methods: Three contemporary resin composites were evaluated: Tetric EvoCeram (TEC); Venus Diamond (VD); and Filtek Supreme XTE (FS XTE).

Optimising Patient Outcomes in Tongue Cancer: A Multidisciplinary Approach.

A multidisciplinary approach to the management of tongue cancer is vital for achieving optimal patient outcomes. Nursing and allied health professionals play essential roles within the team. We developed symposia comprising a series of online lectures offering a detailed perspective on the role each discipline and consumer perspective has in the management of patients with tongue cancer.

Photodynamic Suppression of Enterococcus Faecalis in Infected Root Canals with Indocyanine Green, Trolox and Near-Infrared Light.

Recently, our group showed that additional supplementation of Trolox™ (vitamin E analogue) can significantly enhance the antimicrobial photodynamic effect of the photosensitizer Indocyanine green (ICG). Up to now, the combined effect has not yet been investigated on Enterococcus faecalis in dental root canals. In the present in vitro study, eighty human root canals were inoculated with and subsequently subjected to antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy (aPDT) using ICG (250, 500, 1000 µg/mL) and near-infrared laser light (NIR, 808 nm, 100 Jcm).

Structural characteristics and contractual terms of specialist palliative homecare in Germany.

Background: Multi-professional specialist palliative homecare (SPHC) teams care for palliative patients with complex symptoms. In Germany, the SPHC directive regulates care provision, but model contracts for each federal state are heterogeneous regarding staff requirements, cooperation with other healthcare providers, and financial reimbursement. The structural characteristics of SPHC teams also vary.

Salivary Pellicle Formed on Dental Composites Evaluated by Mass Spectrometry-An In Situ Study.

(1) Background: In the oral environment, sound enamel and dental restorative materials are immediately covered by a pellicle layer, which enables bacteria to attach. For the development of new materials with repellent surface functions, information on the formation and maturation of salivary pellicles is crucial. Therefore, the present in situ study aimed to investigate the proteomic profile of salivary pellicles formed on different dental composites.

Osseointegration of photodynamic active biomaterials for bone regeneration in an animal bone model over a period of 12 months.

Objectives: Previous efforts led to the development of two different polymeric biomaterials for periodontal regeneration with antibacterial photodynamic surface activity. The present study aimed to investigate osseointegration and bone formation of both materials in an ovine model.

Methods: Both biomaterials: 1) urethane dimethacrylate-based Biomaterial 1 (BioM1) and 2) tri-armed oligoester-urethane methacrylate-based Biomaterial 2 (BioM2) are enriched with beta-tri-calcium phosphate and the photosensitizer meso-tetra(hydroxyphenyl)chlorin (mTHPC).

Management of the neck in T1 and T2 buccal squamous cell carcinoma.

Buccal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) appears to behave more aggressively than other oral subsites, in particular with regards to regional disease at presentation and regional recurrence. Adequate management of the neck is of the utmost importance but is still the subject of debate. An international multicentre retrospective review of 101 patients treated for T1-T2 buccal SCC was performed.

Endogenous Ghrelin Levels and Perception of Hunger: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Ghrelin is an orexigenic hormone primarily released by the stomach and has 2 isoforms: acylated ghrelin (AG) and de-acylated ghrelin (DAG), that appear to have different functions in humans.

Objectives: To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of the association between plasma concentrations of total ghrelin (TG), AG, and DAG and perceptions of hunger in healthy adults.

Methods: The following criteria were used for inclusion: 1) sample contained adults ≥18 y of age, 2) body mass index [BMI kg/m] was ≥18.

Preschool- and childcare center-based interventions to increase fruit and vegetable intake in preschool children in the United States: a systematic review of effectiveness and behavior change techniques.

Background: Fruit and vegetable (FV) consumption in children in the United States (US) is very low. Adequate FV consumption is required for proper development during childhood, and dietary habits are established during preschool-age and tend to persist into adulthood. As most U.

Implementation of a dermatoscopy curriculum during residency at Augsburg University Hospital in Germany.

Background And Objectives: To date, there is no structured program for dermatoscopy training during residency in Germany. Whether and how much dermatoscopy training is acquired is left to the initiative of each resident, although dermatoscopy is one of the core competencies of dermatological training and daily practice. The aim of the study was to establish a structured dermatoscopy curriculum during residency at the University Hospital Augsburg.

Clinical course of patients with adrenal incidentalomas and cortisol autonomy: a German retrospective single center cohort study.

Background: Adrenal incidentalomas with cortisol autonomy are associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Specific data on the clinical and biochemical course of affected patients are lacking.

Methods: Retrospective study from a tertiary referral centre in Germany.

Application-specific optimal model weighting of global climate models: A red tide example.

Global climate models (GCMs) and Earth system models (ESMs) provide many climate services with environmental relevance. The High Resolution Model Inter-comparison Project (HighResMIP) of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) provides model runs of GCMs and ESMs to address regional phenomena. Developing a parsimonious ensemble of CMIP6 requires multiple ensemble methods such as independent-model subset selection, prescreening-based subset selection, and model weighting.

Earth system models for regional environmental management of red tide: Prospects and limitations of current generation models and next generation development.

Earth system models (ESMs) serve as a unique research infrastructure for quality climate services, yet their application for environmental management at regional scale has not yet been fully explored. The unprecedented resolution and model fidelity of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) simulations, especially of the High-Resolution Model Intercomparison Project (HighResMIP) focusing on regional phenomena, offer opportunities for such applications. This article presents the first venture into using the HighResMIP simulations to tackle a regional environmental issue, the Florida Red Tide.

Optical coherence tomography-guided Nd:YAG laser treatment and follow-up of basal cell carcinoma.

Objectives: Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common skin tumor with an annually increasing incidence. Standard care requires several visits for diagnosis and treatment. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) as a diagnostic tool increases the sensitivity (95%) and specificity (77%) of the diagnosis of BCC.