Modeling Orthokinetic Coagulation in Spatially Varying Laminar Flow.

An orthokinetic coagulation model including the effects of agglomeration and local stress-induced aggregate breakup was developed. This model was used to simulate coagulation in the flow between two eccentrically located and rotating cylinders. Four methods of modeling coagulation in the flow system were examined.

Analytical Solutions for Bikinetic Coagulation: Incorporation of a Maximum Size Class.

Analytical solutions are derived for both orthokinetic and perikinetic coagulation rate mechanisms by considering bikinetic collisions of the agglomerating particles. The bikinetic behavior assumes that only equal-sized particles collide to form larger aggregates. In addition to the bikinetic assumption used to simplify the rate equations, the coagulating particles are assumed to approach a maximum size class with increasing time.

Effect of beta-carotene supplementation and lactation on carotenoid metabolism and mitogenic T lymphocyte proliferation.

Background: Information is lacking regarding the effects of beta-carotene supplementation, early lactation, or both on circulating carotenoid concentrations and T lymphocyte proliferation.

Objectives: This study investigated the effects of short-term beta-carotene supplementation (30 mg/d for 28 d) during early lactation (days 4-32 postpartum) on circulating carotenoid concentrations and on the T lymphocyte proliferative response to phytohemagglutinin.

Design: Subjects aged 19-39 y were paired [lactating (4 d postpartum) and nonlactating (never pregnant, healthy women)] and randomly assigned to receive either beta-carotene or a placebo.

Granulocyte selected live Salmonella enteritidis vaccine is species specific.

Selection of Salmonellae from granulocytes may result in safe and effective vaccine strains. We demonstrated that the reduced virulence of such strains is limited to the species in which the selection was made. Repeated (sequential) selection of Salmonella enteritidis from chicken granulocytes yielded an avirulent strain for chickens.

Measurement of T-lymphocyte responses in whole-blood cultures using newly synthesized DNA and ATP.

The proliferative response is most frequently determined by estimating the amount of [(3)H]thymidine incorporated into newly synthesized DNA. The [(3)H]thymidine procedure requires the use of radioisotopes as well as lengthy periods of incubation (>72 h). An alternative method of assessing T-lymphocyte activation in whole-blood cultures involves the measurement of the nucleotide ATP instead of [(3)H]thymidine incorporation.

Psychiatric practice variations in the diagnosis and treatment of major depression.

Objective: Practice variations in the diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes of patients with major depression were examined within six psychiatric practices participating in a national outcomes-management project.

Methods: Six of 20 psychiatric clinics met selection criteria for this study and provided a database of 5, 106 patients. Patients completed the BASIS-32, the Short-Form-36 Health Survey, and a Beginning Services Survey.

The coordination of bimanual prehension movements in a centrally deafferented patient.

Many everyday tasks require that we use our hands co-operatively, for example, when unscrewing a jar. For tasks where both hands are required to perform the same action, a common motor programme can be used. However, where each hand needs to perform a different action, some degree of independent control of each hand is required.

[Application of indirect calorimetry in monitoring feeding of low birth-weight preterm infants].

Background: We investigated the practical use of indirect calorimetry for the individual nutritional support of preterm infants in order to answer the question whether it is possible to reliably calculate energy expenditure, fat and carbohydrate oxidation in preterm infants individually by using the results of a timed 6-hour-measurement of oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production.

Patients: Measurements were performed in 20 preterm infants (gestational age 30.2 +/- 0.

Incorporation of Aggregate Breakup in the Simulation of Orthokinetic Coagulation.

The agglomeration and breakup of floc aggregates formed in orthokinetic coagulation is examined. By considering local flow strain-rate, a breakup rate kernel is derived based on flow-induced normal stresses. The new breakup kernel is included in a population size class balance for floc aggregates.

High-performance liquid chromatographic analysis of the 2-chloroprocaine metabolite, diethylaminoethanol, in blood and serum.

Background And Objectives: 2-Chloroprocaine is rapidly metabolized in the blood to yield 2-chloro-para-aminobenzoic acid (an inactive metabolite) and diethylaminoethanol (DEAE). DEAE possesses local anesthetic activity. The only reported assay for DEAE is a colorimetric method.

[From planning to realization of an electronic patient record].

The high complex requirements on information and information flow in todays hospitals can only be accomplished by the use of modern Information Systems (IS). In order to achieve this, the Stiftung Orthopädische Universitätsklinik has carried out first the Project "Strategic Informations System Planning" in 1993. Then realizing the necessary infrastructure (network; client-server) from 1993 to 1997, and finally started the introduction of modern IS (SAP R/3 and IXOS-Archive) in the clinical area.

Increased energy expenditure and fecal fat excretion do not impair weight gain in small-for-gestational-age preterm infants.

In order to optimize the nutrition of high-risk premature infants beyond the early postnatal period, a more precise knowledge of individual nutritional requirements is needed. We therefore studied the influence of intrauterine growth retardation on energy expenditure and nutrient utilization determined by indirect calorimetry and fecal fat excretion (steatocrit) in nineteen premature infants who were appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA; mean gestational age 29.9+/-0.

Soluble interleukin 2 receptor levels and cervical neoplasia: results from a population-based case-control study in Costa Rica.

Progression from infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) to cervical cancer in some women is thought to involve a permissive host environment, one in which immune response is mobilized in an inappropriate manner. In a previous study (A. Hildesheim et al.

From planning to realisation of an electronic patient record.

The high complex requirements on information and information flow in todays hospitals can only be accomplished by the use of modern Information Systems (IS). In order to achieve this, the Stiftung Orthopädische Universitätsklinik has carried out first the Project "Strategic Informations System Planning" in 1993. Then realizing the neccessary infrastructure (network; client-server) from 1993 to 1997, and finally started the introduction of modern IS (SAP R/3 and IXOS-Archive) in the clinical area.

Psychiatric disorders in adolescents in primary care.

Background: Little is known about psychiatric disorders in adolescents who attend primary care.

Method: Prospective study of 13- to 16-year-olds consecutively attending general practice. Information was obtained from adolescents, parents and general practitioners, using questionnaires and research interviews.

Chronic ingestion of lycopene-rich tomato juice or lycopene supplements significantly increases plasma concentrations of lycopene and related tomato carotenoids in humans.

The bioavailability of lycopene from tomato juice and 2 dietary supplements, each containing 70-75 mg lycopene, was studied in 15 healthy volunteers in a randomized, crossover design. Subjects ingested lycopene-rich tomato juice, tomato oleoresin, lycopene beadlets, and a placebo for 4 wk each while consuming self-selected diets. Treatment periods were separated by 6-wk washout periods.

Pigmented uveal tumours in a transgenic mouse model.

Aims/background: The authors have developed transgenic mouse strains at the Arizona Cancer Center using a tyrosinase promoter to target expression of the mutated T24 Ha-ras gene in melanin producing cells. Histopathology and electron microscopy (EM) were performed to characterise the intraocular tumours observed phenotypically.

Methods: Transgenic TPras mice (n = 8) and normal, age matched control mice (n = 6) were sacrificed at 3 weeks, 6 weeks, 7 weeks, 4 months, 5 months, 9 months, and 11 months.

Reduction of fecal shedding and egg contamination of Salmonella enteritidis by increasing the number of heterophil adaptations.

Serial passage of Salmonella enteritidis (SE) in chicken heterophils resulted in heterophil-adapted SE (HASE). We now report that an additional five heterophil passages have further reduced the number and frequency of fecal shedding of HASE. Eleven-times HASE (11 x HASE) given to 12 laying hens for three consecutive days reduced fecal shedding of 11 x HASE to three isolations from fecal samples during the 70-day postexposure observation period.

Treatment of refractory status epilepticus with propofol: clinical and pharmacokinetic findings.

Purpose: We compared propofol with high-dose barbiturates in the treatment of refractory status epilepticus (RSE) and propose a protocol for the administration of propofol in RSE in adults, correlating propofol's effect with plasma levels.

Methods: Sixteen patients with RSE were included; 8 were treated primarily with high-dose barbiturates and 8 were treated primarily with propofol.

Results: Both groups of patients had multiple medical problems and a subsequent high mortality.

Effects of heterophil adaptation on Salmonella enteritidis fecal shedding and egg contamination.

Serial passage of wild-type Salmonella enteritidis (SE) in chicken heterophils resulted in decreased shedding of SE in chicken feces and reduced egg contamination. When serially heterophil-passaged strains (heterophil-adapted SE [HASE]) were given to groups of 12 or more laying hens in drinking water at a dose of 10(8) colony-forming units for 3 consecutive days, the inoculum persisted in the feces at low frequency for a few days only. Two challenge wild-type strains, given in similar manner, persisted in feces at high frequency for 25 days or longer.