Elevated Levels of Serum Thymidine Kinase 1 Predict Poor Survival for Patients with Metastatic Prostate Cancer.

Background And Objective: Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is of limited value as a surrogate marker for overall survival (OS) in prostate cancer (PC). Serum thymidine kinase 1 (sTK1) is an enzyme expressed by actively dividing cells. Our aim was to evaluate the value of sTK1 as prognostic biomarker in metastatic hormone-sensitive PC (mHSPC) and metastatic castration-resistant PC (mCRPC).

A Health Care Clinical Data Platform for Rapid Deployment of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Algorithms for Cancer Care and Oncology Clinical Trials.

The xCures platform aggregates, organizes, structures, and normalizes clinical EMR data across care sites, utilizing advanced technologies for near real-time access. The platform generates data in a format to support clinical care, accelerate research, and promote artificial intelligence/ machine learning algorithm development, highlighted by a clinical decision support algorithm for precision oncology.

Remembering change: Interdependence between change awareness and meaningful connection in achieving proactive facilitation.

Two experiments investigated proactive facilitation (PF) or proactive interference (PI) in the recall of recently learned targets, under conditions of assessing the detection and recollection of target changes across two learning phases (with A-B/A-D word pairs). Some changes established meaningful connections across the phases; others did not. Task instructions on the subsequent cued-recall test (Experiment 1) or during Phase 2 study (Experiment 2) guided participants (university students) to monitor and report the changes.

A Randomized Controlled Trial to Assess the Feasibility and Practicability of an Oatmeal Intervention in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes: A Pilot Study in the Outpatient Sector.

: The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility and practicability of repeated three-day sequences of a hypocaloric oat-based nutrition intervention (OI) in insulin-treated outpatients with type 2 diabetes and severe insulin resistance. : A randomized, two-armed pilot study was conducted with three months of intervention and three months follow-up with 17 participants with insulin resistance (≥1 IU/kg body weight). Group A ( = 10) performed one sequence of OI; Group B ( = 7) performed two sequences monthly.

Distribution of Solid Lung Nodules Presence and Size by Age and Sex in a Northern European Nonsmoking Population.

Background Most of the data regarding prevalence and size distribution of solid lung nodules originates from lung cancer screening studies that target high-risk populations or from Asian general cohorts. In recent years, the identification of lung nodules in non-high-risk populations, scanned for clinical indications, has increased. However, little is known about the presence of solid lung nodules in the Northern European nonsmoking population.

Modeling the electron cyclotron emission radiation signature from suprathermal electrons in a tokamak.

An Electron Cyclotron Emission (ECE) modeling code has been developed to model ECE radiation with an arbitrary electron momentum distribution, a small oblique angle, both ordinary (O-mode) and extraordinary polarizations (X-mode), and multiple cyclotron frequency harmonics. The emission and absorption coefficients are calculated using the Poynting theorem from the cold plasma dispersion and the electron-microwave interaction from the full anti-Hermitian tensor. The modeling shows several ECE radiation signatures that can be used to diagnose the population of suprathermal electrons in a tokamak.

A Lumped-Parameter Model of the Cardiovascular System Response for Evaluating Automated Fluid Resuscitation Systems.

Physiological closed-loop controlled (PCLC) medical devices, such as those designed for blood pressure regulation, can be tested for safety and efficacy in real-world clinical settings. However, relying solely on limited animal and clinical studies may not capture the diverse range of physiological conditions. Credible mathematical models can complement these studies by allowing the testing of the device against simulated patient scenarios.

Isolation and characterization of persisters of the pathogenic microorganism .

The presence of antibiotic persisters is one of the leading causes of recurrent and chronic diseases. One challenge in mechanistic research on persisters is the enrichment of pure persisters. In this work, we validated a proposed method to isolate persisters with notorious cultures.

Fluorescence tracking demonstrates T cell recirculation is transiently impaired by radiation therapy to the tumor.

T cells recirculate through tissues and lymphatic organs to scan for their cognate antigen. Radiation therapy provides site-specific cytotoxicity to kill cancer cells but also has the potential to eliminate the tumor-specific T cells in field. To dynamically study the effect of radiation on CD8 T cell recirculation, we used the Kaede mouse model to photoconvert tumor-infiltrating cells and monitor their movement out of the field of radiation.

Tomato -gene-mediated resistance against Fusarium wilt originates in roots and extends to shoots via xylem to limit pathogen colonization.

Vascular wilt disease, caused by the soil-borne fungus (), poses a threat to many crop species. Four different tomato resistance () genes (, , , and ) have been identified to confer protection against f.sp.

Who is at risk of lung nodules on low-dose CT in a Western country? A population-based approach.

Background: This population-based study aimed to identify the risk factors for lung nodules in a Western European general population.

Methods: We quantified the presence or absence of lung nodules among 12 055 participants of the Dutch population-based ImaLife (Imaging in Lifelines) study (age ≥45 years) who underwent low-dose chest computed tomography. Outcomes included the presence of 1) at least one solid lung nodule (volume ≥30 mm) and 2) a clinically relevant lung nodule (volume ≥100 mm).

Comparison of discovery rates and prognostic utility of [Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT and circulating tumor DNA in prostate cancer-a cross-sectional study.

Background: Circulating-tumor DNA (ctDNA) and prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) ligand positron-emission tomography (PET) enable minimal-invasive prostate cancer (PCa) detection and survival prognostication. The present study aims to compare their tumor discovery abilities and prognostic values.

Methods: One hundred thirty men with confirmed PCa (70.

Assessment of PSMA Expression of Healthy Organs in Different Stages of Prostate Cancer Using [Ga]Ga-PSMA-11-PET Examinations.

The efficacy of radioligand therapy (RLT) targeting prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is currently being investigated for its application in patients with early-stage prostate cancer (PCa). However, little is known about PSMA expression in healthy organs in this cohort. Collectively, 202 [Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 positron emission tomography (PET) scans from 152 patients were studied.

Mechanistic insights into the adaptive evolvability of spore heat resistance in Bacillus cereus sensu lato.

Wet heat treatment is a commonly applied method in the food and medical industries for the inactivation of microorganisms, and bacterial spores in particular. While many studies have delved into the mechanisms underlying wet heat killing and spore resistance, little attention has so far been dedicated to the capacity of spore-forming bacteria to tune their resistance through adaptive evolution. Nevertheless, a recent study from our group revealed that a psychrotrophic strain of the Bacillus cereus sensu lato group (i.

CIAO1 and MMS19 deficiency: A lethal neurodegenerative phenotype caused by cytosolic Fe-S cluster protein assembly disorders.

Purpose: The functionality of many cellular proteins depends on cofactors; yet, they have only been implicated in a minority of Mendelian diseases. Here, we describe the first 2 inherited disorders of the cytosolic iron-sulfur protein assembly system.

Methods: Genetic testing via genome sequencing was applied to identify the underlying disease cause in 3 patients with microcephaly, congenital brain malformations, progressive developmental and neurologic impairments, recurrent infections, and a fatal outcome.

Chp1 is a dedicated chaperone at the ribosome that safeguards eEF1A biogenesis.

Cotranslational protein folding depends on general chaperones that engage highly diverse nascent chains at the ribosomes. Here we discover a dedicated ribosome-associated chaperone, Chp1, that rewires the cotranslational folding machinery to assist in the challenging biogenesis of abundantly expressed eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1A (eEF1A). Our results indicate that during eEF1A synthesis, Chp1 is recruited to the ribosome with the help of the nascent polypeptide-associated complex (NAC), where it safeguards eEF1A biogenesis.

Integrative Metabolomics and Proteomics Allow the Global Intracellular Characterization of Cells and Spores.

Reliable and comprehensive multi-omics analysis is essential for researchers to understand and explore complex biological systems more completely. is a model organism for Gram-positive spore-forming bacteria, and in-depth insight into the physiology and molecular basis of spore formation and germination in this organism requires advanced multilayer molecular data sets generated from the same sample. In this study, we evaluated two monophasic methods for polar and nonpolar compound extraction (acetonitrile/methanol/water; isopropanol/water, and 60% ethanol) and two biphasic methods (chloroform/methanol/water, and methyl tert-butyl ether/methanol/water) on coefficients of variation of analytes, identified metabolite composition, and the quality of proteomics profiles.

Discovery of Three Effectors and Their Effect on Gene Expression in Planta.

(whitefly) is a polyphagous agroeconomic pest species complex. Two members of this species complex, Mediterranean (MED) and Middle-East-Asia Minor 1 (MEAM1), have a worldwide distribution and have been shown to manipulate plant defenses through effectors. In this study, we used three different strategies to identify three MEAM1 proteins that can act as effectors.

Interaction of Whitefly Effector G4 with Tomato Proteins Impacts Whitefly Performance.

The phloem-feeding insect is an important pest, responsible for the transmission of several crop-threatening virus species. While feeding, the insect secretes a cocktail of effectors to modulate plant defense responses. Here, we present a set of proteins identified in an artificial diet on which was salivating.

Molecular physiological characterization of the dynamics of persister formation in .

Bacteria possess the ability to enter a growth-arrested state known as persistence in order to survive antibiotic exposure. Clinically, persisters are regarded as the main causative agents for chronic and recurrent infectious diseases. To combat this antibiotic-tolerant population, a better understanding of the molecular physiology of persisters is required.