Investigation of an individual with background levels of exhaled isoprene: a case study.

Isoprene is one of the most abundant and most frequently evaluated volatile organic compounds in exhaled breath. Recently, several individuals with background levels of exhaled isoprene have been identified. Here, case study data are provided for an individual, identified from a previous study, with this low prevalence phenotype.

The Impact of Nutritional Supplementation on Sweat Metabolomic Content: A Proof-of-Concept Study.

Sweat is emerging as a prominent biosource for real-time human performance monitoring applications. Although promising, sources of variability must be identified to truly utilize sweat for biomarker applications. In this proof-of-concept study, a targeted metabolomics method was applied to sweat collected from the forearms of participants in a 12-week exercise program who ingested either low or high nutritional supplementation twice daily.

Rate normalization for sweat metabolomics biomarker discovery.

As the demand for real-time exercise performance feedback increases, excreted sweat has become a biosource of interest for continuous human performance assessment. For sweat to truly fulfill this requirement, analyte concentrations must be normalized to adequately assess day-to-day differences within and among individuals. In this manuscript, data are presented highlighting the use of accurate localized sweat rate as a means for ion and global metabolomic data normalization.

Evaluation of a standardized collection device for exhaled breath sampling onto thermal desorption tubes.

The Respiration Collector for In Vitro Analysis (ReCIVA) sampler, marketed by Owlstone Medical, provides a step forward in exhaled breath sampling through active sampling directly onto thermal desorption (TD) tubes. Although an improvement to the issues surrounding breath bag sampling, the ReCIVA device, first released in 2015, is a relatively new research and clinical tool that requires further exploration. Here, data are presented comparing two distinct ReCIVA devices.

Characterization of standardized breath sampling for off-line field use.

Due to several sources of potential variability associated with exhaled breath bag sampling procedures for off-line analysis, the Respiration Collector for in vitro Analysis (ReCIVA) sampler was developed. Although designed to improve upon several pitfalls of sampling with exhaled breath bags, the ReCIVA remains a minimally studied research tool. In this manuscript, several attributes of the ReCIVA sampler are investigated among three individual tests, such as background contamination, control software version, performance of different adsorbent tubes, duplicate sample production, and comparison to exhaled breath bags.

Metabolomic stability of exercise-induced sweat.

Due to increased interest in the use of excreted sweat for biomarker discovery, data must be generated supporting sample collection and handling methods to allow for controlled, large-scale biomarker discovery studies to be performed. In this manuscript, twelve amino acids were quantitated from exercise-induced excreted sweat held at room temperature or a simulated body temperature of 37 °C for up to 90 min. The data illustrate a large dynamic range exists among amino acids in sweat.

Street fentanyl use: Experiences, preferences, and concordance between self-reports and urine toxicology.

Background: Conducted in Dayton, Ohio, the study aims to characterize user knowledge and experiences with non-pharmaceutical fentanyl-type drugs (NPFs) and compare self-reports with urine toxicology for NPFs and heroin.

Methods: Between May 2017-January 2018, 60 individuals who self-reported heroin/NPF use were interviewed using structured questionnaire on socio-demographics, NPF and other drug use practices. Unobserved urine samples were collected and analyzed using: 1) liquid-chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)-based method (Toxicology lab) to identify 34 fentanyl analogues, metabolites, and other synthetic opioids; 2) immunoassay-based method to screen for opiates (heroin).

Trends in fentanyl and fentanyl analogue-related overdose deaths - Montgomery County, Ohio, 2015-2017.

Introduction: There is a lack of information on illicitly manufactured fentanyl and fentanyl analogue-related (IMF) unintentional overdose death trends over time. The study analyzes IMF-related unintentional overdose fatalities that occurred between July 2015 and June 2017 in Montgomery County, Ohio, an area with the highest rates of unintentional overdose mortality in Ohio.

Methods: LC-MS/MS-based method was used to identify fentanyl analogs and metabolites in 724 unintentional overdose death cases.

LC-MS/MS-Based Method for the Multiplex Detection of 24 Fentanyl Analogues and Metabolites in Whole Blood at Sub ng mL Concentrations.

The United States and numerous other countries worldwide are currently experiencing a public health crisis due to the abuse of illicitly manufactured fentanyl (IMF) and its analogues. This manuscript describes the development of a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry-based method for the multiplex detection of = 24 IMF analogues and metabolites in whole blood at concentrations as low as 0.1-0.

Overdose Deaths Related to Fentanyl and Its Analogs - Ohio, January-February 2017.

Ohio is experiencing unprecedented loss of life caused by unintentional drug overdoses (1), with illicitly manufactured fentanyl (IMF) emerging as a significant threat to public health (2,3). IMF is structurally similar to pharmaceutical fentanyl, but is produced in clandestine laboratories and includes fentanyl analogs that display wide variability in potency (2); variations in chemical composition of these drugs make detection more difficult. During 2010-2015, unintentional drug overdose deaths in Ohio increased 98%, from 1,544 to 3,050.