Intraoperative Targeted Temperature Management in Acute Brain and Spinal Cord Injury.

Acute brain and spinal cord injuries affect hundreds of thousands of people worldwide. Though advances in pre-hospital and emergency and neurocritical care have improved the survival of some to these devastating diseases, very few clinical trials of potential neuro-protective strategies have produced promising results. Medical therapies such as targeted temperature management (TTM) have been trialed in traumatic brain injury (TBI), spinal cord injury (SCI), acute ischemic stroke (AIS), subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), and intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), but in no study has a meaningful effect on outcome been demonstrated.

Breed and Lactation Stage Alter the Rumen Protozoal Fatty Acid Profiles and Community Structures in Primiparous Dairy Cattle.

The protozoal fatty acid (FA) composition and community structure are important to dairy cattle nutrition and their products. The purpose of the study was to observe if the rumen protozoal FA profiles and protozoal community structure differed by breed and lactation stage. At 93, 183, and 273 days in milk (DIM), whole rumen digesta samples were collected from seven co-housed Holstein (H), eight Jersey (J), and seven Holstein-Jersey crossbreed (C) cows.

Bicelles and Other Membrane Mimics: Comparison of Structure, Properties, and Dynamics from MD Simulations.

The increased interest in studying membrane proteins has led to the development of new membrane mimics such as bicelles and nanodiscs. However, only limited knowledge is available of how these membrane mimics are affected by embedded proteins and how well they mimic a lipid bilayer. Herein, we present molecular dynamics simulations to elucidate structural and dynamic properties of small bicelles and compare them to a large alignable bicelle, a small nanodisc, and a lipid bilayer.

Psoriasis and Smoking: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis With Qualitative Analysis of Effect of Smoking on Psoriasis Severity.

Background: Smoking has been associated with psoriasis prevalence and severity.

Objective: To evaluate prevalence of smoking in patients with psoriasis and to examine the relationship between smoking and psoriasis severity.

Methods: MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases (1960-2012) and conference proceedings (2010-2012) were systematically searched using keywords relevant to psoriasis and smoking.

Optimizing inhaler use by pharmacist-provided education to community-dwelling elderly.

Objective: To assess, using a standard observational tool, the ability of patients to demonstrate and maintain proper inhaled medication administration techniques following pharmacist education.

Design: Six-month observational study.

Setting: Patients' homes or adult day health center.

Systems Approach to targeted and long-acting HIV/AIDS therapy.

Medication adherence and insufficient drug levels are central to HIV/AIDS disease progression. Recently, Fletcher et al. confirmed that HIV patients on oral antiretroviral therapy had lower intracellular drug concentrations in lymph nodes than in blood.

The Relationship of Obesity With the Severity of Psoriasis: A Systematic Review.

Background: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease associated with obesity. The increased production of adipocytokines in central adiposity contributes to the systemic inflammation of obesity and perhaps to psoriasis.

Objective: The objective of this systematic review is to determine the association of obesity with psoriasis severity.

Evidence-based Recommendations for the Management of Comorbidities in Rheumatoid Arthritis, Psoriasis, and Psoriatic Arthritis: Expert Opinion of the Canadian Dermatology-Rheumatology Comorbidity Initiative.

Objective: Comorbidities such as cardiovascular diseases (CVD), cancer, osteoporosis, and depression are often underrecognized in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), psoriatic arthritis (PsA), or psoriasis (PsO). Recommendations may improve identification and treatment of comorbidities. The Canadian Dermatology-Rheumatology Comorbidity Initiative reviewed the literature to develop practical evidence-based recommendations for management of comorbidities in patients with RA, PsA, and PsO.

Use of Dual Methods for Protection from Unintended Pregnancy and Sexually Transmitted Diseases in Adolescent African American Women.

Study Objective: To characterize factors associated with dual method contraceptive use in a sample of adolescent women. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, INTERVENTIONS, AND MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: We conducted a cross-sectional survey of sexually active African American women aged 14-19 years who attended an urban Title X clinic in Georgia in 2012 (N = 350). Participants completed a computerized survey to assess contraceptive and condom use during the past 2 sexual encounters with their most recent partner.

Synthesis of spirofused carbohydrate-oxazoline based palladium(II) complexes.

Four carbohydrate-derived 2-pyridyl and 2-quinolinyl substituted spiro-oxazoline ligands were prepared from 3,4,5-tri-O-benzyl-1,2-di-O-isopropylidene-β-D-fructose in four steps. Conversion of the latter compound with trimethylsilylazide followed by hydrogenation gave an anomeric mixture of 2-amino-3,4,5-tri-O-benzyl-2-deoxy-1-O-trimethylsilyl-D-fructopyranose. Amide coupling of the fructosylamines with picolinic acid and quinaldic acid, respectively afforded the corresponding anomeric amidofructosides, which were both separated and characterized by NMR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography.

Incremental amounts of ground flaxseed decrease milk yield but increase n-3 fatty acids and conjugated linoleic acids in dairy cows fed high-forage diets(1).

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of incremental amounts of ground flaxseed (GFX) on milk yield and concentrations and yields of milk components, milk fatty acids (FA) profile, ruminal metabolism, and nutrient digestibility in dairy cows fed high-forage diets. Twelve multiparous Jersey cows averaging (mean ± SD) 112±68d in milk and 441±21kg of body weight and 8 primiparous Jersey cows averaging 98±43d in milk and 401±43kg of body weight were randomly assigned to treatment sequences in a replicated 4×4 Latin square design. Each period lasted 21d with 14d for diet adaptation and 7d for data and sample collection.

[Return to Work: A Workplace Focused Module to be Integrated in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy].

Psychiatric disorders, in particular depression and anxiety disorders, are important causes of impaired job performance and increased sick leave. Longer periods of sickness leave lead regularly to difficulties concerning return to work. Furthermore, work is an important factor for psychological health.

Lipid-Encapsulated Echium Oil (Echium plantagineum) Increases the Content of Stearidonic Acid in Plasma Lipid Fractions and Milk Fat of Dairy Cows.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of feeding lipid-encapsulated echium oil (EEO) on animal performance and milk fatty acid profile. Twelve Holstein dairy cows were used in a 3 × 3 Latin Square design with 14 day periods. Treatments were a control diet (no supplemental fat), 1.

Objective and subjective image quality of primary and recurrent squamous cell carcinoma on head and neck low-tube-voltage 80-kVp computed tomography.

Introduction: To investigate low-tube-voltage 80-kVp computed tomography (CT) of head and neck primary and recurrent squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) regarding objective and subjective image quality.

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 65 patients (47 male, 18 female; mean age: 62.1 years) who underwent head and neck dual-energy CT (DECT) due to biopsy-proven primary (n = 50) or recurrent (n = 15) SCC.

Recruitment of the 40S ribosome subunit to the 3'-untranslated region (UTR) of a viral mRNA, via the eIF4 complex, facilitates cap-independent translation.

Barley yellow dwarf virus mRNA, which lacks both cap and poly(A) tail, has a translation element (3'-BTE) in its 3'-UTR essential for efficient translation initiation at the 5'-proximal AUG. This mechanism requires eukaryotic initiation factor 4G (eIF4G), subunit of heterodimer eIF4F (plant eIF4F lacks eIF4A), and 3'-BTE-5'-UTR interaction. Using fluorescence anisotropy, SHAPE (selective 2'-hydroxyl acylation analyzed by primer extension) analysis, and toeprinting, we found that (i) 40S subunits bind to BTE (Kd = 350 ± 30 nm), (ii) the helicase complex eIF4F-eIF4A-eIF4B-ATP increases 40S subunit binding (Kd = 120 ± 10 nm) to the conserved stem-loop I of the 3'-BTE by exposing more unpaired bases, and (iii) long distance base pairing transfers this complex to the 5'-end of the mRNA, where translation initiates.

Identifying psychosocial and social correlates of sexually transmitted diseases among black female teenagers.

Background: Black teenagers have relatively high rates of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), and recent research suggests the role of contextual factors, as well as risk behaviors. We explore the role of 4 categories of risk and protective factors on having a biologically confirmed STD among black, female teenagers.

Methods: Black teenage girls (14-19 years old) accessing services at a publicly funded family planning clinic provided a urine specimen for STD testing and completed an audio computer-assisted self-interview that assessed the following: risk behaviors, relationship characteristics, social factors, and psychosocial factors.

[Ways to psychosomatic rehabilitation--differential treatment selection between psychosomatic acute care and rehabilitation].

Consecutive admissions to the psychosomatic departments of 5 hospital units in southwest Germany registered between October 2012 and October 2013 were asked to participate in a study investigating the treatment selection process for psychosomatic rehabilitation. 527 patients were included in the study, 269 outpatients and 258 inpatients at the end of their inpatient treatment. 52 patients (10.

Assessment of an Advanced Monoenergetic Reconstruction Technique in Dual-Energy Computed Tomography of Head and Neck Cancer.

Objectives: To define optimal keV settings for advanced monoenergetic (Mono+) dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).

Methods: DECT data of 44 patients (34 men, mean age 55.5 ± 16.

Sexually transmitted disease partner notification among African-American, adolescent women.

Objective: To better understand preferences and practices regarding partner notification of sexually transmitted infection (STI) among female, African-American adolescents.

Methods: Participants completed a questionnaire and STI testing at baseline. Those diagnosed with Chlamydia or gonorrhea were recruited for a follow-up study, involving another questionnaire and repeat STI testing after three months.

The effects of tumour necrosis factor inhibitors, methotrexate, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and corticosteroids on cardiovascular events in rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

The objective of this systematic literature review was to determine the association between cardiovascular events (CVEs) and antirheumatic drugs in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA)/psoriasis (Pso). Systematic searches were performed of MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane databases (1960 to December 2012) and proceedings from major relevant congresses (2010-2012) for controlled studies and randomised trials reporting confirmed CVEs in patients with RA or PsA/Pso treated with antirheumatic drugs. Random-effects meta-analyses were performed on extracted data.

Incremental amounts of Ascophyllum nodosum meal do not improve animal performance but do increase milk iodine output in early lactation dairy cows fed high-forage diets.

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of incremental amounts of Ascophyllum nodosum meal (ANOD) on milk production, milk composition including fatty acids and I, blood metabolites, and nutrient intake and digestibility in early lactation dairy cows fed high-forage diets. Twelve multiparous Jersey cows averaging (mean±standard deviation) 40±21 d in milk and 464±35 kg of body weight and 4 primiparous Jersey cows averaging 75±37 d in milk and 384±17kg of body weight were randomly assigned to treatment sequences in a replicated 4×4 Latin square design. Each period lasted 21 d with 14 d for diet adaptation and 7 d for data and sample collection.

Effect of biologics on depressive symptoms in patients with psoriasis: a systematic review.

Background: Twenty to fifty percent of patients with psoriasis have depressive symptoms.

Objective: To describe the effects of biologics (tumour necrosis factor inhibitors [TNFi] or interleukin 12/23 inhibitors [IL-12/23i]) on depressive symptoms in patients with psoriasis.

Methods: Electronic databases were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) examining the effects of biologics on depressive symptoms in adults with psoriasis.

Meta-analysis of tumor necrosis factor inhibitors and glucocorticoids on bone density in rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis trials.

Objective: To examine the impact of antirheumatic drugs on bone mineral density (BMD) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), ankylosing spondylitis (AS), psoriatic arthritis (PsA), and psoriasis using a systematic review.

Methods: Electronic databases were systematically searched for randomized controlled trials. Studies were grouped based on disease, treatment, and site of BMD measurement.

Urinary interleukin-1β levels among gynecological patients.

Background: Early detection of epithelial ovarian cancer (OC) is necessary to overcome the high mortality rate of late stage diagnosis; and, examining the molecular changes that occur at early disease onset may provide new strategies for OC detection. Since the deregulation of inflammatory mediators can contribute to OC development, the purpose of this pilot study was to determine whether elevated urinary levels of Interleukin-1beta (IL-1 beta) are associated with OC and associated clinical parameters.

Methods: Urinary and serum levels of IL-1 beta were analyzed by ELISA from a patient cohort consisting of healthy women (N = 10), women with ovarian benign disease (N = 23), women with OC (N = 32), women with other benign gynecological conditions (N = 22), and women with other gynecological cancers (N = 6).