Physiological Profiling of Agitation in Dementia: Insights From Wearable Sensor Data.

Background And Objectives: The number of people with dementia is expected to triple to 152 million in 2050, with 90% having accompanying behavioral and psychological symptoms (BPSD). Agitation is among the most critical BPSD and can lead to decreased quality of life for people with dementia and their caregivers. This study aims to explore objective quantification of agitation in people with dementia by analyzing the relationships between physiological and movement data from wearables and observational measures of agitation.

Simulation of ambulatory electrodermal activity and the handling of low-quality segments.

Background And Objectives: Monitoring electrodermal activity (EDA) in daily life requires effective handling of low-quality segments, which are common in ambulatory EDA data. Although several low-quality handling methods have been implemented, systematic comparison of these methods, which requires a large annotated dataset, is lacking.

Methods: Therefore, we proposed the simulation of realistic ambulatory EDA data starting from high-quality EDA signals, which were subsequently contaminated with varying concentrations of artifacts.

Investigating two mobile just-in-time adaptive interventions to foster psychological resilience: research protocol of the DynaM-INT study.

Background: Stress-related disorders such as anxiety and depression are highly prevalent and cause a tremendous burden for affected individuals and society. In order to improve prevention strategies, knowledge regarding resilience mechanisms and ways to boost them is highly needed. In the Dynamic Modelling of Resilience - interventional multicenter study (DynaM-INT), we will conduct a large-scale feasibility and preliminary efficacy test for two mobile- and wearable-based just-in-time adaptive interventions (JITAIs), designed to target putative resilience mechanisms.

Low- and Medium-Socioeconomic-Status Group Members' Perceived Challenges and Solutions for Healthy Nutrition: Qualitative Focus Group Study.

Background: Although digital tools for healthy nutrition have shown great potential, their actual impact remains variable as digital solutions often do not fit users' needs and barriers. This is especially poignant for priority communities in society. Involving these groups in citizen science may have great benefits even beyond the increase in knowledge of the lives and experiences of these groups.

Sex Differences and the Role of Gaming Experience in Spatial Cognition Performance in Primary School Children: An Exploratory Study.

Sex differences are repeatedly observed in spatial cognition tasks. However, the role of environmental factors such as gaming experience remains unclear. In this exploratory study, navigation and object-relocation were combined in a naturalistic virtual reality-based spatial task.

Relationship Between Chronic Stress and Heart Rate Over Time Modulated by Gender in a Cohort of Office Workers: Cross-Sectional Study Using Wearable Technologies.

Background: Chronic stress is increasing in prevalence and is associated with several physical and mental disorders. Although it is proven that acute stress changes physiology, much less is known about the relationship between physiology and long-term stress. Continuous measurement of vital signs in daily life and chronic stress detection algorithms could serve this purpose.

Rat heart perfusion as model system for enzyme replacement therapy in glycogenosis type II.

Cardiac failure and skeletal muscle weakness are the main clinical features of glycogenosis type II, a lysosomal storage disorder caused by acid alpha-glucosidase deficiency. In our study, we have investigated in a rat heart perfusion-recirculation system whether acid alpha-glucosidase can be taken up from the vascular system into cardiomyocytes. When rat hearts were perfused with mannose 6-phosphate-containing acid alpha-glucosidase purified from bovine testis, a 3- to 4-fold increase of enzyme activity was obtained.

Cumene hydroperoxide, an agent inducing lipid peroxidation, and 4-hydroxy-2,3-nonenal, a peroxidation product, cause coronary vasodilatation in perfused rat hearts by a cyclic nucleotide independent mechanism.

STUDY OBJECTIVE - The aim of the study was to determine whether cumene hydroperoxide, a substance known to induce lipid peroxidation through free radical action, and 4-hydroxy-2,3-nonenal (4-hydroxynonenal), a major aldehyde formed during lipid peroxidation, induce coronary vasodilatation by changing cyclic nucleotide levels. DESIGN - The study involved Langendorff perfused rat hearts, using different concentrations of cumene hydroperoxide and 4-hydroxynonenal, with sodium nitroprusside for comparison. Coronary flow was measured indirectly as retrograde aortic flow, with constant perfusion pressure.

Reappraisal of the e.p.r. signals in (post)-ischaemic cardiac tissue.

The present study was designed to measure directly, using e.p.r.

Prevention of postischemic cardiac injury by the orally active iron chelator 1,2-dimethyl-3-hydroxy-4-pyridone (L1) and the antioxidant (+)-cyanidanol-3.

In this study, we investigated the role of oxygen-derived free radicals and iron in mediating myocardial injury during ischemia and reperfusion. Iron is of special interest because it may enhance tissue injury during ischemia and reperfusion by catalyzing the formation of highly reactive hydroxyl radicals (by modified Haber-Weiss or Fenton reactions). Rat hearts, perfused by the Langendorff method, were subjected to global ischemia (15 minutes at 37 degrees C) and reperfusion.

Endothelial lesions, dietary composition and lipid peroxidation.

The vascular endothelium can be regarded as a widely distributed organ with a pluripotent function in homeostasis and lipoprotein metabolism. There is now increasing evidence that the vascular endothelium is susceptible to oxygen radicals (oxidative stress). These radical molecules are capable of degrading the polyunsaturated acyl chains of membrane phospholipids (lipid peroxidation), hereby inducing pathologic changes in the underlying tissue.

Iron-load increases the susceptibility of rat hearts to oxygen reperfusion damage. Protection by the antioxidant (+)-cyanidanol-3 and deferoxamine.

To investigate whether iron is involved in the reperfusion syndrome by aggravating free radical injury, the hearts from iron-loaded and control rats were perfused under normoxic, anoxic, and reperfusion conditions. Normoxic perfusion revealed no change in coronary flow, contractility, or lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release between these two groups. Under anoxic and reperfusion conditions, however, we found a significant increase of ventricle fibrillation (56% vs.