Chiral supercritical fluid chromatography of monoacylglycerol and diacylglycerol enantiomers in biological samples: Adjusting selectivity via column coupling.

The distinction of lipid isomers is gaining more attention in lipidomics due to their different biochemical properties in the organism. Herein, we aimed to develop a method for the analysis of monoacylglycerol (MG) and diacylglycerol (DG) enantiomers in biological samples using chiral supercritical fluid chromatography and mass spectrometry (SFC-MS). Amylose-based chiral columns showed a certain degree of separation of MG and DG isomers, but low selectivity for the acylglycerol classes in total lipid extracts, which could not be improved by modifier composition or other chromatographic conditions.

Clinical implementation of partial splenic artery embolization for the prevention of recurrent bleeding from esophageal varices in portal hypertension.

Objective: Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of PSAE for secondary prevention of VB episodes in patients with chronic liver disease (CLD) and CSPH.

Patients And Methods: Materials and Methods: One hundred twenty patients (from 2008 to 2020) were submitted of PSAE as secondary prevention treatment. The results of the treatment of 27 patients between 2008 and 2012 (first period) were compared with those of 93 patients treated with PSAE since 2013 (second period), as procedure and management protocol were modificated.

Comprehensive Single-Platform Lipidomic/Metabolomic Analysis Using Supercritical Fluid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry.

Supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) is a rapidly expanding technique in the analysis of nonpolar to moderately polar substances and, more recently, also in the analysis of compounds with higher polarity. Herein, we demonstrate a proof of concept for the application of a commercial SFC instrument with electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (MS) detection as a platform for the comprehensive analysis of metabolites with the full range of polarities, from nonpolar lipids up to highly polar metabolites. The developed single-platform SFC-MS lipidomic/metabolomic method is based on two consecutive injections of lipid and polar metabolite extracts from biphase methyl -butyl ether extraction using a diol column and two different gradient programs of methanol-water-ammonium formate modifier.

Direct Chiral Supercritical Fluid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Monoacylglycerol and Diacylglycerol Isomers for the Study of Lipase-Catalyzed Hydrolysis of Triacylglycerols.

The fast and selective separation method of intact monoacylglycerol (MG) and diacylglycerol (DG) isomers using chiral supercritical fluid chromatography-mass spectrometry (SFC-MS) was developed and employed to study lipase selectivity in the hydrolysis of triacylglycerols (TGs). The synthesis of 28 enantiomerically pure MG and DG isomers was performed in the first stage using the most commonly occurring fatty acids in biological samples such as palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic, linolenic, arachidonic, and docosahexaenoic acids. To develop the SFC separation method, different chromatographic conditions such as column chemistry, mobile phase composition and gradient, flow rate, backpressure, and temperature were carefully assessed.

Enantiomeric separation of bupropion by liquid chromatography on derivatized cyclofructan chiral stationary phase.

High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is an ideal tool for enantiomeric separations of different drugs. In this study, the direct enantioseparation of bupropion, an atypical antidepressant structurally related to cathinone, was explored by using five chiral columns, including three based on derivatized cyclofructans, macrocyclic glycopeptide teicoplanin, and an immobilized amylose derivative under multimodal elution conditions. Baseline enantioseparation was obtained on the LarihcShell CF6-RN column, with derivatized cyclofructan 6, in the polar organic mode.

Determining the Area of Ancestral Origin for Individuals From North Eurasia Based on 5,229 SNP Markers.

Currently available genetic tools effectively distinguish between different continental origins. However, North Eurasia, which constitutes one-third of the world's largest continent, remains severely underrepresented. The dataset used in this study represents 266 populations from 12 North Eurasian countries, including most of the ethnic diversity across Russia's vast territory.

Ultrahigh-performance supercritical fluid chromatography for intraclass separation of lipids: Investigation of general principles.

Powerful chromatographic techniques are required for lipidomic analyses due to the extreme complexity of natural lipidomes. In the past few years, ultrahigh-performance supercritical fluid chromatography (UHPSFC) has proven to be a good alternative to conventional LC methods for comprehensive lipidomic analysis. The goal of this work was to study UHPSFC intraclass separation of lipids according to the fatty acyl composition.

as a promising producer of recombinant hirudin.

The production of recombinant proteins in transgenic plants is becoming an increasingly serious alternative to classical biopharming methods as knowledge about this process grows. , an aquatic plant unique in its anatomy, is a promising expression system that can grow in submerged culture in bioreactors. In our study 8550 explants were subjected to -mediated transformation, and 41 independent hygromycin-resistant lines were obtained, with the transformation efficiency of 0.

Highly versatile near-infrared emitters based on an atomically defined HgS interlayer embedded into a CdSe/CdS quantum dot.

The availability of colloidal quantum dots with highly efficient, fast and 'non-blinking' near-infrared emission would benefit numerous applications, from advanced optical communication and quantum networks to biomedical diagnostics. Here, we report high-quality near-infrared emitters that are based on well known CdSe/CdS heterostructures. By incorporating an HgS interlayer at the quantum dot core/shell interface, we convert normally visible emitters into highly efficient near-infrared fluorophores.

Tomatoes expressing thaumatin II retain their sweet taste after salting and pickling processing.

Background: Thaumatin II, a supersweet protein from the African plant katemfe (Thaumatococcus daniellii Benth.), shows promise as a zero-calorie sweetener for use in the food and pharmaceutical industries and for improving the taste of fruit.

Results: We report on the stability of thaumatin in salted and pickled tomatoes, as well as on the effect of thaumatin on the taste quality of processed tomatoes.

Evaluation of Plant-Derived Promoters for Constitutive and Tissue-Specific Gene Expression in Potato.

Various plant-derived promoters can be used to regulate ectopic gene expression in potato. In the present study, four promoters derived from the potato genome have been characterized by the expression of identical cassettes carrying the fusion with the reporter β-glucuronidase () gene. The strengths of , , , and promoters were compared with the conventional constitutive CaMV promoter in various organs (leaves, stems, roots, and tubers) of greenhouse-grown plants.

Enantioselective separation of zopiclone on immobilized polysaccharide chiral stationary phase by HPLC: Method development and validation.

New, sensitive and rapid chiral HPLC method for enantioseparation and determination of widely used hypnotic drug, zopiclone, was developed. Enantioseparation was achieved on the immobilized amylose based Lux i-Amylose 1 column in polar organic mode in less than 7 min. The effects of the mobile phase composition, type and content of major components as well as acid/base ratio and column temperature on the retention and enantioseparation were investigated.

Enantioselective potential of teicoplanin- and vancomycin-based superficially porous particles-packed columns for supercritical fluid chromatography.

Application of the superficially porous particles (SPPs) grafted with chiral selectors can substantially improve resolution in chromatographic techniques. In this work, we carried out a deeper study on supercritical fluid chromatography systems with 2.7 µm SPPs bonded with teicoplanin and vancomycin.

Sub-single-exciton lasing using charged quantum dots coupled to a distributed feedback cavity.

Colloidal semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) are attractive materials for realizing highly flexible, solution-processable optical gain media, but they are difficult to use in lasing because of complications associated with extremely short optical-gain lifetimes limited by nonradiative Auger recombination. By combining compositional grading of the QD's interior for hindering Auger decay with postsynthetic charging for suppressing parasitic ground-state absorption, we can reduce the lasing threshold to values below the single-exciton-per-dot limit. As a favorable departure from traditional multi-exciton-based lasing schemes, our approach should facilitate the development of solution-processable lasing devices and thereby help to extend the reach of lasing technologies into areas not accessible with traditional, epitaxially grown semiconductor materials.

Fast enantioseparation of indole phytoalexins in additive free supercritical fluid chromatography.

A series of chiral indole phytoalexins with potential anticancer and antimicrobial activity were enantioseparated in supercritical fluid chromatography. Two polysaccharide-based chiral stationary phases composed of tris-(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate) derivatives of amylose or cellulose coated on 2.5 μm silica particles were successfully used.

Development of as a Producer for Recombinant Human Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor.

To date, the expression of recombinant proteins in transgenic plants is becoming a powerful alternative to classical expression methods. Special efforts are directed to the development of contained cultivation systems based on cell culture or rhyzosecretion, which reliably prevents the heterologous DNA releasing into the environment. A promising object for the development of such systems is the tiny aquatic plant of , which can be used as a dipped culture in bioreactors.

Expression and Immunogenicity of M2e Peptide of Avian Influenza Virus H5N1 Fused to Ricin Toxin B Chain Produced in Duckweed Plants.

The amino acid sequence of the extracellular domain of the virus-encoded M2 matrix protein (peptide M2e) is conserved among all subtypes of influenza A strains, enabling the development of a broad-range vaccine against them. We expressed M2e from avian influenza virus A/chicken/Kurgan/5/2005 (H5N1) in nuclear-transformed duckweed plants for further development of an avian influenza vaccine. The 30-amino acid N-terminal fragment of M2, including M2e (denoted M130), was selected for expression.

DEFINITION OF ETIOLOGICAL ANTIBIOTIC SENSITIVITY FACTORS IN PURULENT-INFLAMMATORY PROCESSES.

The purpose of the study - assessment of purulent-inflammatory processes etiologic factors and determination of microbial agents' in forms of plankton and biofilms sensitivity to antibiotics. Clinical microbial strains isolated from patients with purulent-inflammatory processes were the subject of the study. The study material comprised of wound tissue, pus, bandage and suture, catheters and drainage devices.

Luminescent Organic Semiconducting Langmuir Monolayers.

In recent years, monolayer organic field-effect devices such as transistors and sensors have demonstrated their high potential. In contrast, monolayer electroluminescent organic field-effect devices are still in their infancy. One of the key challenges here is to create an organic material that self-organizes in a monolayer and combines efficient charge transport with luminescence.

Triphenylamine-Based Push-Pull Molecule for Photovoltaic Applications: From Synthesis to Ultrafast Device Photophysics.

Small push-pull molecules attract much attention as prospective donor materials for organic solar cells (OSCs). By chemical engineering, it is possible to combine a number of attractive properties such as broad absorption, efficient charge separation, and vacuum and solution processabilities in a single molecule. Here we report the synthesis and early time photophysics of such a molecule, TPA-2T-DCV-Me, based on the triphenylamine (TPA) donor core and dicyanovinyl (DCV) acceptor end group connected by a thiophene bridge.

[Reasons to reconsider interpretation of densitometry for corneal transparency].

Aim: To assess the effect of light scattering in the corneal epithelium on densitometric brightness of the stroma through mathematical modeling of the interaction between a light beam and the two-layer epithelium-stroma system.

Material And Methods: In order to study the scattering behavior of a plane-parallel non-coherent beam at the epithelium-stroma interface, a multi-age group was formed (87 patients, 174 eyes) that comprised two subgroups with equal number of assign participants: healthy patients with no systemic changes and mixed patients with undisturbed corneal transparency that, nevertheless, were under instillation therapy. In the first subgroup, the assessment of light scattering was done at random times, while in the second subgroup - within the first 200 seconds after the instillation in order to avoid a reaction of the ocular surface structures, including epithelium (rapid response of epithelial cells to instillations).

Bulk heterojunction morphology of polymer:fullerene blends revealed by ultrafast spectroscopy.

Morphology of organic photovoltaic bulk heterojunctions (BHJs) - a nanoscale texture of the donor and acceptor phases - is one of the key factors influencing efficiency of organic solar cells. Detailed knowledge of the morphology is hampered by the fact that it is notoriously difficult to investigate by microscopic methods. Here we all-optically track the exciton harvesting dynamics in the fullerene acceptor phase from which subdivision of the fullerene domain sizes into the mixed phase (2-15 nm) and large (>50 nm) domains is readily obtained via the Monte-Carlo simulations.

Purification and characterization of recombinant supersweet protein thaumatin II from tomato fruit.

Thaumatin, a supersweet protein from the African plant katemfe (Thaumatococcus daniellii Benth.), is a promising zero-calorie sweetener for use in the food and pharmaceutical industries. Due to limited natural sources of thaumatin, its production using transgenic plants is an advantageous alternative.

Real-Time Tracking of Singlet Exciton Diffusion in Organic Semiconductors.

Exciton diffusion in organic materials provides the operational basis for functioning of such devices as organic solar cells and light-emitting diodes. Here we track the exciton diffusion process in organic semiconductors in real time with a novel technique based on femtosecond photoinduced absorption spectroscopy. Using vacuum-deposited C_{70} layers as a model system, we demonstrate an extremely high diffusion coefficient of D≈3.