Real-time monitoring of hyaluronic acid fermentation by in situ transflectance spectroscopy.

Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a high-value polysaccharide with many biomedical applications. Microbial production of HA is now replacing the traditional extraction method from rooster combs. Production of medical-grade HA with defined characteristics requires controlled process conditions because there are many fermentation process parameters that affect the microbial synthesis of HA.