Modelling business processes in palliative care management: ways to optimise resource management.

Objective: Aim: To evaluate the impact of corrective coefficients on the income of multidisciplinary mobile palliative care teams (MMPCT) in Ukraine under different scenarios, such as new contracts, patient count, and service cost variability, to identify optimization pathways for resource management in palliative care.

Patients And Methods: Materials and Methods: A comprehensive literature review was conducted, including sources from JAMA Scholar and PubMed. The Monte Carlo method simulated 10 000 scenarios of uncertainty, such as patient count and diagnoses, to assess the effect of corrective coefficients.

Being yourself is a defect: analysis of documented rights violations related to sexual orientation, gender identity and HIV in 2022 using the REAct system in six eastern European, Caucasus and Central Asian countries.

Introduction: Removing legal barriers to HIV services is crucial for the global 2030 goal of ending the HIV and AIDS epidemic, particularly in eastern Europe, the Caucasus and central Asia. Despite state commitments to uphold human rights, gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men (gbMSM), along with transgender people (TP) still face stigma and discrimination. This article presents an analysis of rights violations based on sexual orientation and gender identity (SOGI) and HIV reported in 2022 across six countries, highlighting features and their links to legislation and law enforcement practices.

[Results of a randomized double-blind multicenter clinical trial of the efficacy and safety of riamilovir in the treatment of COVID-19].

Aim: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of riamilovir in the treatment of COVID-19 in adults.

Materials And Methods: The study included 180 patients with a laboratory-confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 which fully meet the criteria for inclusion, non-inclusion and exclusion, signed a voluntary informed consent to participate in a clinical trial.

Results: The efficacy, good tolerability and safety of the drug riamilovir in the treatment of COVID-19 have been established.

Size estimation of key populations and 'bridge populations' based on the network scale-up method in Ukraine.

Introduction: Correct estimation of the size of key and bridge populations is crucial for an efficient HIV/AIDS response in resource-limited settings, enabling efficient program planning and resource allocation. The hidden nature of these groups poses challenges to traditional methods, leading to the adoption of innovative approaches like the network scale-up method (NSUM). In this article we present the results of a NSUM study conducted in 2020 in Ukraine, focusing on four key populations and three bridge populations, highlighting challenges and contributions to development of the method.

Integrated biobehavioral surveillance among people who inject drugs in Ukraine, 2007-2020.

Background: Repeated integrated biobehavioral surveys (IBBS) have been implemented among people who inject drugs (PWID) in Ukraine to monitor the trends in key epidemiologic and programmatic indicators.

Methods: The study analyzed seven PWID IBBS rounds from 2007 to 2020 in seven Ukrainian cities. Participants were recruited using respondent-driven sampling, tested for HIV and anti-HCV antibodies, and completed a structured questionnaire.

[Features and results of surgical rehabilitation of hearing loss in osteogenesis imperfecta].

Unlabelled: Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a form of congenital osteoporosis. Depending on the type of OI, patients experience various types of hearing loss. Depending on the type and degree of hearing loss, various methods of hearing rehabilitation are used in this category of patients.

Small Stochastic Data Compactification Concept Justified in the Entropy Basis.

Measurement is a typical way of gathering information about an investigated object, generalized by a finite set of characteristic parameters. The result of each iteration of the measurement is an instance of the class of the investigated object in the form of a set of values of characteristic parameters. An ordered set of instances forms a collection whose dimensionality for a real object is a factor that cannot be ignored.

Qualitative study of barriers and facilitators to HIV detection and treatment among women who inject drugs during the war against Ukraine.

Background: The Russian Federation's invasion in Ukraine has resulted social hardship, millions of internally displaced persons, the destruction of medical infrastructure, and limited access to HIV services. There is no available information regarding the impact of the war on the HIV treatment cascade among women who inject drugs (WWID) in Ukraine. In this study, we examine the barriers and facilitators of HIV detection, initiation of treatment, and adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) among WWID.

Community-based HIV prevention services for transgender people in Ukraine: current situation and potential for improvement.

Background: Community-based HIV-prevention services are a key approach to prevent HIV transmission among key population representatives. Transgender people have multiple specific needs and it is crucial to use prevention approaches that effectively respond to those needs and facilitate barriers on the way to use HIV prevention and related services. This study is aimed to explore the current state of community-based HIV prevention services among transgender people in Ukraine, its limitations and potential for improvement based on the experience and perceptions of transgender people, physicians, and community social workers providing services to transgender people.

[A new approach to etiotropic therapy ARVI in children].

Aim: Confirmation of the efficacy and safety of the drug riamilovir (Triazavirin), 100 mg capsules, in children aged 12-17 years with the diagnosis of acute viral respiratory infection (ARVI).

Materials And Methods: The multicenter study included 269 patients diagnosed with acute viral respiratory infection (ICD-10 code: J00, J02, J02.9, J04, J04.

[Glucocorticosteroids in the treatment of acute neurosensory hearing loss. The current state of the problem. Part 2].

Modern literature data are presented on the choice of a drug for hormonal therapy in acute neurosensory hearing loss of various origins, the doses used for systemic therapy, the features and methods of intratympanic administration of glucocorticosteroids, and the evaluation of the effectiveness of treatment with this group of drugs.

[Evaluation the effectiveness of immersive VR-assisted rehabilitation in a child with chemotherapy-induced neurological complication in acute lymphoblastic leukemia].

Rehabilitation therapy is considered as an actual and complex system of knowledge, in which the main task is the development and implementation of new methods of rehabilitation. In present time, the most perspective rehabilitation program is utilizing virtual reality. A report was made with the utilization of rehabilitation therapy with virtual reality in a child with chemotherapy-induced neurological disorders in acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Development of Drugs with Direct Antiviral Action Based on Azaheterocyclic Systems.

This article discusses the results of studies carried out in recent years by a team of scientists from the Postovskii Institute of Organic Synthesis, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, in cooperation with the First President of Russia Boris Yeltsin Ural Federal University, Ural State Medical University, Volgograd State Medical University, and other scientific and production organizations of the country to create triazavirin (riamilovir) and other direct etiotropic antiviral drugs based on azaheterocyclic derivatives.

Entropy-Argumentative Concept of Computational Phonetic Analysis of Speech Taking into Account Dialect and Individuality of Phonation.

In this article, the concept (i.e., the mathematical model and methods) of computational phonetic analysis of speech with an analytical description of the phenomenon of phonetic fusion is proposed.

FCHO controls AP2's initiating role in endocytosis through a PtdIns(4,5)P-dependent switch.

Clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) is the main mechanism by which mammalian cells control their cell surface proteome. Proper operation of the pivotal CME cargo adaptor AP2 requires membrane-localized Fer/Cip4 homology domain-only proteins (FCHO). Here, live-cell enhanced total internal reflection fluorescence-structured illumination microscopy shows that FCHO marks sites of clathrin-coated pit (CCP) initiation, which mature into uniform-sized CCPs comprising a central patch of AP2 and clathrin corralled by an FCHO/Epidermal growth factor potential receptor substrate number 15 (Eps15) ring.

A Novel Biotinylated Homotryptamine Derivative for Quantum Dot Imaging of Serotonin Transporter in Live Cells.

The serotonin transporter (SERT) is the primary target for selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressants that are thought to exert their therapeutic effects by increasing the synaptic concentration of serotonin. Consequently, probes that can be utilized to study cellular trafficking of SERT are valuable research tools. We have developed a novel ligand (IDT785) that is composed of a SERT antagonist (a tetrahydro pyridyl indole derivative) conjugated to a biotinylated poly ethylene glycol (PEG) via a phenethyl linker.

[Ontogenetic principles of accelerated aging and the prospects for its prevention and treatment.].

This article examines the phenomenon of «intrauterine programming», which largely determines the further life cycle and the likelihood of developing a number of age-associated pathological processes. The possibility of the formation of pathological (accelerated) aging at various stages of ontogenesis is discussed with the use of large literary material from the standpoint of modern science. The reasons, mechanisms and phenotypic manifestations of accelerated aging and the possibilities of the earliest one, its diagnosis starting from the perinatal period, and prediction of age-associated pathologies are discussed in close interrelation.

Membrane Nanoscopic Organization of D2L Dopamine Receptor Probed by Quantum Dot Tracking.

The role of lateral mobility and nanodomain organization of G protein-coupled receptors in modulating subcellular signaling has been under increasing scrutiny. Investigation of D2 dopamine receptor diffusion dynamics is of particular interest, as these receptors have been linked to altered neurotransmission in affective disorders and represent the primary target for commonly prescribed antipsychotics. Here, we applied our single quantum dot tracking approach to decipher intrinsic diffusion patterns of the wild-type long isoform of the D2 dopamine receptor and its genetic variants previously identified in several cohorts of schizophrenia patients.

[A pilot study of cytokine profile in cerebrospinal fluid of children with acute lymphocytic leukemia and neurotoxic side effects of chemotherapy].

In some cases standard chemotherapy of acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) leads to neurotoxicity; its mechanisms, methods of prognosis, and prevention are being actively studied. The aim of this study was to assess the cytokine profile in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of children with ALL and neurotoxic side effects of chemotherapy. This prospective study included 24 children with ALL aged from 3 to 17 years.

Enlightened: addressing circadian and seasonal changes in photoperiod in animal models of bipolar disorder.

Bipolar disorders (BDs) exhibit high heritability and symptoms typically first occur during late adolescence or early adulthood. Affected individuals may experience alternating bouts of mania/hypomania and depression, with euthymic periods of varying lengths interspersed between these extremes of mood. Clinical research studies have consistently demonstrated that BD patients have disturbances in circadian and seasonal rhythms, even when they are free of symptoms.

Rate of change in solar insolation is a hidden variable that influences seasonal alterations in bipolar disorder.

The consensus in the literature is that bipolar disorder is seasonal. We argue that there is finer detail to seasonality and that changes in mood and energy in bipolar disorder are dictated by the rate of change of solar insolation.

Architecture and mechanism of metazoan retromer:SNX3 tubular coat assembly.

Retromer is a master regulator of cargo retrieval from endosomes, which is critical for many cellular processes including signaling, immunity, neuroprotection, and virus infection. The retromer core (VPS26/VPS29/VPS35) is present on cargo-transporting, tubular carriers along with a range of sorting nexins. Here, we elucidate the structural basis of membrane tubulation and coupled cargo recognition by metazoan and fungal retromer coats assembled with the non-Bin1/Amphiphysin/Rvs (BAR) sorting nexin SNX3 using cryo-electron tomography.

Structural basis for VPS34 kinase activation by Rab1 and Rab5 on membranes.

The lipid phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate (PI3P) is a regulator of two fundamental but distinct cellular processes, endocytosis and autophagy, so its generation needs to be under precise temporal and spatial control. PI3P is generated by two complexes that both contain the lipid kinase VPS34: complex II on endosomes (VPS34/VPS15/Beclin 1/UVRAG), and complex I on autophagosomes (VPS34/VPS15/Beclin 1/ATG14L). The endosomal GTPase Rab5 binds complex II, but the mechanism of VPS34 activation by Rab5 has remained elusive, and no GTPase is known to bind complex I.