[The scope of expert competence for the evaluation of non-compliance with the requirements of the departmental normative legal acts in the course of forensic medical panel examinations concerning "medical practice" in the criminal legal procedures].

This article is devoted to the analysis of the problem of expert competence for the evaluation of non-compliance with the requirements of the departmental normative legal acts in the course of forensic medical panel examinations concerning "medical practice" in the criminal legal procedures. The approaches to the solution of his problem are exemplified by forensic medical expertise of selected cases from obstetric and gynecological practice. It is demonstrated that investigations into non-compliance events arising in the work of medical facilities must include the analysis of the departmental normative legal acts that govern the organizational and diagnostic processes.

[The legal and forensic medical problems related to the determination of viability of the fetuses and newborn infants under the present-day conditions].

The authors consider from the historical and methodological standpoints the problem of the determination and expert evaluation of viability of the fetuses and newborn infants in the case of expert examination of their corpses and performance of complicated forensic medical expertises concerned with medical aspects of obstetric practice. It was shown that the new medical criteria for birth introduced in 2013 pose the question of their relation to the known signs of viability of the fetuses and/or newborn infants and the necessity of further substantiation of such point of view for taking the correct legal decision.

Spatio-temporal behaviour of atomic-scale tribo-ceramic films in adaptive surface engineered nano-materials.

Atomic-scale, tribo-ceramic films associated with dissipative structures formation are discovered under extreme frictional conditions which trigger self-organization. For the first time, we present an actual image of meta-stable protective tribo-ceramics within thicknesses of a few atomic layers. A mullite and sapphire structure predominates in these phases.

Vortex Hermite-Gaussian laser beams.

We study elliptical vortex Hermite-Gaussian (vHG) beams, which are described by the complex amplitude proportional to the nth-order Hermite polynomial whose argument is a function of a real parameter a. At |a|<1, on the vertical axis of the beam cross section, there are n isolated optical nulls that produce optical vortices with topological charge +1(a<0) or -1(a>0). At |a|>1, similar isolated optical nulls of the vHG beams are found on the horizontal axis.

Slipping vs sticking: water-dependent adhesive and frictional properties of Linum usitatissimum L. seed mucilaginous envelope and its biological significance.

Flax seeds produce mucilage after wetting. The mucilage due to its ability to absorb and maintain water is responsible for specific surface properties which are essential for seed dispersal in different ways. In the present paper, we asked how the hydration level affects the adhesive and frictional properties of the mucilage and which role does the mucilage play in seed dispersal? We have experimentally quantified: (1) desiccation dynamics of seeds with a mucilage envelope, (2) desiccation-time dependence of their friction coefficient, and (3) desiccation-time dependence of their pull-off forces on a smooth glass substrate.

Characterization of cement float buoyancy in the stalked barnacle Dosima fascicularis (Crustacea, Cirripedia).

Dosima fascicularis is the only barnacle which can drift autonomously at the water surface with a foam-like cement float. The cement secreted by the animal contains numerous gas-filled cells of different size. When several individuals share one float, their size and not their number is crucial for the production of both volume and mass of the float.

Mechanical properties of the cement of the stalked barnacle Dosima fascicularis (Cirripedia, Crustacea).

The stalked barnacle Dosima fascicularis secretes foam-like cement, the amount of which usually exceeds that produced by other barnacles. When Dosima settles on small objects, this adhesive is additionally used as a float which gives buoyancy to the animal. The dual use of the cement by D.

[The order of coding road traffic injuries in accordance with ICD-10 at government forensic medical expertise institutions of the Russian Federation].

The authors describe the order of coding road traffic injuries in accordance with the 10th edition of the International Classification of the Disease (ICD-10) at government forensic medical expertise institutions of the Russian Federation. In addition, they analyse the application of the coding rules and the identification of the primary causes of death with a view to obtaining reliable road traffic accident mortality statistics compatible with the respective internationally available data. Special attention is given to the consideration and recommendation of the rules for making forensic medical diagnosis in accordance with the requirements of ICD-10 and its inclusion in the road traffic death certificates.

[The topical problems of forensic medical expertise of the child injury].

The objective of the present study was to analyse the current state of forensic medical expertise of the child injury. The relevant medical documents were used to estimate the quality of forensic medical examinations (surveys) of selected cases of child injuries and the related organizational, strategic, and methodological errors. The most challenging problems facing forensic medical expertise of the child injury are identified and the ways to address them are proposed.

Asymmetric Bessel-Gauss beams.

We propose a three-parameter family of asymmetric Bessel-Gauss (aBG) beams with integer and fractional orbital angular momentum (OAM). The aBG beams are described by the product of a Gaussian function by the nth-order Bessel function of the first kind of complex argument, having finite energy. The aBG beam's asymmetry degree depends on a real parameter c≥0: at c=0, the aBG beam is coincident with a conventional radially symmetric Bessel-Gauss (BG) beam; with increasing c, the aBG beam acquires a semicrescent shape, then becoming elongated along the y axis and shifting along the x axis for c≫1.

Influence of the PDMS substrate stiffness on the adhesion of Acanthamoeba castellanii.

Background: Mechanosensing of cells, particularly the cellular response to substrates with different elastic properties, has been discovered in recent years, but almost exclusively in mammalian cells. Much less attention has been paid to mechanosensing in other cell systems, such as in eukaryotic human pathogens.

Results: We report here on the influence of substrate stiffness on the adhesion of the human pathogen Acanthamoebae castellanii (A.

Surface topography and contact mechanics of dry and wet human skin.

The surface topography of the human wrist skin is studied by using optical and atomic force microscopy (AFM) methods. By using these techniques the surface roughness power spectrum is obtained. The Persson contact mechanics theory is used to calculate the contact area for different magnifications, for the dry and wet skin.

Adhesion failure at 180,000 frames per second: direct observation of the detachment process of a mushroom-shaped adhesive.

Nature has successfully evolved the mushroom-shaped contact geometry in many organisms in order to solve the attachment problem. We studied the detachment process of individual bioinspired artificial mushroom-shaped adhesive microstructures (MSAMSs) resolving the failure dynamics at high spatiotemporal resolution. The experimental data provide strong evidence for a homogeneous stress distribution in MSAMS, which was recently proposed.

Comparative study of the fluid viscosity in tarsal hairy attachment systems of flies and beetles.

Wet adhesive systems of insects strongly rely for their function on the formation of capillary bridges with the substrate. Studies on the chemical composition and evaporation dynamics of tarsal secretions strongly suggest a difference in chemistry of secretion in beetles and flies, both possessing hairy attachment devices. This difference is assumed to influence the viscosity of the secretion.

Direct observation of microcavitation in underwater adhesion of mushroom-shaped adhesive microstructure.

In this work we report on experiments aimed at testing the cavitation hypothesis [Varenberg, M.; Gorb, S. J.

Diffraction integral and propagation of Hermite-Gaussian modes in a linear refractive index medium.

We derive a diffraction integral to describe the paraxial propagation of an optical beam in a graded index medium with the permittivity linearly varying with the transverse coordinate. This integral transformation is irreducible to the familiar ABCD transformation. The form of the integral transformation suggests that, unlike a straight path in a homogeneous space, any paraxial optical beam will travel on a parabola bent toward the denser medium.

Asymmetric Bessel modes.

We propose a new, three-parameter family of diffraction-free asymmetric elegant Bessel modes (aB-modes) with an integer and fractional orbital angular momentum (OAM). The aB-modes are described by the nth-order Bessel function of the first kind with complex argument. The asymmetry degree of the nonparaxial aB-mode is shown to depend on a real parameter c≥0: when c=0, the aB-mode is identical to a conventional radially symmetric Bessel mode; with increasing c, the aB-mode starts to acquire a crescent form, getting stretched along the vertical axis and shifted along the horizontal axis for c≫1.

Spin transfer of quantum information between Majorana modes and a resonator.

We show that resonant coupling and entanglement between a mechanical resonator and Majorana bound states can be achieved via spin currents in a 1D quantum wire with strong spin-orbit interactions. The bound states induced by vibrating and stationary magnets can hybridize, thus resulting in spin-current induced 4π-periodic torques, as a function of the relative field angle, acting on the resonator. We study the feasibility of detecting and manipulating Majorana bound states with the use of magnetic resonance force microscopy techniques.

Hermite-Gaussian modal laser beams with orbital angular momentum.

A relationship for the complex amplitude of generalized paraxial Hermite-Gaussian (HG) beams is deduced. We show that under certain parameters, these beams transform into the familiar HG modes and elegant HG beams. The orbital angular momentum (OAM) of a linear combination of two generalized HG beams with a phase shift of π/2, with their double indices composed of adjacent integer numbers taken in direct and inverse order, is calculated.

Sex-related effects in the superhydrophobic properties of damselfly wings in young and old Calopteryx splendens.

Numerous sex-related morphological adaptations are connected to reproductive behavior in animals. For example, females of some insect species can submerge during oviposition, which may lead to sex-related adaptations in the hydrophobicity (water-repellency) due to specialization of certain morphological structures. On the other hand, ageing can cause changes in hydrophobicity of the surface, because the morphological structures can wear with age.

Role of ABC-cassette transporters (MDR1, MRP1, BCRP) in the development of primary and acquired multiple drug resistance in patients with early and metastatic breast cancer.

Unlabelled: The aim of the research was to study the influence of multiple drug resistance (MDR1), multidrug resistance protein 1 (MRP1) and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) proteins expression on the effectiveness of chemotherapy in breast cancer (BC) patients.

Patients And Methods: The retrospective analysis of the results of treatment of 77 women with invasive BC with different molecular subtypes at the age of 54.1±12.

More than just slippery: the impact of biofilm on the attachment of non-sessile freshwater mayfly larvae.

While terrestrial insects can usually attach directly to a substrate, for aquatic insects the situation is more complicated owing to the presence of a biofilm on the primary substrates. This important fact has been neither the subject of investigation nor commonly taken into account in the interpretation of functional aspects of attachment in mobile freshwater animals. In this study, we investigate the impact of a biofilm on the attachment of living mayfly larvae.