FPGA-based measurements of the relative arrival time of a high-repetition rate, quasi-cw fourth generation light source.

In this paper, we demonstrate the successful implementation of reconfigurable field-programmable gate array technology into a pulse-resolved data acquisition system to achieve a femtosecond temporal resolution in ultrafast pump-probe experiments in real-time at large scale facilities. As proof of concept, electro-optic sampling of terahertz waveforms radiated by a superradiant emitter of a quasi-cw accelerator operating at a 50 kHz repetition rate and probed by an external laser system is performed. Options for up-scaling the developed technique to a MHz range of repetition rates are discussed.

Terahertz magneto-optical sampling in quartz glass.

In this Letter, we demonstrate terahertz (THz) magnetic field detection in fused silica with sensitivity that can be easily controlled by sample tilting (for both amplitude and polarization). The proposed technique remains in the linear regime at magnetic fields exceeding 0.3 T (0.

Magnon-phonon Fermi resonance in antiferromagnetic CoF.

Understanding spin-lattice interactions in antiferromagnets is a critical element of the fields of antiferromagnetic spintronics and magnonics. Recently, coherent nonlinear phonon dynamics mediated by a magnon state were discovered in an antiferromagnet. Here, we suggest that a strongly coupled two-magnon-one phonon state in this prototypical system opens a novel pathway to coherently control magnon-phonon dynamics.

The First Record of Omsk Hemorrhagic Fever Virus and Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus of Baltic Lineage from the Kemerovo Region of Russia.

Tick-borne encephalitis virus Siberian subtype (TBEV-Sib) and Omsk hemorrhagic fever virus (OHFV) are causative agents of natural focal infections in Western Siberia, Russia. The distribution of TBEV phylogenetic lineages and OHFV in the Kemerovo Region of Western Siberia remains poorly investigated. The phylogenetic analyses of fragment genome sequences 26 flaviviruses identified in 2019 were performed, and the amino acid variation was determined to reveal to which clusteron they belong.

Tracing the dynamics of superconducting order via transient terahertz third-harmonic generation.

Ultrafast optical control of quantum systems is an emerging field of physics. In particular, the possibility of light-driven superconductivity has attracted much of attention. To identify nonequilibrium superconductivity, it is necessary to measure fingerprints of superconductivity on ultrafast timescales.

Efficient ultrafast field-driven spin current generation for spintronic terahertz frequency conversion.

Efficient generation and control of spin currents launched by terahertz (THz) radiation with subsequent ultrafast spin-to-charge conversion is the current challenge for the next generation of high-speed communication and data processing units. Here, we demonstrate that THz light can efficiently drive coherent angular momentum transfer in nanometer-thick ferromagnet/heavy-metal heterostructures. This process is non-resonant and does neither require external magnetic fields nor cryogenics.

A universal route to efficient non-linear response via Thomson scattering in linear solids.

Non-linear materials are cornerstones of modern optics and electronics. Strong dependence on the intrinsic properties of particular materials, however, inhibits the at-will extension of demanding non-linear effects, especially those second-order ones, to widely adopted centrosymmetric materials (for example, silicon) and technologically important burgeoning spectral domains (for example, terahertz frequencies). Here we introduce a universal route to efficient non-linear responses enabled by exciting non-linear Thomson scattering, a fundamental process in electrodynamics that was known to occur only in relativistic electrons in metamaterial composed of linear materials.

Longitudinal association of prepubertal urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations with pubertal progression among a cohort of boys.

Background: Epidemiological studies have reported associations of anti-androgenic phthalate metabolite concentrations with later onset of male puberty, but few have assessed associations with progression.

Objectives: We examined the association of prepubertal urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations with trajectories of pubertal progression among Russian boys.

Methods: At enrollment (ages 8-9 years), medical history, dietary, and demographic information were collected.

Optical rectification and electro-optic sampling in quartz.

We report the electro-optic sampling (EOS) response and the terahertz (THz) optical rectification (OR) of the z-cut α-quartz. Due to its small effective second-order nonlinearity, large transparency window and hardness, freestanding thin quartz plates can faithfully measure the waveform of intense THz pulses with MV/cm electric-field strength. We show that both its OR and EOS responses are broad with extension up to ∼8 THz.

Increased Frequencies of the ‒174G and ‒572C Alleles in Populations of Indigenous Peoples of Siberia Compared to Russians.

-The study of immune response and inflammation gene polymorphisms in a genogeographic context is relevant in the study of human populations. Here, in the indigenous populations of Siberia the frequencies of polymorphic variants 174G/C (rs1800795) and ‒572C/G (rs1800796) of the gene encoding the proinflammatory cytokine IL-6 were determined. For the first time, it was shown that the frequencies of the ‒174G and ‒572C alleles, which determine increased inflammatory response and are also associated with several diseases were statistically significantly higher in ethnic groups of Buryats, Teleuts, Yakuts, Dolgans and Tuvinians than in Russians living in Siberia.

Ultrafast Tunable Terahertz-to-Visible Light Conversion through Thermal Radiation from Graphene Metamaterials.

Several technologies, including photodetection, imaging, and data communication, could greatly benefit from the availability of fast and controllable conversion of terahertz (THz) light to visible light. Here, we demonstrate that the exceptional properties and dynamics of electronic heat in graphene allow for a THz-to-visible conversion, which is switchable at a sub-nanosecond time scale. We show a tunable on/off ratio of more than 30 for the emitted visible light, achieved through electrical gating using a gate voltage on the order of 1 V.

Petrogenesis of juvenile pelletal lapilli in ultramafic lamprophyres.

The Chadobets alkaline-carbonatite complex (Siberian craton) is a natural laboratory for all varieties of ultramafic lamprophyres, including damtjernites formed by fluid-explosion mechanisms, which contain a large number of pelletal lapilli. Data obtained from comprehensive mineralogical, structural and chemical studies of these pelletal lapilli show strong similarity with the main magmatic mineral assemblage of damtjernites, suggesting a juvenile composition for them. The composition of phlogopite, carbonate and fluorapatite in pelletal lapilli is mostly constrained toward primitive compositions (beginning) of mineral crystallization trends in ultramafic lamprophyres.

[Increased Frequencies of the -174G and -572C IL6 Alleles in Populations of Indigenous Peoples of Siberia Compared to Russians].

The study of immune response and inflammation gene polymorphisms in a genogeographic context is relevant in the study of human populations. Here, in the indigenous populations of Siberia the frequencies of polymorphic variants -174G/C (rs1800795) and -572C/G (rs1800796) of the IL6 gene encoding the proinflammatory cytokine IL-6 were determined. For the first time, it was shown that the frequencies of the -174G and -572C alleles, which determine increased inflammatory response and are also associated with several diseases were statistically significantly higher in ethnic groups of Buryats, Teleuts, Yakuts, Dolgans and Tuvinians than in Russians living in Siberia.

Fano interference between collective modes in cuprate high-T superconductors.

Cuprate high-T superconductors are known for their intertwined interactions and the coexistence of competing orders. Uncovering experimental signatures of these interactions is often the first step in understanding their complex relations. A typical spectroscopic signature of the interaction between a discrete mode and a continuum of excitations is the Fano resonance/interference, characterized by the asymmetric light-scattering amplitude of the discrete mode as a function of the electromagnetic driving frequency.

Identifying New Clusterons: Application of TBEV Analyzer 3.0.

Early knowledge about novel emerging viruses and rapid determination of their characteristics are crucial for public health. In this context, development of theoretical approaches to model viral evolution are important. The clusteron approach is a recent bioinformatics tool which analyzes genetic patterns of a specific E protein fragment and provides a hierarchical network structure of the viral population at three levels: subtype, lineage, and clusteron.

Design and synthesis of atorvastatin derivatives with enhanced water solubility, hepatoselectivity and stability.

Statins are effective 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMG-R) inhibitors, which are successfully used for cardiovascular disease treatment. Statins' side effects are generally attributed to poor bioavailability and hepatoselectivity, which are closely related to their high lipophilicity. Targeted delivery of statins to the liver is considered as a way to reduce unwanted side effects.

Out of Asia? Expansion of Eurasian Lyme borreliosis causing genospecies display unique evolutionary trajectories.

Vector-borne pathogens exist in obligate transmission cycles between vector and reservoir host species. Host and vector shifts can lead to geographic expansion of infectious agents and the emergence of new diseases in susceptible individuals. Three bacterial genospecies (Borrelia afzelii, Borrelia bavariensis, and Borrelia garinii) predominantly utilize two distinct tick species as vectors in Asia (Ixodes persulcatus) and Europe (Ixodes ricinus).

Field-resolved THz-pump laser-probe measurements with CEP-unstable THz light sources.

Radiation sources with a stable carrier-envelope phase (CEP) are highly demanded tools for field-resolved studies of light-matter interaction, providing access both to the amplitude and phase information of dynamical processes. At the same time, many coherent light sources, including those with outstanding power and spectral characteristics lack CEP stability, and so far could not be used for this type of research. In this work, we present a method enabling linear and non-linear phase-resolved terahertz (THz) -pump laser-probe experiments with CEP-unstable THz sources.

Milliwatt terahertz harmonic generation from topological insulator metamaterials.

Achieving efficient, high-power harmonic generation in the terahertz spectral domain has technological applications, for example, in sixth generation (6G) communication networks. Massless Dirac fermions possess extremely large terahertz nonlinear susceptibilities and harmonic conversion efficiencies. However, the observed maximum generated harmonic power is limited, because of saturation effects at increasing incident powers, as shown recently for graphene.

Terahertz-slicing - an all-optical synchronization for 4 generation light sources.

A conceptually new approach to synchronizing accelerator-based light sources and external laser systems is presented. The concept is based on utilizing a sufficiently intense accelerator-based single-cycle terahertz pulse to slice a thereby intrinsically synchronized femtosecond-level part of a longer picosecond laser pulse in an electro-optic crystal. A precise synchronization of the order of 10 fs is demonstrated, allowing for real-time lock-in amplifier signal demodulation.

Urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations during four windows spanning puberty (prepuberty through sexual maturity) and association with semen quality among young Russian men.

Aim: To prospectively investigate the associations of urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations measured at four time points spanning pubertal development with semen parameters in Russian men.

Design: 516 boys were enrolled at ages 8-9 years (2003-2005) and followed annually.

Methods: Urine samples were collected annually and pooled into four exposure windows [prepuberty, early puberty, late puberty and sexual maturity] based on physician assessed Tanner genitalia stages and testicular volume.

[Modern approaches to the rehabilitation of patients with chronic paraproctitis in the early postoperative period].

Unlabelled: Along with the classical methods of surgical treatment of rectal fistulas, new minimally invasive technologies have appeared using video endoscopic support for processing the fistulous tract and closing the internal fistula opening, intrasphincter ligation of the fistulous tract LIFT, however, they do not exclude relapses in the late postoperative period. The FiLaC (Fistula Laser Closure) laser technology based on the use of a radial flexible laser light guide, which does not cause damage to the anal canal mucosa, pain in the postoperative period, rectal postoperative bleeding and strictures, is quite promising in the further development of outpatient minimally invasive surgery for anal fistulas. anal canal.

[Modern surgical technologies in the treatment of patients with chronic paraproctitis].

Unlabelled: The development of minimally invasive surgical technologies in the treatment of chronic paraproctitis is a promising young trend in coloproctology. Increasingly, in clinical practice, coloproctologists use laser technologies in the outpatient treatment of extra- and transsphincteric pararectal fistulas, in particular, laser technology FiLaC (Fistula Laser Closure).

Objective: Conducting a comparative retrospective and prospective cohort study of immediate and long-term results of treatment of complicated transsphincteric and extrasphincteric fistulas using the developed modified FiLaC technology with the «traditional» FiLaC technology, and standard excision of the fistulous tract with plasty of the internal fistula opening with a full-thickness flap of the rectal wall.

Associations of prepubertal urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations with pubertal onset among a longitudinal cohort of boys.

Background: Although phthalate exposures have been associated with adverse effects on male reproductive health, few studies have explored longitudinal associations with male pubertal development.

Objectives: We examined the association of prepubertal urinary concentrations of phthalate metabolites with age at pubertal onset in a prospective cohort of Russian boys.

Methods: At enrollment at ages 8-9 years, medical history, dietary, and demographic information was collected.

Omsk hemorrhagic fever virus is a tick-borne encephalitis virus adapted to muskrat through host-jumping.

Omsk hemorrhagic fever was first described in the early 1940s and is a natural focal infection, spread exclusively in four regions of Western Siberia, and associated with muskrat (Ondatra zibethicus). The etiological agent of this disease is the Omsk hemorrhagic fever virus (OHFV) which is closely related to the tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV), and its range entirely lies within the TBEV area. OHFV belongs to the mammalian tick-borne flaviviruses and the ecological group of arboviruses.