Effects of light exposure during IVF: transcriptomic analysis of murine embryos and embryo-derived EVs.

Introduction: Light exposure of embryos during assisted reproduction affects embryo quality and implantation capacity in a wavelength dependent manner. We investigated the molecular mechanism of these light-induced changes through the comparative analysis of gene expression and regulatory miRNA profile of murine embryos cultured in dark environment and those exposed to white- or red filtered light. miRNA sequencing was used to assess the role of embryo-derived extracellular vesicles in the endometrium-embryo dialogue.

Glioblastoma: Clinical Presentation, Multidisciplinary Management, and Long-Term Outcomes.

Glioblastoma, the most common and aggressive primary brain tumor in adults, presents a formidable challenge due to its rapid progression, treatment resistance, and poor survival outcomes. Standard care typically involves maximal safe surgical resection, followed by fractionated external beam radiation therapy and concurrent temozolomide chemotherapy. Despite these interventions, median survival remains approximately 12-15 months, with a five-year survival rate below 10%.

Diagnostic Use of Genome Sequencing in Patients With 11p15.5 Imprinting Disorder Features: A Pilot Study.

To assess the suitability of genome sequencing (GS) as the second step in the diagnostics of patients with the features of 11p15.5-associated imprinting disorders (ImpDis: Silver-Russell syndrome [SRS], Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome [BWS]), we performed short-read GS in patients negatively tested for imprinting disturbances. Obtaining a genetic diagnosis for patients with the features of these syndromes is challenging due to the clinical and molecular heterogeneity and overlap, and many patients remain undiagnosed after the currently suggested stepwise diagnostic workup.

Complex Diagnostic Challenges in Glioblastoma: The Role of F-FDOPA PET Imaging.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) remains one of the most aggressive and lethal forms of brain cancer, characterized by rapid proliferation and diffuse infiltration into the surrounding brain tissues. Despite advancements in therapeutic approaches, the prognosis for GBM patients is poor, with median survival times rarely exceeding 15 months post-diagnosis. An accurate diagnosis, treatment planning, and monitoring are crucial for improving patient outcomes.

Value of 11C-Methionine PET Imaging in High-Grade Gliomas: A Narrative Review.

11C-Methionine (MET) is a widely utilized amino acid tracer in positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of primary brain tumors. 11C-MET PET offers valuable insights for tumor classification, facilitates treatment planning, and aids in monitoring therapeutic response. Its tracer properties allow better delineation of the active tumor volume, even in regions that show no contrast enhancement on conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Recurrence Patterns after Radiotherapy for Glioblastoma with [(11)C]methionine Positron Emission Tomography-Guided Irradiation for Target Volume Optimization.

C methionine (C-MET) is increasingly being used in addition to contrast-enhanced MRI to plan for radiotherapy of patients with glioblastomas. This study aimed to assess the recurrence pattern quantitatively. Glioblastoma patients undergoing 11C-MET PET examination before primary radiotherapy from 2018 to 2023 were included in the analysis.

The role of chemoradiotherapy and immunotherapy in stage III NSCLC.

Locally advanced non-small lung cancer encompasses a diverse range of tumors. In the last few years, the treatment of stage III unresectable non-small lung cancer has evolved significantly. The PACIFIC trial opened a new therapeutic era in the treatment of locally advanced NSCLC, establishing durvalumab consolidation therapy as the new standard of care worldwide.

Flow Cytometry-Based Assay to Detect Alpha Galactosidase Enzymatic Activity at the Cellular Level.

Background: Fabry disease is a progressive, X chromosome-linked lysosomal storage disorder with multiple organ dysfunction. Due to the absence or reduced activity of alpha-galactosidase A (AGAL), glycosphingolipids, primarily globotriaosyl-ceramide (Gb3), concentrate in cells. In heterozygous women, symptomatology is heterogenous and currently routinely used fluorometry-based assays measuring mean activity mostly fail to uncover AGAL dysfunction.

Sex-specific cardiovascular remodeling leads to a divergent sex-dependent development of heart failure in aged hypertensive rats.

Introduction: The prevalence of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is continuously rising and predominantly affects older women often hypertensive and/or obese or diabetic. Indeed, there is evidence on sex differences in the development of HF. Hence, we studied cardiovascular performance dependent on sex and age as well as pathomechanisms on a cellular and molecular level.

[External radiation therapy of primary central nervous system tumors - current trends and practice].

The family of primary central nervous system (CNS) tumors is a highly heterogeneous group of diseases. In the complex care of CNS tumors, in addition to surgical and systemic treatments, modern external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) plays a prominent role. This summary article provides an overview of the current indications related to EBRT, diagnostic procedures, contouring, planning, and radiation therapy techniques and applications that can be used in daily routine for adults' most common primary CNS tumors.

Stereotactic body radiotherapy in lung cancer: a contemporary review.

The treatment of early stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has improved enormously in the last two decades. Although surgery is not the only choice, lobectomy is still the gold standard treatment type for operable patients. For inoperable patients stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) should be offered, reaching very high local control and overall survival rates.

LINAC-based SBRT in treating early-stage NSCLC patients-single institution experience and survival data analysis.

This single institute prospective study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of LINAC-based stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) in treating patients with early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSLSC). We focused on the survival data with the local and distant control profiles and the cancer- and non-cancer-specific survival. Treatment-related side effects were also collected and analyzed.

Impact of Fluorodeoxyglucose-Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography on Therapeutic Decisions and Radiotherapy Planning in Head and Neck Squamous Carcinoma: A Retrospective Study of 46 Patients.

BACKGROUND Positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) using fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) is essential in oncology for precise tumor delineation. This study evaluated FDG PET/CT's impact on therapeutic decisions in head and neck cancer, comparing metabolic tumor volumes (MTV) measured by different methods with radiotherapy targets, crucial for treatment planning and patient outcomes. MATERIAL AND METHODS We retrospectively analyzed 46 patients with histologically confirmed head and neck cancer who underwent FDG PET/CT examination before radiotherapy.

Sleep Quality and Perceived Stress among Health Science Students during Online Education-A Single Institution Study.

Recently, online education has been gaining prominence in university life. Our survey aimed to examine sleep quality and perceived stress levels among students at the University of Pécs Faculty of Health Sciences. A cross-sectional, quantitative, descriptive survey was conducted between February and March 2023.

Reduced burnout in medical and health science students during the pandemic COVID-19 - a follow-up study of a single institution in Hungary.

Background: The coronavirus pandemic has significantly impacted lives worldwide, especially of medical and health science students. In Hungary, education has been relegated to the online space, with a substantial proportion of students having to attend medical secondments. Increased stress, uncertainty, and the presence of medical secondments can have an impact on students' premature burnout.

Gene Therapy of Extracellular Vesicles in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases.

The ultimate and most complex form of treating human diseases is embodied by gene therapy. For an effective gene therapeutic product we need to hack the cellular plasma membrane entry-system, then escaping degradation in the cytosol and in most cases, we need an efficient hacking of the nuclear membrane-system, achieving the delivery of genetic construct into the central stage of the target cells: nucleoplasm or chromosomal DNA found in this highly controlled space. These steps need to be performed in a targeted, ordered, and efficient way.

Oxidative stress and inflammation distinctly drive molecular mechanisms of diastolic dysfunction and remodeling in female and male heart failure with preserved ejection fraction rats.

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a complex cardiovascular insufficiency syndrome presenting with an ejection fraction (EF) of greater than 50% along with different proinflammatory and metabolic co-morbidities. Despite previous work provided key insights into our understanding of HFpEF, effective treatments are still limited. In the current study we attempted to unravel the molecular basis of sex-dependent differences in HFpEF pathology.

Burnout and occupational stress among Hungarian radiographers working in emergency and non-emergency departments during COVID-19 pandemic.

Introduction: The increased workload caused by the coronavirus pandemic may have had a significant impact on the mental health of radiographers. The aim of our study was to investigate burnout and occupational stress in radiographers working in emergency departments (ED) and non-emergency departments (NED).

Methods: Quantitative, cross-sectional, descriptive research was carried out among radiographers working in the public health sector in Hungary.

Upregulation of exofacial peroxiredoxin-thioredoxin system of lymphocytes and monocytes in preeclampsia.

Objectives: An imbalanced redox homeostasis resulting in oxidative stress is present in preeclampsia. Peroxiredoxin-1 (PRDX1) and thioredoxin-1 (TRX1) regulatory enzymes are also contributing to the redox homeostasis, but were not investigated so far in preeclampsia. Thus, we have aimed to characterize PRDX1, TRX1 and oxidative stress biomarkers in blood samples of pregnant women with preeclampsia.

Enhancing Molecular Testing for Effective Delivery of Actionable Gene Diagnostics.

There is a deep need to navigate within our genomic data to find, understand and pave the way for disease-specific treatments, as the clinical diagnostic journey provides only limited guidance. The human genome is enclosed in every nucleated cell, and yet at the single-cell resolution many unanswered questions remain, as most of the sequencing techniques use a bulk approach. Therefore, heterogeneity, mosaicism and many complex structural variants remain partially uncovered.

Altered Cellular Protein Quality Control System Modulates Cardiomyocyte Function in Volume Overload-Induced Hypertrophy.

Volume-induced hypertrophy is one of the risk factors for cardiac morbidity and mortality. In addition, mechanical and metabolic dysfunction, aging, and cellular redox balance are also contributing factors to the disease progression. In this study, we used volume overload (VO), which was induced by an aortocaval fistula in 2-month-old male Wistar rats, and sham-operated animals served as control.