Prospective study of antibacterial susceptibility, risk factors and outcome of 157 episodes of Acinetobacter baumannii bacteremia in 1999 in Slovakia.

This study prospectively investigated all 157 cases of Acinetobacter baumannii bacteremia occurring in major university hospitals or tertiary care institutions in Slovakia during 1999 in order to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility, risk factors and outcome. Resistance to meropenem was 7.4, gentamicin 35.

Antifungal susceptibility of 262 bloodstream yeast isolates from a mixed cancer and non-cancer patient population: is there a correlation between in-vitro resistance to fluconazole and the outcome of fungemia?

The aim of this study was to test the antifungal susceptibility of 262 bloodstream yeast isolates (164 Candida albicans strain, 88 non-albicans Candida spp. and 10 non-Candida yeasts) recovered from 169 surgical, neonatal, critically ill intensive care unit patients (ICU), and cancer patients (mixed patient population) to amphotericin B (AmB), fluconazole (FLU), 5-flucytosine (5-FC), itraconazole (ITRA), ketoconazole (KETO), miconazole (MICO), and nystatin (NYS), in order to correlate in-vitro resistance to fluconazole with the outcome of fungemia. The agar disk diffusion test was used to assess the susceptibility of the 262 bloodstream yeasts isolates.

Breakthrough candidaemias during empirical therapy with fluconazole in non-cancer and non-HIV adults caused by in vitro-susceptible Candida spp.: report of 33 cases.

The objective of this study was to assess risk factors and the outcome of breakthrough fungaemias (BFs) occurring during fluconazole (FLU) therapy in non-cancer and non-HIV individuals. Thirty-three fungaemias occurring during therapy with FLU among a total of 310 fungaemias observed within a 10-y national survey were analysed. The agar disk diffusion method was used for antifungal susceptibility testing and the Vitek system for species identification.

Persistent fungemia--risk factors and outcome in 40 episodes.

The aim of this multicenter survey was to assess risk factors and mortality in patients with persistent fungemia (PF). Cases of persistent fungemia, defined as positive blood culture for at least 3 causative days of antifungal therapy were selected. Forty cases of persistent fungemia (lasting more than 3 days) were compared with 270 non-persistent fungemias appearing within the same period, and analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis for risk factors and outcome.

Breakthrough fungaemia in neonates and infants caused by Candida albicans and Candida parapsilosis susceptible to fluconazole in vitro.

Breakthrough fungaemias due to Candida albicans and Candida parapsilosis appearing during fluconazole therapy in neonates and infants were assessed for risk factors and outcome. Forty fungaemias occurred during therapy with fluconazole within a 12 year national survey and were compared with 161 cases of non-breakthrough paediatric fungaemias. The agar disc diffusion test method was used for antifungal susceptibility testing and the Vitek system for species identification.

Prospective study of fungaemia in a single cancer institution over a 10-y period: aetiology, risk factors, consumption of antifungals and outcome in 140 patients.

Over a 10-y period (1989-99) we prospectively evaluated all patients with fungaemia among 16,555 admissions (21,004 blood cultures) at a national cancer referral institution in the Slovak Republic. A prospective protocol was completed on 140 patients with fungaemia, which was then analysed in terms of aetiology, clinical characteristics, potential risk factors and outcome. The most frequently isolated organism was C.

Nosocomial fungemia due to amphotericin B-resistant Candida spp. in three pediatric patients after previous neurosurgery for brain tumors.

Amphotericin B (AmB) resistance in Candida spp. is very rare. Three cases of fungemia, due to amphotericin B-resistant Candida spp.

National and local antibiotic policies in Central and Eastern Europe.

To assess the antibiotic policies of Central European countries, we performed an overview of antibiotic stewardship, prescription habits and antibiotic prescription regulatory procedures. Since most Central European countries have had centralized health care and drug policies, the situation 10 years after decentralization is surprising. Only 3 of 10 Central European countries have some regulation of prescription of antibiotics, only 4 restrict some antibiotics, only 5 have hospital and only 3 national antibiotic policies.

Long-term (15 years) results of extended field radiotherapy in Hodgkin's disease.

From 1975 to 1990, 214 patients with the pathological Stage IA, IB, IIA, IIB and IIIA of Hodgkin's disease were treated by supradiaphragmatic and/or infradiaphragmatic mantle technique. Complete remission was achieved in 70 patients (8%) by means of radiotherapy only. Partial remission was achieved in 9 patients (2%).

Longitudinal 10-year prospective survey of fungaemia in Slovak Republic: trends in etiology in 310 episodes. Slovak Fungaemia study group.

A 10-year prospective survey of fungaemia in the Slovak Republic, involving 31 microbiology laboratories and 71 hospitals, was conducted from 1989-1998 (10 years): 310 fungaemias were analyzed for etiology, clinical characteristics, therapy, and outcome. C. albicans was responsible for 191 (61.

Bacteremia and fungemia in pediatric versus adult cancer patients after chemotherapy: comparison of etiology, risk factors and outcome.

One hundred and eighteen (118) episodes of bacteremia and fungemia in children with cancer were compared to 401 episodes of bacteremia and fungemia in adults with cancer to assess differences in etiology, risk factors and outcome. A retrospective univariate analysis was performed of all episodes of bacteremia in national pediatric and adult cancer institutions appearing in 1990-1996. A total of 519 episodes of bacteremia were assessed and compared.