Nanoparticle-Based gene therapy strategies in retinal delivery.

Vision loss and blindness are significant issues in both developed and developing countries. There are a wide variety of aetiologies that can cause vision loss, which are outlined in this review. Although treatment has significantly improved over time for some conditions, nearly half of all people with vision impairment are left untreated.

Progression of resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma during surgical delay and effects on survival - A propensity score matched study.

Background: Surgery is the only curative treatment for pancreatic cancer, but less than 25 % of the patients present with a resectable tumor at the time of diagnosis. The aim of this study is to evaluate progression during surgical treatment delay and examine any associations between surgical treatment delay and survival.

Methods: This is a retrospective, single center propensity score matched study including treatment naïve patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma between 2018 and 2022.

Experimental and DFT Approaches to Physico-Chemical Properties of Bioactive Resveratrol Analogues.

Acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase are two related enzymes that represent pharmacologically suitable targets in neurodegenerative disorders, given their physiological roles in the body. The treatment of neurodegenerative disorders currently includes common reversible cholinesterase inhibitors. Resveratrol analogues, as the molecules in focus, have shown the very strong inhibition potential of cholinesterases.

Advanced drug delivery strategies for diabetic retinopathy: current therapeutic advancement, and delivery methods overcoming barriers, and experimental modalities.

Introduction: Diabetic retinopathy, a significant trigger for blindness among working age individuals with diabetes, poses a substantial global health challenge. Understanding its underlying mechanisms is pivotal for developing effective treatments. Current treatment options, such as anti-VEGF agents, corticosteroids, laser photocoagulation, and vitreous surgery, have their limitations, prompting the exploration of innovative approaches like nanocapsules based drug-delivery systems.

Characterization of Anticancer Drug Protomers Using Electrospray Ionization and Ion Mobility Spectrometry-Mass Spectrometry.

We used electrospray ionization and ion mobility spectrometry-mass spectrometry to detect and characterize the three anticancer drugs palbociclib, copanlisib, and olaparib. Ion mobility-mass spectrometry and density functional theory revealed that these compounds generate isomers during ionization (protomers) due to the presence of multiple protonation sites within their chemical structures. Our work has implications for understanding the solution- and gas-phase chemistry of these molecules during spray-based ionization processes.

Exploring delivery systems for targeted nanotechnology-based gene therapy in the inner ear.

Hearing loss places a significant burden on our aging population. However, there has only been limited progress in developing therapeutic techniques to effectively mediate this condition. This review will outline several of the most commonly utilized practices for the treatment of sensorineural hearing loss before exploring more novel techniques currently being investigated via both and research.

Polymer-Based Nanoparticles with Probucol and Lithocholic Acid: A Novel Therapeutic Approach for Oxidative Stress-Induced Retinopathies.

Oxidative stress is pivotal in retinal disease progression, causing dysfunction in various retinal components. An effective antioxidant, such as probucol (PB), is vital to counteract oxidative stress and emerges as a potential candidate for treating retinal degeneration. However, the challenges associated with delivering lipophilic drugs such as PB to the posterior segment of the eye, specifically targeting photoreceptor cells, necessitate innovative solutions.

Polymer-Based Nanoparticles for Inner Ear Targeted Trans Differentiation Gene Therapy.

Hearing loss is a significant disability that often goes under recognised, largely due to poor identification, prevention, and treatment. Steps are being made to amend these pitfalls in the investigation of hearing loss, however, the development of a cure to reverse advanced forms remains distant. This review details some current advances in the treatment of hearing loss, with a particular focus on genetic-based nanotechnology and how it may provide a useful avenue for further research.

The efficacy of intravenous application of the Mycobacterium Cell Wall Fraction (AMPLIMUNE) in the treatment of subclinical mastitis caused by S. Aureus.

The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of the immunostimulant Mycobacterium Cell Wall Fraction (MCWF) on the treatment of S. aureus SCM by intravenous application. The study included 45 HF dairy cows in 2nd and 3rd month after parturition divided into three groups (n = 15 per group): the MC + group - cows with S.

Probucol-bile acid nanoparticles: a novel approach and promising solution to prevent cellular oxidative stress in sensorineural hearing loss.

The use of antioxidants could thus prove an effective medication to prevent or facilitate recovery from oxidative stress-induced sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). One promising strategy to prevent SNHL is developing probucol (PB)-based nanoparticles using encapsulation technology and administering them to the inner ear via the established intratympanic route. The preclinical, clinical and epidemiological studies support that PB is a proven antioxidant that could effectively prevent oxidative stress in different study models.

Probucol-Ursodeoxycholic Acid Otic Formulations: Stability and In Vitro Assessments for Hearing Loss Treatment.

Targeted drug delivery is an ongoing aspect of scientific research that is expanding through the design of micro- and nanoparticles. In this paper, we focus on spray dried microparticles as carriers for a repurposed lipophilic antioxidant (probucol). We characterise the microparticles and quantify probucol prior to assessing cytotoxicity on both control and cisplatin treated hair cells (known as House Ear Institute-Organ of Corti 1; HEI-OC1).

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) phytoaccumulation in urban areas by Platanus × acerifolia, Celtis australis, and Tilia grandifolia leaves and branches.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) concentrations in the leaves and 1-year-old branches of three common tree species growing in a middle-sized city located in a moderate climate zone were estimated. For this purpose, PAH phytoaccumulation in Platanus × acerifolia, Celtis australis, and Tilia grandifolia species from highly urbanized, traffic congested, and highly PAH-contaminated streets was compared with trees from non-contaminated parks in the same urban core. The gathered data was used to define 17 PAH profiles, identify the main PAH pollution emission sources, and determine the organ and species specificity of PAHs accumulation.

EUS-guided biopsies versus surgical specimens for establishing patient-derived pancreatic cancer organoids: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background And Aims: Patient-derived tumor organoids (PDTOs) are a promising new disease model in pancreatic cancer for use in personalized medicine. However, the overall success rate (SR) of establishing these cultures from EUS-guided biopsies is unknown.

Methods: We searched relevant database publications reporting SRs of PDTO establishment from pancreatic cancer.

Biotechnological Effects of Advanced Smart-Bile Acid Cyclodextrin-Based Nanogels for Ear Delivery and Treatment of Hearing Loss.

Inner ear delivery requires safe and effective drug delivery vehicles incorporating high-viscosity formulations with permeation enhancers. This study designs novel thermoresponsive-smart polymer-bile acid and cyclodextrin-based nanogels for inner ear delivery. Nanogels are examined for their rheological and physical properties.

Probucol-bile acid based nanoparticles protect auditory cells from oxidative stress: an study.

Excessive free radicals contribute to oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). The antioxidant probucol holds promise, but its limited bioavailability and inner ear barriers hinder effective SNHL treatment. We addressed this by developing probucol-loaded nanoparticles with polymers and lithocholic acid and tested them on House Ear Institute-Organ of Corti cells.

Association of HOTAIR, MIR155HG, TERC, miR-155, -196a2, and -146a Genes Polymorphisms with Papillary Thyroid Cancer Susceptibility and Prognosis.

Polymorphisms in long non-coding RNA and microRNA genes may play a significant role in the susceptibility and progression of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). The current study investigates the polymorphisms HOTAIR rs920778, MIR155HG rs1893650, TERC rs10936599, miR-155 rs767649, miR-196a2 rs11614913 and miR-146a rs2910164 in 102 PTC patients and 106 age- and sex-matched controls of the Caucasian Serbian population, using real-time PCR. We observed differences in genotype distributions of the HOTAIR rs920778 ( = 0.

Bile Acid Application in Cell-Targeting for Molecular Receptors in Relation to Hearing: A Comprehensive Review.

Bile acids play important roles in the human body, and changes in their pool can be used as markers for various liver pathologies. In addition to their functional effects in modulating inflammatory responses and cellular survivability, the unconjugated or conjugated, secondary, or primary nature of bile acids accounts for their various ligand effects. The common hydrophilic bile acids have been used successfully as local treatment to resolve drug-induced cell damage or to ameliorate hearing loss.

Novel polysaccharides-bile acid-cyclodextrin gel systems and effects on cellular viability and bioenergetic parameters.

The novel hydrogel systems made from sodium alginate, pectin, beta-cyclodextrin and deoxycholic acid (DCA) were proposed as potential drug-delivery matrices. To ensure biocompatibility, rheological parameters were examined and hydrogels' effects on bioenergetic parameters and cellular viability on murine hepatic, and muscle and pancreatic beta cells. All hydrogels show non-Newtonian, shear thinning behavior.

The effect of deoxycholic acid-based hydrogels on hepatic, muscle and pancreatic beta cells.

The aim of this study is to test the biocompatibility of hydrogels with polysaccharides and bile acids on three murine cell lines. Novel hydrogels containing poloxamer 407, polysaccharides (starch, pectin, acacia, carboxymethyl and methyl 2-hydroxyethyl cellulose) and deoxycholic acid were prepared using cold method, sterilized and used in biological assays to determine effects on hepatic, muscle, and pancreatic beta cells. Hydrogels with deoxycholic acid had tissue-depending effects on cellular survival and bioenergetics, resulting in the best cellular viability and bioenergetics within pancreatic beta cells.

New resveratrol analogs as improved biologically active structures: Design, synthesis and computational modeling.

New analogs of the well-known bioactive trihydroxy-stilbene resveratrol were synthesized to investigate their potential biological activity. The focus was on assessing their ability to inhibit cholinesterase enzymes (ChEs) and their antioxidative properties, which were thoroughly examined. New resveratrol analogs were synthesized through Wittig or McMurry reaction in moderate-to-good yields.

selection of drought-tolerant white poplar clones based on antioxidant activities and osmoprotectant content.

Introduction: In light of upcoming climate change, there is an urgent requirement for tree improvement regarding adaptability to drought-caused stress and the development of quick and reliable screening methodologies for genotypes' drought tolerance. White poplar is, despite its high adaptability, considered to be an endangered tree species in Serbia, which gives it special importance in the preservation and improvement of biodiversity of riparian ecosystems. The main goal of this research was to evaluate the tolerance of five white poplar clones to the presence of polyethylene glycol (PEG 6000 molecular weight 6000) (different concentrations (e.

Cholinesterase Inhibitory and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of the Naphtho- and Thienobenzo-Triazole Photoproducts: Experimental and Computational Study.

New 1,2,3-triazolo(thieno)stilbenes were synthesized as mixtures of isomers and efficiently photochemically transformed to their corresponding substituted thienobenzo/naphtho-triazoles in high isolated yields. The resulting photoproducts were studied as acetyl- (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitors without or with interconnected inhibition potential of TNF-α cytokine production. The most promising anti-inflammatory activity was shown again by naphtho-triazoles, with a derivative featuring 4-pentenyl substituents exhibiting notable potential as a cholinesterase inhibitor.

Performance of EUS-FNA and EUS-B-FNA for the diagnosis of left adrenal glands metastases in patients with lung cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: For diagnosing left adrenal gland metastasis in lung cancer, clinical guidelines recommend to perform EUS, but EUS-B (EUS using an EBUS-scope) is increasingly being used. We evaluated the diagnostic performance of both procedures.

Materials And Methods: We did a systematic review (PROSPERO, CRD42023416205) and searched MEDLINE and EMBASE on 04-July-2023 for studies evaluating EUS and/or EUS-B in diagnosing left adrenal gland metastases in adults with (suspected) lung cancer.

Tissue amount and diagnostic yield of a novel franseen EUS-FNB and a standard EUS-FNA needle-A randomized controlled study in solid pancreatic lesions.

Background And Objectives: Several types of needles are available for EUS-guided tissue sampling of pancreatic lesions. Whereas fine-needle aspiration (FNA) needles typically provide cytological samples, fine-needle biopsy (FNB) needles are designed to obtain microcores with preserved tissue architecture. The aim of this study was to compare tissue amount and diagnostic yield between a modified Franseen-type FNB needle (TopGain; Medi-Globe GmbH, Grassau, Germany) and a standard FNA needle.