Descriptive study of cases of schizophrenia in the Malian population.

Background: Schizophrenia is a relatively common disease worldwide with a point prevalence of around 5/1000 in the population. The aim of this present work was to assess the demographic, clinical, familial, and environmental factors associated with schizophrenia in Mali.

Methods: This was a prospective descriptive study on a series of 164 patients aged at least 12 years who came for a follow-up consultation at the psychiatry department of the University Hospital Center (CHU) Point G in Mali between February 2019 and January 2020 for schizophrenia spectrum disorder as defined by DSM-5 diagnostic criteria.

Neuropsychiatric and socio-cultural aspects in a Malian family with spinocerebellar ataxia.

Introduction: Spino-cerebellar ataxia or SCA are dominant neurological diseases caused by mutations in several genes. According to social and cultural contexts, especially in populations with low education level, the advent of such diseases might generate other kinds of suffering beside those caused by the physical impairment and disability. The aim of this work was to determine the impact of this disease in patients and their relatives.

[Epidemiological aspects of autism in mental health care structures in the district of Bamako, Mali].

Aims: Autism is a global and early developmental disorder that appears before the age 3 years old. It is characterized by a triad of symptoms affecting the following domains: social interaction, verbal and non-verbal communication, imagination and behaviors. This work aimed to determine the frequency of autism and to identify its risk factors in Malians aged 0-17 years old.

Information about medications in the district of Bamako, Mali.

The aim of our study was to investigate the quality of information about pharmaceutical products in Mali. The study surveyed 98 prescribers, 60 pharmacists, and the package inserts of a basket of 30 generic medicines, compared to those of the corresponding proprietary versions. We made a rational choice of 98 doctors from various specialties and levels of the health system and randomly selected 60 of the 215 pharmacies in the district of Bamako (Mali).

The outbreak of meningitis due to Neisseria meningitidis W135 in 2003 in Burkina Faso and the national response: main lessons learnt.

Among the countries situated in the African meningitis belt, Burkina Faso is usually the one which pays the highest toll to this disease in terms of morbidity and mortality. Until 2002, the causal agent of the epidemic was usually Neisseria meningitidis serogroup A. At the onset of the 2002 epidemic, N.

The first large epidemic of meningococcal disease caused by serogroup W135, Burkina Faso, 2002.

In 2001 a significant proportion of cases of meningococcal meningitis toward the end of a serogroup A epidemic in Niger and Burkina Faso was found to be caused by serogroup W135 meningococci. The World Health Organization put in place in several African countries an extended surveillance scheme in preparation for a possible epidemic situation. In January 2002, the first large epidemic of meningococcal disease caused by serogroup W135 started in Burkina Faso, resulting in more than 12,000 cases and 1400 deaths.

[Factors associated with antiretroviaral treatment observance at Point "G" hospital].

Objective: To study the factors associated with the observance of treatment ARV among patients followed in hospital medium to Bamako.

Method: Inquire longitudinal with collection of the data near the patients followed in one of the three greater sites of assumption of responsibility of the people reached with the VIH/SIDA to Mali. The people were regarded as observing if they took at least 95% of their treatment the moment of the investigation.

[The clinical and biological tolerance of nevirapine among patients with AIDS under treatment at the Hospital of the Point G].

The national policy of assumption of responsibility of the PVVIH decided to put 80% of new inclusions under Triomune, 1st therapeutic line made up of 3TC + D4T + Nevirapine. The use of Nevirapine among patients VIH+ plays a very important part in improvement of the quality of their life. The goal of this study was to evaluate the clinical and biological tolerance of Nevirapine at the PVVIH under treatment ARV and having Nevirapine in their diagram.

[First major epidemic caused by Neisseria meningitidis serogroup W135 in Africa?].

Neisseria meningitidis serogroup W 135 (N.m. W 135) has caused sporadic infections and small epidemics such as those that occurred during religious pilgrimages in Saudi Arabia in 2000 and in 2001.

The identification of a complex A/G/I/J recombinant HIV type 1 virus in various West African countries.

In this sequence note we describe the full-length genome sequence of an HIV-1 isolate originating from the west African country of Mali. The phylogenetic tree analysis from the near full-length genome shows that the 95ML84 strain forms a separate cluster, supported by 100% of the bootstrap values, with the previously described A/G/J/? mosaic virus BFP90 from Burkina Faso. Additional analysis showed that throughout the genome the lowest diversity was seen between the 95ML84 and the BFP90 viruses, and bootscan analysis showed a similar complex genomic structure.

A single dose of live oral cholera vaccine CVD 103-HgR is safe and immunogenic in HIV-infected and HIV-noninfected adults in Mali.

Despite considerable experience with single-dose, live, oral cholera vaccine CVD 103-HgR in Asia, Europe, and the Americas, the vaccine had not been evaluated in sub-Saharan Africa or on individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). We therefore conducted a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, cross-over clinical trial in 38 HIV-seropositive (without clinical acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)) and 387 HIV-seronegative adults in Mali to assess its safety and immunogenicity. Adverse reactions (fever, diarrhoea and vomiting) were observed with similar frequency among vaccine and placebo recipients.

Genetic subtypes of HIV type 1 and HIV type 2 strains in commercial sex workers from Bamako, Mali.

In Africa the highest HIV infection rate has been reported among female commercial sex workers (CSWs) who are at increasing risk of acquiring and transmitting HIV infection. In October 1995, 176 CSWs were studied in Bamako, the capital city of Mali. The ages of the CSWs ranged from 15 to 50 years old (mean, 28.

Geographical distribution of HIV-1 group O viruses in Africa.

Objective: To determine to what extent HIV-1 group O strains are present in different African countries.

Materials And Methods: A total of 14,682 samples of sera from a range of patients from 12 different African countries were tested. All the sera were tested with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using a combination of V3 peptides from ANT-70 and MVP-5180.

[Molecular epidemiology of meningococcal meningitis in Mali: isolation of a new class 1 protein variant (P1.y)].

The study deals with 570 strains of Neisseriaceae isolated between 1989 and 1994 in Mali: 396 of the strains were isolated from samples of cerebrospinal fluid and 174 from the throat. Serogroup C accounted for 55% of all strains. Antigenic structure was determined by ELISA, SDS-PAGE and transfer to nitrocellulose membrane for immunoblotting with monoclonal antibodies produced at the Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics.

Comparison of three human-murine heteromyeloma cell lines for formation of human hybridomas after electrofusion with human peripheral blood lymphocytes from meningococcal cases and carriers.

Peripheral blood lymphocytes from meningitis patients and healthy meningococcal carriers were fused by electrofusion with the three human-murine heteromyeloma cell lines CB-F7, K6H6B5 and H7NS. 934 hybridomas producing human immunoglobulins were obtained in 30 fusions. Heteromyeloma K6H6B5 yielded a significantly higher proportion of hybridomas producing IgG antibodies than did the two other cell lines.

[Rhinopharyngeal carriage of Neisseria meningitidis serogroup C in the collectivity around the patients of Mali. Apropos of 1,033 subjects sampled].

This study showed that the carriage rate is nul or low in collectivity not in close contact, but high in collectivity in close contact (schools, particularly coranic schools). In this later case, the duration of the carriage may reach several weeks (2 to 6 in our study) at variable rates (3.7 to 9.

Immunogenicity and evolutionary variability of epitopes within IgA1 protease from serogroup A Neisseria meningitidis.

Five murine epitopes were defined and mapped within IgA1 protease produced by Neisseria meningitidis. Epitopes 1 and 2 were present in IgA1 protease from all strains, and from Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Epitopes 3 through to 5 varied between subgroups of serogroup A meningococci, but have remained constant over decades within the subgroups, except for epitope 4, which changed between 1983 and 1987 during the spread of subgroup III meningococci from Asia to Africa.

Antigenic and epidemiologic properties of the ET-37 complex of Neisseria meningitidis.

A special collection of 336 Neisseria meningitidis strains was established that spanned the genetic variability, as defined by multilocus enzyme electrophoresis, of the ET-37 complex (228 strains isolated in different continents between the 1960s and the 1980s) and of other serogroup C meningococci (108 strains). Of the strains in the ET-37 complex, 90% were serogroup C and 10% were serogroup B. Most ET-37 complex strains were serotype 2a and serosubtype P1.

[Bacteriological aspects of purulent meningitis in Bamako district. Apropos of 1,541 bacterial strains collected from 1979 to 1991].

This study is about bacteriological aspects of purulent meningitis in Bamako area upon 1,541 strains collected from 1979 to 1991. It showed that N. meningitidis, S.

[Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in Mali].

This review summarises epidemiological and clinical data of HIV infection who was recognized in Mali since 1985. The most important rate of seropositivity for HIV is observed in the prostitutes group (40%). The estimated seroprevalence for adult population is between 1% and 5%.

[Bacteriologic characteristics of 25 strains of Vibrio cholerae, biotype eltor isolated in Mali].

This work studies bacteriological characters of 25 strains of V. cholerae isolated in Mali during the outbreak of 1984-1987. These strains were precisely identified by biochemistry characters, toxin secretion, presence of a structure considered as attachment factor.

[Differences in rubella immunity in Mali and Hamburg and their consequences].

The rare occurrence of rubella embryopathy in Mali stimulated us to investigate the rubella immunity of the population. Sera from females from Hamburg (n = 97) between 16 and 42 years old were in 84,5% seropositive (hemolysin-in-gel test) whilst a sample of Malien females (n = 99) were positive in 92,9%. Our investigations showed that the Malien children were significantly (p = less than 0.

Prevalence of antibodies against respiratory viruses in children of Koulikoro (Mali).

The prevalence of antibodies to viruses associated with respiratory illnesses (influenza, corona, R.S., adeno, parainfluenza Mycoplasma pneumoniae) has been investigated in 119 children under 3 years of age (Koulikoro region Mali) and 50 persons 15-19 years of age (Bamako/Mali).