GABAergic and glutamatergic neurons in the brain regulate phase II of migrating motor contractions in the Suncus murinus.

Gastric contractions exhibit characteristic motor patterns in the fasted state, known as migrating motor contractions (MMC). MMC consist of three periodically repeated phases (phase I, II and III) and are known to be regulated by hormones and the autonomic and enteric nervous systems. However, the central regulation of gastric contractions in the fasted state is not completely understood.

Underlying mechanism of the cyclic migrating motor complex in Suncus murinus: a change in gastrointestinal pH is the key regulator.

In the fasted gastrointestinal (GI) tract, a characteristic cyclical rhythmic migrating motor complex (MMC) occurs in an ultradian rhythm, at 90-120 min time intervals, in many species. However, the underlying mechanism directing this ultradian rhythmic MMC pattern is yet to be completely elucidated. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the possible causes or factors that involve in the occurrence of the fasting gastric contractions by using Suncus murinus a small model animal featuring almost the same rhythmic MMC as that found in humans and dogs.

Involvement of Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid Receptor 1, (TRPV1)-Expressing Vagal Nerve in the Inhibitory Effect of Gastric Acidification on Exogenous Motilin-Induced Gastric Phase III Contractions in Suncus murinus.

Background: Gastric acidification inhibits motilin-induced gastric phase III contractions. However, the underlying mechanism has not been thoroughly investigated. Here, we studied the inhibitory mechanism by gastric acidification on motilin-induced contraction in Suncus murinus (S.

Enantioselective synthesis of derivatives and structure-activity relationship study in the development of NA255 as a novel host-targeting anti-HCV agent.

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection represents a serious health-care problem. Previously we reported the identification of NA255 from our natural products library using a HCV sub-genomic replicon cell culture system. Herein, we report how the absolute stereochemistry of NA255 was determined and an enantioselective synthetic method for NA255 derivatives was developed.

[Laparoscopic radical prostatectomy: six key points of operative skill for achieving better urinary continence].

Postoperative urinary incontinence is a major impairment to patients' quality of life after prostatectomy, and is not limited to laparoscopic total prostatectomy. Improvements in devices and techniques of laparoscopic surgery have facilitated reliable cancer control, and in this situation there will now be increasing focus on postoperative quality of life (QOL), particularly urinary incontinence. Between July 2007 and March 2009, we have performed laparoscopic total prostatectomy for 53 patients, focusing on techniques to reduce urinary incontinence.

[A pheochromocytoma of urinary bladder treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy].

A 69-year-old female presented with hypertension and a solid mass in the bladder on ultrasonography. Cystoscopy revealed a submucosal tumor in the right lateral wall of the bladder. A transurethral resection was performed.

[Renal cell carcinoma in a horseshoe kidney: a case report].

A 59-year-old man visited another hospital with a chief complaint of malaise. Radiological examinations revealed a renal cell carcinoma associated with horseshoe kidney. He was referred to our hospital.

New analogue of arenastatin A, a potent cytotoxic spongean depsipeptide, with anti-tumor activity.

Two analogues possessing steric hindered substituents on C-15 of arenastatin A (1), a potent cytotoxic spongean depsipeptide, were synthesized and shown to enhance stability in mouse serum. Notably, 15-tert-butylanalogue (6) with higher cytotoxicity exhibited in vivo anti-tumor activity through iv administration different from 1. Additionally, conformation analysis among the two analogues and arenastatin A (1) indicated that the torsion angle from C-14 to C-20 is a conclusive factor for the potent cytotoxicity of 1.