Effectiveness of first-line anticancer treatment may predict treatment response in further lines in stage III/IV patients with non-small cell lung cancer.

Purpose: The aim of our study was to evaluate if therapeutic success in the first-line of anticancer treatments in patients with NSCLC may predict treatment success in the following lines.

Methods: We analyzed the data of patients with NSCLC stage III/IV from the TULUNG registry separately for chemotherapy, TKIs, ALK inhibitors, and immunotherapy in the first line during the years 2011-2019. "Succesful treatment " was defined as PFS ≥ 6 months, a "good responder " was a patient with ˃50% of "successful treatment " lines.

Serious Immune-related Adverse Events Are Associated With Greater Efficacy of Nivolumab Therapy Against Non-small Cell Lung Cancer.

Background/aim: The aim of this study was to investigate possible association between adverse events of nivolumab therapy and the effectiveness of treatment in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Focusing on serious adverse events (i.e.

Can Previous Chemotherapy Affect the Outcome of Nivolumab Treatment in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer?

Aim: This study compared the results of nivolumab treatment in patients with pulmonary adenocarcinomas based upon previous chemotherapeutic regimens.

Patients And Methods: The data source for this retrospective study was the Czech VILP registry of patients with nivolumab-treated adenocarcinomas in second and higher lines of treatment. In relation to objective response rate, progression-free interval, and overall survival, three comparisons of patient were made: A: Those treated in first line with cisplatin and pemetrexed versus carboplatin with paclitaxel or vinorelbine; B: treatment with cisplatin and pemetrexed versus carboplatin with paclitaxel/vinorelbine and bevacizumab; and C: treatment in previous lines with pemetrexed (first-line cisplatin and pemetrexed plus those treated in second line with pemetrexed) versus treatment with taxane (first-line carboplatin and paclitaxel only plus those treated with second-line docetaxel).

Prognostic Value of Exon-20 Insertions in Czech Patients With Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer.

Background/aim: Per literature, patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) exon-20 insertions respond poorly to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). This study analyzed real-world data to examine the prognostic and predictive value of these mutations.

Patients And Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study using Czech TULUNG Registry data, with data on multiple mutation types, collected in 2011-2020.

Lung Cancer Versus "Young Cancer": Is Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer in Young Patients a Different Entity?

Aim was to analyze demographic and tumor characteristics, treatment, and survival of patients with lung cancer younger than 40 years of age (U40) compared to older subgroups (41-70 and >70 years). We analyzed data of young patients diagnosed and treated in 2011-2019 in five pneumo-oncology centers in Czechia. Standard descriptive statistics, chi-squared test, Fisher exact test, and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis were used.

Autologous dendritic cell-based immunotherapy (DCVAC/LuCa) and carboplatin/paclitaxel in advanced non-small cell lung cancer: A randomized, open-label, phase I/II trial.

Purpose: To investigate the efficacy and safety of an active cellular immunotherapy (DCVAC/LuCa) and chemotherapy in patients with stage IV non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Patients And Methods: SLU01 was a multicenter, open-label, parallel-group, randomized, phase I/II trial. NSCLC patients were randomized in a ratio of 1:1:1 to receive: DCVAC/LuCa and chemotherapy (carboplatin and paclitaxel; Group A); DCVAC/LuCa, chemotherapy, pegylated interferon-α2b, and hydroxychloroquine (Group B); or chemotherapy alone (Group C).

Comparison of Chemotherapeutic Regimens Frequently Used in Metastatic Non-squamous NSCLC Treatment.

Background/aim: Platinum-based chemotherapy with pemetrexed or paclitaxel/bevacizumab are regimens used in combination with checkpoint inhibitors in non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatment. We conducted a real-world study to compare the outcomes of these chemotherapeutic regimens.

Patients And Methods: We investigated 1,534 patients with advanced non-squamous NSCLC treated with platin/pemetrexed (n=1212) or platin/paclitaxel/bevacizumab (n=322) in 9 cancer centres in the Czech Republic.

Real-life Effectiveness of Afatinib Gefitinib in Patients With Non-small-cell Lung Cancer: A Czech Multicentre Study.

Background/aim: We investigated efficacy differences for afatinib versus gefitinib in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) according to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations.

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively analysed data for 343 patients with NSCLC with performance status 1 having EGFR mutations treated with gefitinib or afatinib. Overall response rate (ORR) was tested by Fisher's exact test.

Real-life effectiveness of first-line anticancer treatments in stage IIIB/IV NSCLC patients: Data from the Czech TULUNG Registry.

Background: Data regarding real-life effectiveness of any treatment may improve clinical decision-making. The aim of this study was to evaluate real-life effectiveness of tyrosin-kinase inhibitors, bevacizumab and pemetrexed as first-line treatments in patients with advanced/metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods: We analyzed data of 2157 patients of the Czech TULUNG Registry of patients with advanced/metastatic NSCLC who received modern-era treatments between 2011 and 2018.

Care of patients with non-small-cell lung cancer stage III - the Central European real-world experience.

Background Management of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is affected by regional specificities. The present study aimed at determining diagnostic and therapeutic procedures including outcome of patients with NSCLC stage III in the real-world setting in Central European countries to define areas for improvements. Patients and methods This multicentre, prospective and non-interventional study collected data of patients with NSCLC stage III in a web-based registry and analysed them centrally.

Non-small Cell Lung Cancer as a Chronic Disease - A Prospective Study from the Czech TULUNG Registry.

Aim: To compare survival outcomes in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with modern-era drugs (antifolates, antiangiogenics, tyrosine kinase and anaplastic lymphoma kinase inhibitors, immunotherapy) with treatment initiation in 2011-12 and 2015-16, respectively.

Patients And Methods: Prospective data from Czech TULUNG Registry (960 patients from 2011-12 and 512 patients from 2015-16) were analyzed. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to estimate overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS); Cox proportional hazards model to assess factors associated with 2-year survival.

Chronic Inflammation as a Potential Predictive Factor of Nivolumab Therapy in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer.

Aim: To investigate potential associations between clinical and standard peripheral blood biomarkers and clinical outcome in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with nivolumab.

Patients And Methods: A total of 120 patients with advanced NSCLC treated at seven comprehensive cancer care centers were analyzed in this national retrospective study. Survival statistics were evaluated using the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox analysis.

Carboplatin with intravenous and subsequent oral administration of vinorelbine in resected non-small-cell-lung cancer in real-world set-up.

Objectives: Adjuvant cisplatin-based chemotherapy is recommended for routine use in patients with Stage IIA, IIB or IIIA non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after complete resection. Results obtained for Stage IB were not conclusive. While vinorelbine plus cisplatin is the preferred choice after resection, combining vinorelbine with carboplatin promises improved compliance and delivery of drugs due to lower toxicity.

[Immunotherapy of Bronchogenic Carcinoma and Its Perspectives].

Immunotherapy is becoming another possible alternative in the treatment of lung cancer. It is a completely different method of treating cancer which is not directed to the tumor itself, but to the immune system. Surface antigens present on tumor cells may be an effective and specific therapeutic targets and strategies based on antibodies inhibiting immune check-points significantly improves the antitumor immune response.

Evaluation of cytotoxic activity of titanocene difluorides and determination of their mechanism of action in ovarian cancer cells.

Background: Ovarian cancer is the seventh-most common cancer amongst women and the most deadly gynecologic cancer. Cisplatin based drugs are used in first line therapy, but resistance represents a major obstacle for successful treatment. In this study, we investigated the anticancer effects and mechanism of action of three titanocene difluorides, two bearing a pendant carbohydrate moiety (α-D-ribofuranos-5-yl) on their periphery and one without any substitution.

Electrochemical analysis of a novel ferrocene derivative as a potential antitumor drug.

Ferrocenes represent an interesting group of drugs with potential antitumor properties. Moreover, their electronic properties make them suitable for electrochemical studies. We determined an uptake of a novel ferrocene derivative in low μM concentrations by selected cancer cell lines and showed its localization predominantly in cytoplasm, using glassy carbon electrodes.

Lung cancer, pulmonary emphysema and pleural effusion: An autopsy study.

Objectives: To determine the exact incidence of lung cancer, pulmonary emphysema and pleural effusion we decided to carry out an autopsy study.

Methods: In this autopsy study carried out over two years, we compared the results of autopsy findings with the clinical data in accompanying records of the deceased.

Results: Among the 708 deceased subjects, there were 398 males and 310 females with a median age of 71 years.

[Next generation sequencing - application in clinical practice].

Development of new sequencing methods allowed faster and more economical genomic research. With these technologies, it is now possible to determine the complete sequence of human genome in a short time period and at a relatively low cost. Introduction of next generation sequencing methods to cancer research provided a comprehensive molecular characterization of cancers and enabled deeper insights into tumor complexity, heterogeneity and evolution.

Second primary cancers - causes, incidence and the future.

Thanks to continually improving screening programs, diagnostic, and treatment methods, the survival rate in newly diagnosed cancer patients is increasing. With this improvement in survival, attention is now being focused on potential longterm complications such as multiple primary tumors, which represent a leading cause of late nonrelapse mortality. The number of patients who survive cancer dia-gnosis is growing by 2% each year.

Expression of carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) in malignant mesothelioma. An immunohistochemical and immunocytochemical study.

Malignant mesothelioma is an aggressive tumor with a poor prognosis. Carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) is a membranously located metalloenzyme involved in pH homeostasis with influence on regulation of cell proliferation, oncogenesis and tumor progression. Much attention has been paid recently to carboanhydrases and their inhibitors as they offer an opportunity for both developing novel anticancer drugs, as well as diagnostic and prognostic tools.

Lung cancer in pregnancy: report of nine cases from an international collaborative study.

Objective: Lung cancer is an uncommon diagnosis during pregnancy. The combination of smoking in young women, increased maternal age during pregnancy, and increasing incidence of lung cancer worldwide may cause an increase of pregnancy associated lung cancer. The aim of this study was to describe all cases of lung cancer during pregnancy, registered in the international Cancer in Pregnancy registration study (CIP study; www.

Comparison of various iron chelators used in clinical practice as protecting agents against catecholamine-induced oxidative injury and cardiotoxicity.

Catecholamines are stress hormones and sympathetic neurotransmitters essential for control of cardiac function and metabolism. However, pathologically increased catecholamine levels may be cardiotoxic by mechanism that includes iron-catalyzed formation of reactive oxygen species. In this study, five iron chelators used in clinical practice were examined for their potential to protect cardiomyoblast-derived cell line H9c2 from the oxidative stress and toxicity induced by catecholamines epinephrine and isoprenaline and their oxidation products.

Iron chelation with salicylaldehyde isonicotinoyl hydrazone protects against catecholamine autoxidation and cardiotoxicity.

Elevated catecholamine levels are known to induce damage of the cardiac tissue. This catecholamine cardiotoxicity may stem from their ability to undergo oxidative conversion to aminochromes and concomitant production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which damage cardiomyocytes via the iron-catalyzed Fenton-type reaction. This suggests the possibility of cardioprotection by iron chelation.