Stratification system with dual human endogenous retroviruses for predicting immunotherapy efficacy in metastatic clear-cell renal cell carcinoma.

Background: Endogenous retrovirus (ERV) elements are genomic footprints of ancestral retroviral infections within the human genome. While the dysregulation of ERV transcription has been linked to immune cell infiltration in various cancers, its relationship with immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) response in solid tumors, particularly metastatic clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), remains inadequately explored.

Methods: This study analyzed patients with metastatic ccRCC from two prospective clinical trials, encompassing 181 patients receiving nivolumab in the CheckMate trials (-009 to -010 and -025) and 48 patients treated with the ipilimumab-nivolumab combination in the BIONIKK trial.

Biweekly vs Triweekly Cabazitaxel in Older Patients With Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: The CABASTY Phase 3 Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Many patients 65 years or older with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) are denied taxane chemotherapy because this treatment is considered unsuitable.

Objective: To determine whether biweekly cabazitaxel (CBZ), 16 mg/m2 (biweekly CBZ16), plus prophylactic granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) at each cycle reduces the risk of grade 3 or higher neutropenia and/or neutropenic complications (eg, febrile neutropenia, neutropenic infection, or sepsis) compared with triweekly CBZ, 25 mg/m2 (triweekly CBZ25), plus G-CSF (standard regimen).

Design, Setting, And Participants: A total of 196 patients 65 years or older with progressive mCRPC were enrolled in this prospective phase 3 randomized clinical trial conducted in France (18 centers) and Germany (7 centers) between May 5, 2017, and January 7, 2021.

Plasma and genetic determinants of soluble TREM-1 and major adverse cardiovascular events in a prospective cohort of acute myocardial infarction patients. Results from the FAST-MI 2010 study.

Introduction: Triggering receptor expressing on myeloid cells (TREM)-1 is involved in the pathophysiology of ischemic heart disease. Plasma soluble TREM-1 levels (sTREM-1) has been associated with increased risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients. However, the causative link between TREM-1 and MACE remains unknown and requires further investigation before developing potential therapeutic approaches.

Association of Factor V Leiden With Subsequent Atherothrombotic Events: A GENIUS-CHD Study of Individual Participant Data.

Background: Studies examining the role of factor V Leiden among patients at higher risk of atherothrombotic events, such as those with established coronary heart disease (CHD), are lacking. Given that coagulation is involved in the thrombus formation stage on atherosclerotic plaque rupture, we hypothesized that factor V Leiden may be a stronger risk factor for atherothrombotic events in patients with established CHD.

Methods: We performed an individual-level meta-analysis including 25 prospective studies (18 cohorts, 3 case-cohorts, 4 randomized trials) from the GENIUS-CHD (Genetics of Subsequent Coronary Heart Disease) consortium involving patients with established CHD at baseline.

Association between rs4149056 variant in and early discontinuation of statin after acute myocardial infarction.

Data from two French surveys were used to analyze the association between in-hospital statin discontinuation and polymorphism (rs4149056) in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Using TaqMan allelic discrimination assay, 1674 and 1708 patients were genotyped for in 2005 and 2010, respectively. The association with in-hospital statin discontinuation was assessed after adjusting for confounding factors.

Subsequent Event Risk in Individuals With Established Coronary Heart Disease.

Background: The Genetics of Subsequent Coronary Heart Disease (GENIUS-CHD) consortium was established to facilitate discovery and validation of genetic variants and biomarkers for risk of subsequent CHD events, in individuals with established CHD.

Methods: The consortium currently includes 57 studies from 18 countries, recruiting 185 614 participants with either acute coronary syndrome, stable CHD, or a mixture of both at baseline. All studies collected biological samples and followed-up study participants prospectively for subsequent events.

Cardiometabolic risk factors in primary centred and rotator cuff-related shoulder osteoarthritis: a comparative study.

Background: Risk factors for shoulder osteoarthritis (SOA) have been poorly studied. SOA has two anatomical subtypes: primary centred SOA (centred SOA) and rotator cuff-related OA (non-centred SOA). We examined whether cardiometabolic risk factors are preferentially associated with centred than mechanical-induced non-centred SOA.

Effect of Interval (7 or 11 weeks) Between Neoadjuvant Radiochemotherapy and Surgery on Complete Pathologic Response in Rectal Cancer: A Multicenter, Randomized, Controlled Trial (GRECCAR-6).

Purpose A pathologic complete response (pCR; ypT0N0) of a rectal tumor after neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy (RCT) is associated with an excellent prognosis. Several retrospective studies have investigated the effect of increasing the delay after RCT. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of increasing the interval between the end of RCT and surgery on the pCR rate.

Periodontopathogens antibodies and major adverse events following an acute myocardial infarction: results from the French Registry of Acute ST-Elevation and Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (FAST-MI).

Background: Periodontopathogens antibodies have been shown to be associated with primary myocardial events, but little is known regarding their impact on major adverse events after a prior acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The present prospective study evaluates the association between antibody levels of 4 periodontopathogens and the risk of all-cause death or non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI) at 1 year in 975 patients admitted for acute ST segment or non-ST segment elevation MI in French Registry of Acute ST-Elevation and Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (FAST-MI), a nationwide French survey.

Methods: Multiserotype ELISAs were performed to assess levels of IgG and IgA against , , and .

Survey of 243 ART patients having made a final disposition decision about their surplus cryopreserved embryos: the crucial role of symbolic embryo representation.

Study Question: In couples who have chosen and confirmed the fate of surplus frozen embryos, which factors influence their decision, with a special emphasis on their symbolic representation of the embryo(s)?

Summary Answer: Embryo representation and gamete donation use significantly influence the fate of surplus cryopreserved embryos.

What Is Known Already: Previous studies report difficulties for couples to decide whether or not to continue storing their frozen embryo(s) and different factors have been already highlighted which influence their decision, including embryo conceptualization, information and support provided by the medical institution, quality of embryo(s) and life events. Little is known, however, about couples who definitely decided to stop their parental project and finalized the process of decision-making about the fate of their cryopreserved embryo(s).

Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase Fine-Tunes Immune Homeostasis in Atherosclerosis and Colitis through Repression of Interleukin-10 Production.

Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (Ido1) is a rate-limiting enzyme that catalizes the degradation of tryptophan along the kynurenine pathway. Here, we show that Ido1 activity sustains an immunostimulatory potential through inhibition of interleukin (Il)10. In atherosclerosis, Ido1-dependent inhibition of Il10 translates into disease exacerbation.

Impact of age-adjusted insulin-like growth factor 1 on major cardiovascular events after acute myocardial infarction: results from the fast-MI registry.

Background: The GH/IGF-1 axis is being targeted for therapeutic development in diseases such as short stature, cancer, and metabolic disorders. The impact of IGF-1 in cardiovascular disease remains controversial. We therefore studied whether IGF-1 at admission for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) predicted death, recurrent AMI, and stroke over a 2-year follow-up.

Results of myringoplasty in children with cleft palate: a patient-matched study.

Objectives: To assess the anatomic and functional outcome of underlay cartilage myringoplasty in children with cleft palate, at different postoperative periods compared with a patients-matched control group

Study Design: Case control study, tertiary referral center.

Methods: An otologic database was used to select children with cleft palate and perforated tympanic membrane who underwent myringoplasty between 1995 and 2012. These subjects were matched with control patients, without cleft palate, using the following criteria: age, size of perforation, status of contralateral ear, and status of middle ear mucosa.

Serum level of adiponectin is a surrogate independent biomarker of radiographic disease progression in early rheumatoid arthritis: results from the ESPOIR cohort.

Introduction: Adipokines such as adiponectin, leptin, and visfatin/nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) have recently emerged as pro-inflammatory mediators involved in the pathophysiology of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We aimed to determine whether serum adipokine levels independently predicted early radiographic disease progression in early RA.

Methods: In total, 791 patients were included from the prospective Etude et Suivi des POlyarthrites Indifférenciées Récentes (ESPOIR) cohort who met the American College of Rheumatology-European League Against Rheumatism criteria for RA (n = 632) or had undifferentiated arthritis (UA) (n = 159).

Cholesteryl ester transfer protein polymorphisms, statin use, and their impact on cholesterol levels and cardiovascular events.

The association of nonfunctional variants of the cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) with efficacy of statins has been a subject of debate. We evaluated whether three functional CETP variants influence statin efficacy. The effect of CETP genotype on achieved levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc), and total cholesterol during statin treatment was estimated by meta-analysis of the linear regression outcomes of three studies (11,021 individuals).

B lymphocytes trigger monocyte mobilization and impair heart function after acute myocardial infarction.

Acute myocardial infarction is a severe ischemic disease responsible for heart failure and sudden death. Here, we show that after acute myocardial infarction in mice, mature B lymphocytes selectively produce Ccl7 and induce Ly6C(hi) monocyte mobilization and recruitment to the heart, leading to enhanced tissue injury and deterioration of myocardial function. Genetic (Baff receptor deficiency) or antibody-mediated (CD20- or Baff-specific antibody) depletion of mature B lymphocytes impeded Ccl7 production and monocyte mobilization, limited myocardial injury and improved heart function.

Circulating levels of interleukin-17 and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with acute myocardial infarction.

Aim: Interleukin (IL)-17 pathway is being clinically targeted in immune-mediated diseases, most of which are associated with a significant cardiovascular risk. We investigated the relationship between serum levels of IL-17 and the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with acute myocardial infarction.

Methods And Results: We used data from 981 patients enrolled in the prospective, multicentre French registry of Acute ST elevation, or non-ST-elevation Myocardial Infarction (Fast-MI, NCT00673036).

Effect of paraoxonase-1 polymorphism on clinical outcomes in patients treated with clopidogrel after an acute myocardial infarction.

Paraoxonase-1 (PON1) Q192R polymorphism was recently suggested to determine per se clopidogrel response on major cardiovascular events (MACEs). We assessed the impact of PON1, CYP2C19, and ABCB1 polymorphisms on MACE in clopidogrel-treated acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients (N = 2,210), including those undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) (n = 1,538). PON1 polymorphism was not associated with increased risk of in-hospital death and MACEs at 1 year (adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 1.

The effect of ursodesoxycholic acid on duodenal adenomas in familial adenomatous polyposis: a prospective randomized placebo-control trial.

Aim: Duodenal adenomas occur in about 90% of patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) and are the second cause of death of patients who have had a prophylactic proctocolectomy. Studies suggest that biliary acids have a role in the development of duodenal adenomas. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of ursodesoxycholic acid (UDCA) on duodenal adenoma formation in patients with FAP.

Immunogenicity and safety of the influenza A H1N1v 2009 vaccine in cancer patients treated with cytotoxic chemotherapy and/or targeted therapy: the VACANCE study.

Background: Influenza vaccination is recommended to cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy, but vaccine coverage remains low. During the 2009 influenza pandemic, French recommendations were to vaccinate immunocompromised patients with two doses of adjuvanted vaccine. This study aimed to evaluate vaccine immunogenicity in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy.