Enamel surface roughness after orthodontic adhesive removal: an in vitro study comparing four clearance methods.

Purpose: Adhesive remnants removal is the last key step influencing orthodontic treatment outcomes. Four different clearance methods (CM) of orthodontic adhesive were evaluated to determine, which achieved the smoothest enamel surface in the shortest time.

Materials And Methods: 75 intact premolars extracted for orthodontic purposes were included, sixty had an orthodontic bracket bonded and subsequently removed, and fifteen served as the control group.

Maslach Burnout Inventory versus Boyko's Burnout Inventory: a comparative study and methodology.

Background: In Russia, the following two questionnaires are mainly used to study the burnout syndrome: Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) and Boyko's Burnout Inventory (BBI). Despite the fact that the questionnaires are based on different theoretical models and composition of the scales, they evaluate essentially the same construct. A few published sources provide data on correlations between the results of measuring burnout using these methods.

From land to water: "Sunken" T-maze for associated learning in cichlid fish.

The study introduced and evaluated learning paradigms for Maylandia callainos cichlids using a modified version of the rodent T-maze, filled with tank water (the "sunken" modification). Both male and female fish underwent training in two distinct conditioning paradigms. Firstly, simple operant conditioning involved placing a food reward in either the right or left compartment.

Reconceptualizing Acute Pain Management in the 21st Century.

Acute pain can have many etiologies that include surgical procedures, trauma (motor vehicle accident), musculoskeletal injuries (rib fracture) and, burns among others. Valuable components of a multimodal approach to acute pain management include both opioid and non-opioid medications, procedure specific regional anesthesia techniques (peripheral nerve blocks and neuraxial approaches), and interventional approaches (eg, peripheral nerve stimulation and cryo-neurolysis). Overall, successful acute perioperative pain management requires a multimodal, multidisciplinary approach that involves a coordinated effort between the surgical team, the anesthesia team, nursing, and pharmacy staff using Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocols.

Experimental models of human cortical malformations: from mammals to 'acortical' zebrafish.

Human neocortex controls and integrates cognition, emotions, perception and complex behaviors. Aberrant cortical development can be triggered by multiple genetic and environmental factors, causing cortical malformations. Animal models, especially rodents, are a valuable tool to probe molecular and physiological mechanisms of cortical malformations.

The Slavcleft: A Three-Center Study of the Outcome of Treatment of Cleft Lip and Palate Considering Palatal Shape.

The degree of deviation of palatal shape from the norm may reflect facial growth disturbance in cleft lip and palate (CLP). The objective of this study was to compare the palatal morphology in children treated with different surgical protocols. Palatal shape was assessed with geometric morphometrics (GM) including Procrustes superimposition, principal component analysis (PCA), and permutation tests with 10,000 permutations, in 24 children treated with two-stage repair with a late palatoplasty (Prague group; mean age at assessment 8.

Buprenorphine Inductions via Transdermal Patches for Opioid Use Disorder in the Inpatient Setting.

Buprenorphine inductions traditionally require an opioid-free period due to the risk of precipitated opioid withdrawal. Hospitalized patients with opioid use disorder and concurrent acute pain may be eligible for buprenorphine therapy. However, effective buprenorphine induction strategies in this patient population have not been well established.

Mental Health of the Russian Federation Population versus Regional Living Conditions and Individual Income.

The objective of our study was to assess the impact of regional living conditions on the Russian population's mental health. For the analysis, we used data from the cross-sectional stage of a 2013-2014 study, "Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Diseases in the Regions of the Russian Federation (ESSE-RF)". The final sample included 18,021 men and women 25-64 years of age from 11 regions of Russia.

Perinatal Stressors as a Factor in Impairments to Nervous System Development and Functions: Review of In Vivo Models.

The human body is faced with stress throughout ontogeny. At the stage of intrauterine development, the mother's body serves as a source of resources and most of the humoral factors supporting the development of the fetus. In normal conditions, maternal stress-related humoral signals (e.

Understanding CNS Effects of Antimicrobial Drugs Using Zebrafish Models.

Antimicrobial drugs represent a diverse group of widely utilized antibiotic, antifungal, antiparasitic and antiviral agents. Their growing use and clinical importance necessitate our improved understanding of physiological effects of antimicrobial drugs, including their potential effects on the central nervous system (CNS), at molecular, cellular, and behavioral levels. In addition, antimicrobial drugs can alter the composition of gut microbiota, and hence affect the gut-microbiota-brain axis, further modulating brain and behavioral processes.

Developing Novel Experimental Models of m-TORopathic Epilepsy and Related Neuropathologies: Translational Insights from Zebrafish.

The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is an important molecular regulator of cell growth and proliferation. Brain mTOR activity plays a crucial role in synaptic plasticity, cell development, migration and proliferation, as well as memory storage, protein synthesis, autophagy, ion channel expression and axonal regeneration. Aberrant mTOR signaling causes a diverse group of neurological disorders, termed 'mTORopathies'.

Comparative Efficacy of the Stromal-Vascular Fraction Cells of Lipoaspirate and Hyaluronic Acid in the Treatment of Gonarthrosis: Results of an Interim Analysis.

The use of cell technologies, in particular the stromal-vascular fraction of adipose tissue, is a new direction in the treatment of osteoarthritis of the weight-bearing joints. Stromal-vascular fraction cells have anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects and are able to differentiate into connective tissue cells, including cartilage, tendons, and ligaments. Our clinical study showed the safety and good tolerability of intra-articular administration of autologous stromal-vascular fraction cells in 16 patients with severe manifestations of osteoarthritis.

[Dietary changes in males from adolescence to adulthood: results of a 28-year prospective study].

Dietary pattern usually changes with age; however, certain dietary habits may remain constant. of this study was to analyze dynamic changes in the dietary pattern of males from adolescence to adulthood during a 28-year prospective follow-up. .

Gender, Age, Family and Territorial Features of Dietary and Physical Activity Patterns in Russian Youths.

Identifying dietary and physical activity (PA) patterns in Russian youths and examining their dependence on gender, age, family characteristics and area of residence features. The research involved 783 school students 10-17 years of age and their parents living in the cities of Moscow and Murmansk. Using the principal component analysis, four integral indices were identified that characterized the habits and dietary patterns, PA and lifestyle.

Association of Vital Exhaustion with Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Diseases, Quality of Life and Lifestyle in 41-44-Year-Old Muscovite Men.

(1) Background: Vital exhaustion (VE) is no less of an important risk factor (RF) for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and cardiovascular events than the well-known RFs. Insufficient knowledge of the relationship between VE and CVD RF, quality of life, and lifestyle was the rationale for this study. (2) Methods: We examined 301 Muscovite men 41-44 years of age.

The Slavcleft: a three-center study of the outcome of treatment of cleft lip and palate. Nasolabial appearance.

Background: There is a multitude of protocols of treatment of cleft lip and palate (CLP) worldwide differing in number of operations, surgical techniques, and timings of surgeries. Despite, facial appearance in subjects with CLP is rarely ideal and residual stigmata are easy to notice in many patients irrespective of the protocol. The prospective controlled investigations are optimal for comparing effectiveness of treatment protocols.

Stereotypes as Historical Accidents: Images of Social Class in Postcommunist Versus Capitalist Societies.

Stereotypes are ideological and justify the existing social structure. Although stereotypes persist, they can change when the context changes. Communism's rise in Eastern Europe and Asia in the 20th century provides a natural experiment examining social-structural effects on social class stereotypes.

The Slavcleft: A three-center study of the outcome of treatment of cleft lip and palate. Part 2: Dental arch relationships.

Purpose: Our aim was to evaluate the dental arch relationship in a preadolescent Slavic population with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) by using the Goslon Yardstick.

Materials And Methods: Patients treated in Warsaw, Poland (n = 32), Prague, Czech Republic (n = 33) and Bratislava, Slovakia (n = 30) were included in this retrospective study. Each cleft center used a unique surgical protocol.

Dentoalveolar Arch Dimensions in UCLP Boys After Neonatal Cheiloplasty or After Lip Surgery at the Age of 3 or 6 Months.

Objective: To compare the influence of 3 different time protocols of cleft lip and palate operations on the growth of the dentoalveolar arch in patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP).

Materials And Methods: We evaluated 64 plaster casts of 8-year-old boys with UCLP operated on according to 3 different time protocols: lip repair at the age of 6 months and palate repair at 4 years, lip repair at 3 months and palate repair at 9 months, and neonatal lip repair and palate repair at 9 months. The control group contained 13 plaster casts of 8-year-old boys.

In situ impedance spectroscopy of filament formation by resistive switches in polymer based structures.

It is shown that the impedance spectroscopy allows identification of the resistive switching mechanisms in complex composite structures. This statement was demonstrated on an example of organic based sandwich structures with a modified polymer matrix as an active element. The impedance spectroscopy scanning was performed for a series of intermediate states formed within the switching process.

POSTOPERATIVE FIXATION AFTER REPOSITIONING OF PREMAXILLA IN A PATIENT WITH BILATERAL CLEFT LIP AND PALATE - CASE REPORT.

This article presents orthodontic-surgical treatment in an eight-year-old patient with bilateral cleft lip and palate where premaxilla was surgically repositioned in the mixed dentition stage. By cranial and dorsal insertion of the premaxilla were created satisfactory occlusal relationship for ongoing eruption of permanent teeth, together with functional lip closure, improved pronunciation and a positive change in appearance of the centrofacial area. Reposition of premaxilla was associated with bilateral alveolar bone grafting of the cleft defect with cancellous bone from the iliac crest.

Using three-dimensional digital models to establish alveolar morphotype.

Background: The aim of the study was to propose a classification of alveolar morphotype and assess a relationship between extraction/non-extraction orthodontic treatment and changes to the alveolar process.

Materials And Methods: Seventy-five subjects (mean age = 23.2, SD = 5.

Production and Analysis of Biological Properties of Recombinant Human Apolipoprotein A-I.

Production of recombinant human apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) in E. coli cells is described and its biological properties are compared with those of natural protein. Recombinant apoA-I was isolated as a chimeric polypeptide and then processed to a mature form apoA-I (rapo-I).

Breath Analysis Using a Time-of-Flight Camera and Pressure Belts.

The proper way of breathing is important for everyone. Healthy people often do not follow respiration until breathing problems start-during stress or during sport activity in physiological cases. More serious cases are stroke, injury, or surgery of the chest and others.